Outpatient clinics often need to check 24-hour urine protein quantification, and its importance has been elaborated in another article. The process of checking 24-hour urine protein quantification is complicated and cumbersome, and many patients are still not clear about it. Especially patients who have just started to see a specialist clinic will have many questions. Here we will specifically talk about the methods and precautions for 24-hour urine collection.
1. 24-hour urine collection method
1. Usually use the method of "removing the head and leaving the tail" to collect 24-hour urine, and arrange a day to be at home. Urinate and discard the urine for the first time after getting up in the morning. At the same time, record the time and prepare a clean open container (such as a washbasin, spittoon, etc.). When you need to urinate for the second time, drain the urine into the prepared container. (If the temperature is greater than 30 degrees Celsius, preservatives need to be put in at the same time and mixed with the urine to prevent the urine from going rancid.) From now on, every time you urinate, you will discharge it into this container until you arrive at the first place of the previous day the next morning. At the time of urination, no matter how much urine is discharged into the container, the collected urine is 24-hour urine. All the urine is put into a large-capacity mineral water bottle, capped and sent to the hospital outpatient laboratory for testing. Sometimes the urine output is large and you need to prepare a few more mineral water bottles. Gao Yiyi, Department of Nephrology, Li Huili Eastern Hospital, Ningbo Medical Center
2. Example: Get up at 7:00 in the morning on May 9th, void the urine and discard it, and keep every urine in the washbasin (Chapter 2) As soon as you urinate into the basin, add preservatives and mix well. If there is no preservative, you can put the small basin containing urine into the freshness compartment of the refrigerator) until 7:00 a.m. on May 10, when the last urine is discharged into the basin. All collected urine is put into clean mineral water bottles prepared in advance and sent to the hospital laboratory department.
2. Precautions
1. If the temperature exceeds 30 degrees Celsius and the urine collection process requires antisepsis, preservatives should be added. Preservatives are dangerous chemicals and are easy to evaporate. If you collect them in advance, they will evaporate a few days later. Therefore, you should go to the laboratory to collect the urine with the paid test form 1-2 days before collecting urine, and collect the next one one month in advance. All preservatives will evaporate and will not produce a preservative effect. If it is winter or the temperature is below 30 degrees Celsius, collecting 24-hour urine does not require preservation.
2. If there is no preservative, you can use a small basin to put in the fresh-keeping room of the refrigerator. When urinating, take out the small basin, urinate into the small basin and then put it into the fresh-keeping room. Note that the small basin should be covered to prevent urination. The liquid is condensed by the refrigerator. If the journey to the hospital for examination is long and takes more than 1 hour, ice must be placed outside the urine bottle to keep it fresh.
3. Some patients misunderstand that taking a part of all urine is sent to the hospital. This is wrong unless you have a more accurate measuring cup or scale that can measure the total volume or weight of urine in 24 hours and record it. After accurate total amount, mix well and take a small bottle for inspection.
4. If the patient’s antisepsis problem is difficult to solve, and the local area has the conditions to conduct a 24-hour urine protein quantitative examination, the results can be brought to the outpatient clinic after the local examination.
5. If a female patient encounters menstruation, the time should be postponed until the menstruation is completely clear before collecting urine. Generally, during the menstrual period and 1 day before menstruation, and 2 days after menstruation, urine is easily contaminated and the results are unreliable. Urine collection during this period should be avoided.
6. The total urine volume in 24 hours has a certain impact on the results. There is no need to deliberately drink more or less water. It is appropriate to keep the urine volume at 1000-2000ml/24 hours. On the day when the urine is collected, there is no need to control your diet. You can just eat a normal diet, but you need to avoid overeating high in protein.
7. If there is an error in urine output, such as missing a urine collection, you need to roughly estimate the approximate number of milliliters of urine that was missed. Our doctor will help you correct it when the results come out.