1. emergency identification and early warning
2. Emergency plans, emergency teams and emergency drills
3. Emergency joint organization and emergency command platform
4. Emergency materials and funds
5. Emergency training, emergency linkage and emergency response
Connotation of emergency management:
Prevention: analyze and investigate the possible causes of emergencies before they occur, and then take measures to avoid them;
Specific measures:
Through management and technical means, as far as possible to prevent the occurrence of emergencies; Assuming that accidents are bound to happen, certain preventive measures can be taken in advance to reduce or slow down the severity of their effects or consequences.
Preparation: refers to all kinds of preparations for specific or potential emergencies, so as to carry out emergency actions quickly and orderly.
Specific measures:
(1) Establish information systems such as major hazard sources, emergency teams and emergency equipment by using modern communication information technology;
(two) to organize the formulation of emergency plans, and revise and improve them at any time;
③ Organize drills and training as planned;
④ Establish emergency response level and response level;
(5) Sign emergency mutual assistance agreements with government departments, social assistance organizations and enterprises, and implement the use of facilities and equipment, technical support, material and equipment supply, rescue personnel and other matters at the emergency disposal site.
Response: refers to all kinds of emergency treatment and rescue work carried out during the occurrence and development of public emergencies.
Specific measures:
(1) alarm and notify, and start the emergency plan;
(2) Fire fighting and engineering rescue;
③ Implement on-site vigilance and traffic control;
(4) Emergency evacuation accident may affect the regional personnel;
⑤ Provide on-site first aid and medical transfer;
⑥ Evaluate the development of public emergencies and inform the public of the progress.
Recovery: refers to all kinds of after-care work to restore production, work, life and ecological environment to normal state as soon as possible after public emergencies are initially controlled.
Specific measures:
① Assess the loss;
② Investigate the cause of the accident;
③ Clean up the scene of the incident;
(4) provide accident insurance claims.
What is an emergency drill?
Training and drill activities carried out in advance by production and business units in accordance with the responsibilities and procedures stipulated in the emergency plan for specific emergency scenarios.
There are three types of emergency drills: desktop drills, functional drills and comprehensive drills.
Desktop drill: Participants discuss and deduce the process of emergency decision-making and on-site disposal by using maps, sand tables, flowcharts, computer simulations, video conferences and other auxiliary means according to the pre-assumed drill scenarios, so as to promote relevant personnel to master the responsibilities and procedures stipulated in the emergency plan and improve their command, decision-making and coordination capabilities.
Functional drills: drills for an emergency function or some emergency actions can be divided into single drills and joint drills. Generally, it is necessary to call limited resources for on-site drills and form a written report.
Comprehensive drill: refers to the drill activities to test and evaluate the emergency operation ability of emergency organizations for all or most of the emergency functions in the emergency plan. Generally speaking, comprehensive drills should last for several hours and be conducted in an interactive manner. The drill process should be as real as possible, mobilize more emergency personnel and resources, conduct actual drills of personnel, equipment and other resources, and test the coordinated emergency response capability. Similar to functional drills, after the drills, besides oral comments and written reports, formal written reports should be submitted.
The workflow of emergency drill shall include the following main contents:
Exercise plan-exercise content: according to actual needs and realistic conditions.
Exercise form: easy first, then difficult, step by step.
Exercise frequency: moderate and scattered.
Exercise time: Exercise before the arrival of high-risk period.
Exercise area: meet the needs of time and situation and prevent disturbing people.
Drill preparation-set up a drill preparation working group, start drill preparation, analyze drill demand, determine drill scope, drill purpose, arrange preparation work schedule, drill target, design drill scenario, write drill control guide, drill evaluation guide, drill manual, drill script, prepare funds and materials, and prepare personnel and technical safety.
Exercise implementation-First, conduct mobilization exercises, including mobilizing evaluators, exercisers and controllers; Secondly, we should properly control the process of practice.
Evaluation summary-summary includes the implementation of the drill; Rationality and operability of the plan; The commanding ability of the commander; Disposability of participants; Advance and applicability of drilling equipment; Whether emergency supplies, communications, transportation, safety and other guarantees are sufficient; Cost-effectiveness of the exercise.
Follow-up-After the drill summary and evaluation process is completed, the planning team arranges personnel to urge relevant emergency organizations to continue to solve outstanding problems or matters. In order to ensure that the deficiencies found in the drill are effectively solved, the planning team should fully study and analyze the deficiencies found in the drill, determine the root causes of the problems, correct and implement preventive measures, and designate special personnel to be responsible for tracking.
Further reading: How to buy insurance, which is good, and teach you how to avoid these "pits" of insurance.