As the saying goes, "a clever woman can't cook without rice" and "the three armed forces have not moved, and food and grass come first". This shows that entrepreneurship needs venture capital, without which all entrepreneurial activities are impossible.
In the process of starting a business, you need money to rent an office, get a license, buy equipment, buy raw materials and pay employees. Without money, you will accomplish nothing. Therefore, capital is the blood of an enterprise and exists in the whole process of starting a business. To start a business, you must have enough funds.
If the funds are insufficient, there are two ways to choose: first, start small business and accumulate a certain amount of funds before becoming bigger; The second is to borrow money from banks or relatives or friends, or to absorb funds in the form of shares. The first method will accumulate funds very slowly, so most entrepreneurs start with financing at the beginning of their business. So, how to raise venture capital?
Generally speaking, there are several ways to raise venture capital:
Personal accumulation is suitable for small enterprises.
Personal accumulation is the foundation of an entrepreneur's career. Before starting a business, entrepreneurs accumulate their own wages and family income, from less to more. The original accumulation of entrepreneurs is very important. In order to start a business, we must be diligent and thrifty, accumulate venture capital as much as possible, minimize various expenses and increase venture capital.
However, this method is slow and requires entrepreneurs to develop good savings habits. This method is suitable for small enterprises.
Family members * * * and fund-raising.
This is a widely used financing method at present.
Borrow money from relatives and friends
It is also common to borrow money from your relatives and friends to raise funds in this way.
Borrow money from a bank
Loans can be at the expense of credit, from less to more, and the loan amount can be gradually expanded. Loans gain the trust of banks in the form of mortgage-secured loans.
A loan from a bank requires a certain amount of mortgage, but it is also very practical. The biggest obstacle to lending to banks is guarantee. If you can't provide a guarantee, you can't get a loan.
By raising funds
That is to say, we must engage in joint-stock system from the beginning, but we must choose a good partner. Fund-raising is divided into internal employee fund-raising and external customer fund-raising. Raising funds from internal employees can enhance employees' sense of responsibility. Everyone has risks and pressures, and everyone is encouraged to work hard. External customers' fund-raising is mainly to let customers advance payment or service fees in advance, and then offset them with the products and services provided.
The secret of effective fundraising
Before starting a business, what should you do if all your savings are not enough, your relatives and friends have no extra money to lend you, and you have no collateral to borrow from the bank? The solution is always more difficult than it is. God won't close one door, but he will open another. As long as you use your brain, be good at learning and broaden your thinking, you will find many ingenious and very effective financing methods to realize your entrepreneurial dream.
Good credit provides various conveniences for starting a business.
Good credit and business reputation are priceless to entrepreneurs. With it, you can effectively persuade others to provide various conveniences for your business.
1924, Donald Hilton plans to build the first hotel with the brand of "Hilton". He bought a piece of land, but soon after he started construction, he met with financial difficulties, so he thought of his own contribution. Prior to this, Hilton paid great attention to credit in its operation, and his credit has been widely praised by people.
Hilton first asked the legal adviser of the land seller to publicize his reputation and good management in front of the owner, and then went to the door to meet the land seller Laudemick. Hilton described in detail the prospect of building a luxury hotel, which caused boos from the other side. Hilton saw that the other party recognized her credit, so she raised her own financial difficulties and wanted to change the land purchase to land lease, with a lease term of 99 years and installment payment.
Laudmick thinks this is also a good idea. He can not only keep the ownership of the land, but also take back the land and hotel when Hilton fails to pay on time. Laudemick believed in Hilton's credit and ability, so he agreed, and the Hilton Hotel was thus established and developed into a world-famous hotel.
Franchise chain management
As the saying goes, "Keep your back against a big tree to enjoy the cool". In order to expand market share, many large companies are choosing chain operation to expand themselves. In order to effectively and quickly expand the coverage of chain operation, they widely attract individual owners to join the operation. To this end, they often provide franchisees with a series of concessions. These offers are either free or free of charge. Although it is not direct financial support, it is equivalent to obtaining a rare fund for entrepreneurs who lack funds. Mr. Wu's income is not high, and he has always wanted to open a small shop to make money to subsidize his family. After a period of observation, he found a pot-stewed restaurant near the food market in Gulou District, and he planned to open a pot-stewed restaurant. However, to open a self-made and self-selling pot-stewed food shop requires not only a lot of investment, but also all aspects of procurement, processing and sales. In addition, I don't know the production technology of braised cooked food.
