From the financial point of view, physical assets include inventory and fixed assets, and inventory includes inventory materials, finished products and semi-finished products; Fixed assets refer to non-monetary assets held by enterprises for producing products, providing labor services, leasing or management, which have been used for more than 12 months and have reached a certain standard, including houses, buildings, machines, machinery, means of transport and other equipment, appliances and tools related to production and business activities.
The specific classification is as follows:
First, according to the value of assets, including fixed assets, low-value consumables and consumables;
Two, according to economic purposes, including production and operation of assets and non production and operation of assets;
Three, according to the material form, including intangible assets and tangible assets;
Four, according to the ownership of property rights: owned assets, investment assets and leased assets;
In the actual management process, except for special management requirements, physical assets usually refer to fixed assets in financial management. From the financial point of view, the management of physical assets is different from the "static" value management. The management scope covers all the "things" in the daily business activities of enterprises and institutions. The former emphasizes the responsibility and efficiency of asset management, and pays attention to asset dynamics and management value. Based on the management concept of "asset life cycle", it advocates "dynamic" monitoring of the whole process of assets from formation to final extinction. Through deep control of different lines, it embodies "granularity" refined management, rationalizes and simplifies the complicated physical management situation, makes up for the blind spots and deficiencies in financial management, and realizes the consistency of accounts, cards and materials.