Open-pit coal industry: power generation business of "zero mortality" coal mine
Longjia
Safety is a matter of course for the open-pit coal mine industry. However, the biggest bottleneck at present is that the average calorific value of lignite produced by the company is only 3 100 kcal/kg, which is far lower than that of coking coal in Shanxi and other places, and the market price is also far lower than that of coking coal of more than 300 yuan per ton, which is about 70 yuan/ton. Can only be mainly used as fuel for power plants.
Hong He, a 35-year-old taxi driver, will stay in front of the small parking lot in tongliao airport, Inner Mongolia with a group of buddies every Monday, Wednesday, Saturday and Sunday at around 6 pm, waiting for the only guest who flies from Beijing that day. Because the income of this job is attractive, a guest bids for 30 yuan, pulling four cars for one car 120 yuan, and there is no need to beat the meter. Occasionally, some people questioned that his asking price was too harsh (meter only 15 yuan/train number), and he also formed his own theory with peace of mind-most foreign tourists from the airport turned to Huolinguole open-pit coal mine to sell large-scale equipment, and they were all "rich".
Holingol, the "blessed land" of the Red River, is a coal city under the jurisdiction of Tongliao, located in the hinterland of Horqin prairie, more than 320 miles away from Tongliao. It takes five hours by bus and eight hours by train. Holingol was once one of the birthplaces of Qidan. With the help of Inner Mongolia Huolinhe Open-pit Coal Industry Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Huolinhe Open-pit Coal Mine"), one of the five open-pit coal mines in China, which will be listed on Shenzhen Stock Exchange today, the communication channel with the outside world has been opened for the first time.
"Wujin" in the depths of grassland
It is hard to imagine a modern coal mine with 100% mechanized production on a remote grassland. The long and narrow Huolinhe open-pit coal mine is 60 kilometers long and 9 kilometers wide, riding obliquely on the ridge of the western section of Daxinganling, with a reserve of131000000 tons, ranking second among the five open-pit coal mines in China. The output in 2006 was 20.68 million tons.
The reporter came to No.1 open pit mine, which is a vast black plain. The bare coalfields are descending step by step, which is a bit like the common terraces in the vast southern mountainous areas, but it produces Wujin, which is more expensive than rice ears. Technicians say that such a coalfield has large reserves, shallow coverage, slow dip angle and simple geological structure, which is most suitable for modern open-pit mining.
Looking at the operation area from the observation deck of Huolinhe coalfield, the blue sky, brown and black ground and gray air were washed clean. Because the grassland is too vast, I can't hear the noise of the imaginary machine, but it seems to be in a silent slide show scene. Several latest 27 vertical excavators are digging in the upper part of the coalfield. After the coal seam is dug, it should be stripped, one part is rock and the other part is lignite. Rock and soil are transported by 120 ton transport vehicle to the garbage dump for accumulation, waiting for planting seabuckthorn and other tree species for reclamation; The other part of lignite is transported by truck to the crushing station at the lower part of the coal field for crushing, and then transported to the loading bin in the distance by two 4-kilometer-long closed conveyor belts. It is directly loaded into the train car by the accurate quantitative loading device and transported to the power plants in the three northeastern provinces along the Huotong line. It is said that this loading device is the most accurate quantitative loading system in the world. The train does not need to stop, the loading speed can reach 5000 tons/hour, and the weighing error of each car is accurate to plus or minus 0.65438 0%.
More than 3,000 workers in the coalfield are skilled workers who operate all kinds of machinery. They are divided into four shifts, one shift every eight hours and three shifts all day, realizing 24-hour uninterrupted mining. For safety reasons, ordinary people and non-operating vehicles are not allowed to enter and leave the coalfield operation area, so no one can be seen in the huge coalfield. The staff said that people can only be seen in the mine when the shift is changed, but only for a few minutes. In order to ensure efficiency, workers are sent directly to the job site by a unified bus, and one worker gets on the bus to replace the last one.
Because it is open-pit mining, there is no danger of gas, water inrush, roof caving and other underground coal mines, and full mechanized operation has been implemented. Since the establishment of Huolinhe Open-pit Coal Mine, there has never been a fatal accident in raw coal production and industrial production. Cheng Minghua, director of the securities department of Huolinhe open-pit coal mine, told reporters that safety is a matter of course for them. Especially after hearing so many thrilling and tragic underground coal mine casualties, the public and investors really have a good impression on "zero mortality". "Compared with our competitors, safety is one of our major advantages."
Breakthrough plan
At present, the biggest bottleneck in Huolinhe Open-pit Coal Mine is that the average calorific value of lignite produced is only 3 100 kcal/kg, which is far lower than that of coking coal in Shanxi and other places, and the market price is also far lower than that of coking coal of more than 300 yuan per ton, which is about 70 yuan/ton, and it is mainly used as power plant fuel. Affected by the low average selling price, the product must have the most economical transportation radius, and once it exceeds this radius, its competitiveness will be limited.
At present, the main solutions are: improving refining process and improving lignite quality; At the same time, coal is converted into electricity. Because the coal price of Huolinhe River is "absolutely" cheap, the power generation cost of power generation enterprises around the company is very low, about 0. 18 yuan/kWh. In order to promote its inferior lignite, the company has launched a massive attack in recent years, bundling almost all the power plants around it. At present, the power plants in eastern Inner Mongolia, Liaoning Province and Jilin Province are all designed according to the coal quality characteristics of Huolinhe coal, such as high volatile matter, high ash melting point and difficult coking. The generator set boilers in these power plants all require the company's coal source share to be no less than 65%, otherwise it will affect the normal operation of the boilers.
According to Liu Yiyong, the company's director and general manager, the company's current economic sales radius is within 1000 km, and the top five main power plants are: Guodian Shuangliao Power Plant, accounting for 20.4% of the sales market share; China Power invested in Tongliao Power Plant, accounting for 65,438+09.6%; Datang Group Changshan Power, accounting for 6.8%; China Power Investment Siping Power Plant accounts for 4.8%; China Electric Power invested in Tongliao Thermal Power Plant, accounting for 4. 1%.
In addition, the continuous expansion of the installed capacity of power plants in the company's sales area and the shortage of coal resources in the surrounding areas will definitely increase the company's demand for lignite. Within the company's effective sales radius, the demand for coal in power plants in 2007 was 665,438+200,000 tons/year, and it is predicted that the demand for coal will be 85.2 million tons/year by 20 10, with a bright future.
The actual controller of Huolinhe open-pit coal industry is China Power Investment Corporation, one of the five largest power groups in China. In addition to converting coal into electricity, aluminum can also be refined by electricity. The controlling shareholder of Huolinhe Open-pit Coal Mine is China Power Investment Huomei Group. They have promised that after the company goes public, they will inject high-quality aluminum assets into listed companies through transfer and shareholding, so as to realize the overall listing of the group. This will mean that Huolinhe open-pit coal industry can realize the integrated development of aluminum, coal and electricity in the future.
At present, the company's coal resources reserves rank third among coal listed companies. CLP Huomei Group has promised to inject 2.2 billion tons of mining rights into the open-pit coal industry after listing, when the company's total reserves and reserves per share will rank first. If the production capacity is 50 million tons/year, the recovery rate is 86.6% and the reserve coefficient is 1.2, it can be mined for 52 years. Its subsidiary Huomei Hong Jun Aluminum Power Co., Ltd. has an electrolytic aluminum plant with an annual output of 200,000 tons and supporting power plants, and the generated electricity can be transmitted to all parts of the country through Shenyang, the largest substation hub in China.