Later, through a friend's introduction, Mr. Wu opened a "Bulao Chicken" chain store in Beiqiao Farmers' Market by joining. As a result of joining the chain operation, the commodity rationing system was implemented. To this end, Mr. Wu not only saved more than 50 thousand yuan in equipment costs for making braised dishes, but also saved several thousand yuan in working capital. Considering his family difficulties, the company also saved him nearly 10,000 yuan in joining fees.
In fact, Mr. Wu received more than 60,000 yuan in financial aid. He only spent about 18000 yuan to open a pot-stewed shop that others had to invest 78000 yuan to open.
At present, many banks also actively participate in franchising and provide loans for entrepreneurs. This kind of loan can kill three birds with one stone: banks can get safer channels of credit funds; Borrowers can achieve the purpose of investment and entrepreneurship through bank loans; The enterprise has achieved the goal of selling its own products.
Not long ago, Industrial and Commercial Bank of Shanghai and Kodak jointly launched a business support loan, which was welcomed. With a personal investment of 99,000 yuan, Kodak can help it build a color printing shop. Most importantly, this investment of 99,000 yuan can be obtained by applying for a loan from ICBC.
Bank of China also cooperates with Kodak (China) Company and Nippon (China) Company to provide loans to investors who want to open Kodak color fast printing shops or Nippon paint distribution shops nationwide. In this case, as long as it is approved by Kodak and Japanese companies, the borrower can get a loan to buy the relevant equipment without providing any guarantee.
Shanghai Pudong Development Bank's personal venture loan supports Lianhua's convenient joining scheme of "investing 70,000 to be a small boss".
Liquidate the loss-making enterprises that have been taken over
In business activities, there are often some loss-making enterprises, and entrepreneurs can take over these loss-making enterprises and then use them as collateral to realize bank loans and obtain venture capital. Of course, this financing method is risky, and the price of obtaining venture capital is to bear a lot of debts. Song Kai has been engaged in foreign trade leather shoes business for several years, and has accumulated certain business channels, so he plans to open a shoe factory himself. He calculated carefully that running a medium-sized shoe factory needs 6,543,800 yuan of equipment and working capital, plus a factory of not less than 200 square meters.
Through a friend, Song Kai found a heavily indebted box factory in a suburban town and took over the factory in the form of "zero transfer", that is, the town transferred all the movable and immovable property of the factory and the debts of the factory to Song Kai.
The problem of the factory building has been solved, but where does the capital of 6.5438+0 million yuan come from? Song Kai went to the bank for a loan, and the person in charge of credit asked him to provide a guarantee, but where can I find a guarantor? When Song Kai was very anxious, one of his friends reminded him that the assets of the crate factory were collateral.
In this way, Song Kai solved the problem of capital and factory building without spending a penny. Of course, he also bears a heavy debt, which depends on his efforts to repay it slowly in the future.
Looking for venture capital
Now many large companies, groups and even individuals have a lot of idle funds in their hands, and they also hope to find a reliable investment target. So, if you have a good project, you might as well look for venture capital.
How to find venture capital? Entrepreneurs can be introduced by relatives and friends, can also entrust a special venture capital company as an agent, and can also advertise to raise funds appropriately. Or Zhang Qinghua is an employee of a grain and oil food store. In recent years, the store has suffered losses year after year, and the superior company decided to auction the store. Zhang Qinghua believes that the store has an ideal geographical location, and the loss is mainly due to improper management. As long as the variety structure of the store is adjusted and the internal management of the store is strengthened, it can be completely profitable.
But if you want to get the store, you must have at least 600 thousand funds, which is obviously beyond your own strength. Then, Zhang Qinghua thought of his former classmate Chou Ying. Chou Ying is now a director of a group company, so it shouldn't be a problem to borrow several hundred thousand yuan from him. After learning of Zhang Qinghua's purpose, Chou Ying said that the use of group funds must be discussed by the board of directors, and it is generally difficult to borrow funds through the board of directors. It is possible to participate in cooperative bidding in the form of joint venture. A month later, with the support of venture capital of 6,543,800 yuan, Zhang Qinghua won the grain and oil food store in one fell swoop and realized his wish to be the boss.
Publish information about seeking capital on the Internet.
Of course, investors can also contact venture capital companies directly. But to convince them, you can't just talk to each other with a few ideas in your mind. You must produce tangible evidence to prove that "my project is feasible and has market prospects." The most practical way is to prepare a written project introduction and plan in advance before talking with the other party. In the process of talking with each other, you can also emphasize your own work experience, social network and other advantages.
Marketing for others before starting a business.
If you don't have the funds to start a business, you can do marketing for others first, and then start a business after accumulating certain funds and experience.
Liu Chuanzhi is a legend who started his own business. He led Lenovo from a small company with a capital of 200,000 yuan 1 1 person to become the largest computer company in China in 14.
