Does the public IP correspond to the host?

Not necessarily. First of all, you need to see what device this IP address is used on. If you use a fixed IP address on your computer, then this IP address corresponds to your host, but this IP address is assigned to the router, so this IP address should correspond to multiple hosts.

take for example

A company bought an IP address, but hoped that many people in the company could access the Internet, so it needed to use a router. This is an IP address that can be used by many hosts through NAT address translation, which means that an IP address does not correspond to a host.