The reform of Britain's power system began in 1987, and was implemented after 1988+065438+ 10 passed the electricity privatization bill in Parliament, and 1989 promulgated the new electricity law.
Since the privatization of 1990, the British government has fundamentally reorganized the structure of the power industry and comprehensively reformed its operation mode. In the past, cegb, which operated power generation, transmission and distribution in a unified way, was divided into three parts: ① In the power generation part, independent National Power International Corporation (np), National Power Generation Corporation (pg), National Nuclear Power Corporation (ne) and some independent private power generation enterprises (IP) were established; (2) National Grid Corporation (ngc) was established in the transmission part, which mainly mastered the transmission network and dispatching center and controlled the networking projects with France, Scotland and two pumped storage power stations; (3) 12 regional independent power (distribution) companies (RECs) have been established in the power distribution section, and some regional companies still have power generation capacity; In some areas, there are also some independent (private) power supply companies that are directly engaged in the business of selling electricity. In this new structure, State Grid Corporation of China (ngc) and the joint venture (combined system or power joint venture) formed in the ngc position are in the central position. Ngc undertakes the dynamic operation of the power market, and its main tasks are: first, to maintain the stable and economic operation of the power grid and continuously develop the power grid; The second is to promote competition between power generation and power supply. The power grid is open to all power generation companies, distribution companies and directly affiliated university users. All power generation enterprises can use the power grid to sell electricity and pay the ngc power grid access fee and power grid use fee. All distribution companies and direct large users can use the power grid to purchase electricity from their own generator sets. At present, users (about 5,000 households) who are connected to the distribution network and larger than 1 1,000 kilowatts can freely choose generator sets to purchase electricity; Starting from 1994, users above 100 kw (about 50000 kw) will also have the option; 1998 cancels all restrictions, and any user can choose the power supply unit, thus forming a competitive situation between power generation companies and power supply companies. Transmission and distribution networks are still monopolized. Ngc operates completely independently, and the state requires ngc to play the role of national dispatching center and coordinate the power supply balance through price. Ngc also publishes its own operations in the form of documents to increase transparency and facilitate public supervision. The joint venture formed in ngc position is an electricity competition market that occurs one day in advance. Power generation companies sell electricity through joint ventures (except direct supply), and competitive prices are formed by joint ventures. The guiding ideology of electricity price regulation in Britain is to promote competition, so as to promote power enterprises to continuously improve efficiency and reduce costs through competition, so as to achieve the dual purposes of promoting the technical and management level of the power industry and protecting the interests of power consumers.