The superior geographical location and good natural conditions have given birth to abundant Chinese herbal medicine resources in Hubei. Qichun's famous doctor Li Shizhen wrote Compendium of Materia Medica. Shenlongjia is known as the "Herb Garden" of natural Chinese herbal medicines, and Enshi Autonomous Prefecture is known as the "Chinese herbal medicine repository", which is one of the main producing areas of Chinese herbal medicines in China. There are about 3939 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine resources in Hubei province, including 3354 kinds of medicinal plants, 524 kinds of medicinal animals and 6 1 species of medicinal minerals, ranking sixth in the country. Based on these medicinal resources, there are 453 1 species of traditional Chinese medicines, including 3,728 kinds of plant medicines, 684 kinds of animal medicines, 88 kinds of mineral medicines and 365,438 others. The existing Chinese herbal medicines cover an area of 4.2 million mu, mainly distributed in Enshi Autonomous Prefecture and Three Gorges Reservoir Area (Yichang, Shenlongjia, etc. ), northwest Hubei, Dabie Mountain.
Hubei has a long history of plant medicine cultivation and obvious local characteristics, and has accumulated a number of authentic medicinal brands, such as Changyang Qiu Zi Papaya, which was listed as "big, straight in color and wrinkled in skin" by China Pharmacopoeia; Enshi Purple Oil Magnolia Officinalis, Lichuan Chicken Feet Coptis, Enshi Bandang and Xianfeng Chicken Leg Atractylodes macrocephala have been protected by national geographical indication products; "Poria cocos in Jiuzihe", "Centipede with Golden Head in Gubei (Zhishi)", "Qiu Zi Duhuo", Chaenomeles speciosa, Ophiopogon japonicus in Hubei, Pinellia ternata in Beijing, Flos Magnoliae in Wufeng, Platycodon grandiflorum in Yingshan and Four Treasures in Qichun (Artemisia argyi, Agkistrodon, Tortoise, etc. Hubei Chinese herbal medicines are known as "gold" and "silver", in which "gold" refers to Coptis chinensis in Lichuan and "silver" refers to Poria cocos in Jiuzihe, Luotian. Recently, in order to develop genuine medicinal materials, the country selected 60 varieties for investigation, among which 9 varieties came from Hubei, namely: Poria, Cortex Phellodendri, Rhizoma Pinelliae, Radix Platycodi, Eucommiae Cortex, Rhizoma Coptidis, Radix Ophiopogonis, Fritillaria and Magnolia Officinalis.
There are 68 Chinese herbal medicine processing enterprises in Hubei, which have basically formed a network pattern of medicinal chemistry, Chinese patent medicine preparation, decoction pieces processing, medical care, production and marketing of Chinese herbal medicines. At present, a number of health beverage and food enterprises with independent intellectual property rights have been formed, represented by papaya, coptis chinensis, yam, panax japonicus, bandang and rattan tea. Well-known enterprises include Yichang Kang Min Pharmaceutical Factory, Wuhan Jianmin Group, Wuhan Zhonglian, Ma Yinglong Pharmaceutical, Tao Hong K Group, Hubei Huichun Pharmaceutical Factory,
Laifeng Hengfa Pharmaceutical Company, Hefeng Feng Ba Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Qichun Li Shizhen Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Lichuan Xianglian Pharmaceutical Company, etc.
1. Hubei's "Three Big Drug Stores"
1. Wuling mountain area
Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture is located in the transition zone between Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and the eastern low hills. It is a refuge for paleontology and has 2088 species of medicinal plants. With many varieties and large output, it is known as the "Chinese medicine library". Among them, there are 2258 species of medicinal plants belonging to 202 families and 88 1 genus in Enshi. Among them, there are 12 kinds of authentic medicinal materials that are most suitable for planting in Enshi, namely: Magnolia Officinalis, Radix Dipsaci, Fritillaria hupehensis, Akebia trifoliata, Radix Codonopsis, Atractylodis Macrocephalae, Rhizoma Coptidis, Hypericum perforatum, Valeriana, Scrophularia, Panax japonicus and Radix Angelicae Pubescentis. Establish a commodity production base dominated by Coptis chinensis, Codonopsis pilosula, Magnolia officinalis, Atractylodes macrocephala and Cortex Phellodendri;
2. Shennongjia and Wudang Mountain areas
It is famous for its wide variety of plants and contains more than 2000 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines. It is known as a natural botanical garden and enjoys a world reputation. Among them, Dioscorea zingiberensis is known as the "golden medicine". Development and production of traditional varieties such as Eucommia ulmoides, Magnolia Officinalis, Papaya, Radix Angelicae Pubescentis, Radix Dipsaci and Flos Magnoliae, and comprehensive development of Gynostemma pentaphyllum and Chrysanthemum;
3. Dabie Mountain area
Mainly in Huanggang city. There are some unique varieties here, such as Poria, Atractylodes macrocephala, Chrysanthemum, Belamcanda, Gastrodia elata and so on. There are 25 medicinal materials bases in Qichun County, including 10,000 mu of Magnolia officinalis and Eucommia ulmoides in Lion Mountain, 1,000 mu of Ginkgo biloba in Liu Fang, Lin Tan, 1,000 mu of Cornus officinalis in Xiangqiao Lion Mountain and 1,000 mu of Gardenia in Shao Long, qi zhou, which are large in scale and grow well. Establish a commodity production base based on Poria cocos, Platycodon grandiflorum and Chrysanthemum;
In addition, in Xiangyang, a hilly area in northern Hubei, a commodity production base with Ophiopogon japonicus (Ophiopogon japonicus) as the main part was established. In the water network area of Jianghan Plain, a commodity breeding base with tortoise shells as the main part will be established. Establish centipede medicinal commodity bases in Yichang and Zhicheng.
2. Hubei Chinese herbal medicine base.
Near the Qingjiang Grand Canyon in Enshi, there is a long and narrow ridge, which is about 5 kilometers long from east to west and 400 meters wide, with an average elevation of 1.600 meters. There is a medicinal plant germplasm resource park in Hubei Province. Nearly 3000 mu of natural medicinal botanical garden has preserved 1400 living medicinal plant specimens. In addition, there are poria cocos production bases in Jiuzihe and Yingshan Caopan in Luotian, Huanglian production base in Fubaoshan, Lichuan, Papaya and Radix Angelicae Pubescentis production base in Changyang, Ophiopogon japonicus production base in Xiangyang, Platycodon grandiflorum production base in Yingshan and Dawu, Xinyi production base in Wufeng and Sanmu production base in Enshi.