Lenovo had no funds at first, so it could only help others sell machines. 1988, Liu Chuanzhi and several hot-blooded men came to Hong Kong with only HK$ 300,000 in their hands. Therefore, when they go to Hong Kong, they can only start with trade, accumulate funds through trade, and learn about overseas markets, just like at home.
Then, Lenovo chose the board business and returned to China, which laid the foundation for the success of Lenovo PC. From the beginning, Liu Chuanzhi was bent on forming an industry, and doing trade was only a stopgap measure. But through trade, Liu Chuanzhi not only accumulated venture capital, but also learned to do business and engage in marketing, and finally achieved "hegemony."
"Snowball" fundraising
Snowballing is a way to raise money by borrowing more money with less money. 1986, when Chen Jinyi borrowed 1 10,000 yuan from relatives and friends to run a honey processing factory, the funds were far from enough. He ran to the market on his own two legs to find the source of bees, and finally accumulated 30 thousand yuan. Then, he used this 30,000 yuan as collateral and borrowed 60,000 yuan from the bank. Then the money was mortgaged to another bank, and the loan reached 6.5438+0.2 million yuan.
By snowballing, Chen Jinyi raised enough funds to set up a honey oral liquid processing factory, and finally became one of the 50 richest people in China.
Start a business in a free place
Entrepreneurship is inseparable from the ideal place, and a large amount of investment in the initial stage of entrepreneurship is used to pay rent. Therefore, as long as you can change your mind and get a free business place, it is equivalent to getting a considerable venture capital. Xiao Qian, who graduated from the Horticulture Department of Agricultural University, is not happy to work in a company with different majors, so he really wants to quit his job and open his own flower shop. The flower shop's biggest investment is the store rent, which is about 20 thousand. However, after working for less than a year, where did this 20,000 yuan come from?
From June 5438 to 10, 2000, he saw an advertisement in a flower and bird market in Nanjing, promising that the first batch of people who set up stalls in the market would enjoy preferential treatment of not paying rent for half a year. This is really good news! Penny did not hesitate to apply for a booth and opened a wholesale and retail store for ornamental plants with dignity. Because many of his classmates work in flower production units, they have sufficient resources, high quality and prosperous business.
Strive for unsecured venture loans
It is generally believed that if you want to borrow money from a bank, you must provide your own guarantee or mortgage, but this is not always the case. Now, in order to expand the credit business, some banks take full account of the practical difficulties of entrepreneurs in finding guarantees and take the initiative to find guarantors to provide unsecured loans to those who are interested in starting businesses. When Huang Zhi returned to Shanghai after graduating from university, he never found a satisfactory job. When he saw a small supermarket in his residential area, business was booming. Huang Zhi thought: Why not open a supermarket? However, when asked, the investment in running a small supermarket should be at least 60,000 to 70,000, so we have to give up.
In August 2000, Shanghai Pudong Development Bank signed a contract with Lianhua Convenience to launch a franchise loan business of "investing 70,000 yuan to be a small boss" for entrepreneurs. As Lianhua Convenience provides collective guarantee for entrepreneurs as a partner, Shanghai Pudong Development Bank can provide 70,000 yuan of entrepreneurial loans to applicants who have passed the qualification examination.
Huang Zhi submitted the application immediately after receiving the notice. Two months later, he successfully obtained a loan from Shanghai Pudong Development Bank and opened his own small supermarket on Kongjiang Road.
Strive for government policy support
As an effective means to adjust industrial orientation, local government departments provide certain support funds every year. For example, in recent years, Hangzhou has proposed to build a "Paradise Silicon Valley" with the development of high technology as a key project. The corresponding measures are that Hangzhou and all districts and counties have established "incubation bases" to provide free entrepreneurial parks for promising high-tech talents and allocate a considerable amount of support funds.
If you are a high-tech talent, you might as well strive for such policy support. Once successful, the funding problem will be solved. Professor Li teaches in the computer department of a technological university in Wuxi, but he is not willing to be just a scholar. He also hopes to set up a software company and give full play to his talents. But because of the meager salary, there is no money to start a business.
1997, he learned that Hangzhou will set up a high-tech enterprise incubator base, which will provide three-year rent-free office space for enterprises that have passed the qualification examination, and give some entrepreneurial support funds. This is undoubtedly a rare opportunity to start a business. Professor Li immediately led several outstanding students to set up a software company, which not only successfully entered the office space of Hangzhou Wensan Road in a prime location 100 square meters, but also obtained 654.38+10,000 yuan of support funds, which was just used as venture capital.
—— Quoted from Yanbian People's Publishing House "Everyone Can Be Successful"