Warren said that nanotechnology is a hot topic all over the world. The so-called nanotechnology refers to the science and technology of making new materials or micro devices with thousands of molecules or atoms. Nanotechnology involves a wide range, and nanomaterials are only a part of it, but they are the foundation of the development of nanotechnology. At present, the Department of Materials of Oxford University has studied more than 40 nanotechnology projects, including ultrafine films, carbon nanotubes, nano-ceramics, metal nanocrystals, quantum dot wires and so on.
The thickness of ultrafine films is usually only 1 nm-5 nm, even 1 molecule or 1 atom. Ultrafine films can be organic or inorganic, and have a wide range of uses. For example, nano-monolayers deposited on semiconductors can be used to manufacture solar cells, which is of great significance for developing new clean energy sources; Depositing several thin films on different materials can form multi-layer thin films with special magnetism, which is the basic material for manufacturing high-density disks. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are microtubules with a diameter of only a few nanometers, which are made of carbon 60 molecules and are one of the hot spots in nano-materials research. Compared with other materials, carbon nanotubes have special mechanical, electronic and chemical properties, and can be made into high-strength fibers with conductor, semiconductor or insulator characteristics. They have broad application prospects in sensors, lithium-ion batteries, field emission displays, reinforced composites and other fields, so they have attracted extensive attention in industry. At present, although carbon nanotubes are still in the research stage, many research results have shown good application prospects. Ceramic materials are usually hard and fragile, but the nano-ceramic materials pressed by nano-particles have good toughness, and some of them can be greatly bent without breaking, showing the flexibility and machinability of metals.
Nanotechnology has a broad application prospect in modern science and technology and industry. For example, in the field of information technology, it is predicted that in about 10, the widely used data processing and storage technologies will reach the ultimate limit. In order to obtain more powerful information processing capabilities, people are developing DNA computers and quantum computers, both of which require the technical ability to control single molecules and atoms.
Sensor is an important field of nanotechnology application. With the progress of nanotechnology, micro-sensors with lower cost and stronger functions will be widely used in all aspects of social life. For example, installing micro-sensors in the packaging box can track and supervise the transportation process of valuables through global positioning system; Smart tires can be made by installing micro-sensors in automobile tires, which will tell drivers when tires need to be replaced or inflated. There are also some micro sensors that can withstand harsh environment and can be placed in the cylinder of the engine to monitor the working efficiency of the engine. In the field of food industry, this kind of microsensor can be used to monitor whether food has gone bad, for example, it can be installed on the bottle cap to judge the state of wine.
In the field of medical technology, nanotechnology also has broad application prospects. For example, micro-robots made of nanotechnology can safely enter the human body to detect health conditions, and can also be used for direct treatment if necessary; The "lab on a chip" made of nanotechnology can detect blood and viruses, and the test results can be obtained in a few minutes; Scientists can also use nanomaterials to develop a new drug delivery system. This drug delivery system consists of a nanosphere containing drugs. This kind of nanosphere has a protective coating outside, which can circulate in the blood and will not be attacked by the human immune system. If it has the ability to identify cancer cells, it can directly deliver drugs to cancerous sites without damaging healthy tissues.
In addition, nanotechnology is also widely used in industrial manufacturing, national defense construction, environmental monitoring, optical devices and flat panel display systems, and plays an important role in the development of science and technology in the 2 1 century.
In order to have a more comprehensive impression of nanotechnology, Dr. Warren took the reporter to visit the nano-materials laboratory. Because the structure of nano-materials is very small, it is invisible to the naked eye under natural light, and it needs the help of a microscope to observe and operate. When I entered the laboratory, the first thing I saw was an instrument called "nano-knife". During the visit, researchers are using it to cut sub-micron square holes on the material surface of electronic equipment in order to analyze the material composition of the equipment. In another laboratory, there are many transmission electron microscopes, which a researcher is using to study the internal structure of magnetic thin films. Next, we visited the atom probe field ion microscope. With this instrument, we can analyze the material structure by moving atoms and forming three-dimensional images. In another laboratory, researchers are using scanning probe microscope to observe and manipulate individual atoms on the plane and directly measure the force between atoms. It is particularly worth mentioning that Oxford University not only has a solid scientific research foundation, but also has a strong instrument manufacturing strength. Many instruments here are developed by ourselves, and some of them are at the leading level in the world.
In recent years, in order to realize the industrialization of nanotechnology, Oxford University attaches great importance to the transformation of scientific research results while strengthening basic research. In June this year, they established a new science park focusing on materials science. In the science park, researchers work closely with the business community. On the one hand, they develop scientific research achievements of universities, on the other hand, they develop new projects according to the needs of enterprises and markets. At present, the research here involves biomedicine, packaging, telecommunications, power generation, aerospace, automobiles, computers and many other fields, some of which have great development potential. For example, a company established by the Materials Department is now engaged in the commercialization research of nano-particle luminescent agents. This nanoparticle luminescent agent is mainly used in flat panel display systems. It is more efficient than the traditional luminescent agent and has a good application prospect.
According to research, by 20 10, nanotechnology will become the second largest industry in the world after chip manufacturing, with a market share of tens of billions of pounds. Therefore, in July this year, the British Ministry of Trade and Industry has listed nanotechnology as the focus of scientific and technological development in the 2/kloc-0 century in the newly released White Paper on Science, Technology and Innovation, so as to accelerate the development in this field. As predicted by scientists, nanotechnology, a new high-tech field, will become a new science and technology star in 2 1 century.
What are the uses of nano aluminum powder? Nano-aluminum powder is a very fine special fine chemical, which is mainly used in aerospace, microelectronics and other industries. For details, you'd better ask the aluminum powder manufacturers, such as Henan Ocean Shipping and Shandong Yin Jian.
The application of nano-gold in life is applied to homogeneous sol particle immunoassay technology. Sol particle immunoassay (SPIA) is based on the principle that the color of gold particles decreases due to agglutination during the immune reaction. Gold nanoparticles are combined with antibodies, and a micro agglutination test is established to detect the corresponding antigens. Like indirect agglutination, agglutinated particles can be directly observed with the naked eye. It has been successfully applied to the detection of PCG, and directly analyzed by spectrophotometer. L.3 is applied to flow cytometry. Counting and analyzing cell surface antigens by flow cytometry is one of the important technologies in immunological research. However, because the spectra of different fluoresceins overlap with each other, it is difficult to distinguish different markers. Boehmer and others found that nano-gold can obviously change the scattering angle of red laser light. The goat anti-mouse Ig antibody labeled with gold nanoparticles was applied to analyze the surface antigens of different types of cells by flow cytometry. Results At the wavelength of 632nm, the 90-degree scattering angle of gold nanoparticles labeled cells can be amplified by more than 10 times, and the cell activity is not affected. But also does not interfere with fluorescein. Therefore, nano-gold can be used as an effective marker for multi-index cell analysis and sorting, and analyze various cell surface markers and cell inclusions. 1.4 was used for dot immunogold silver staining. Dot IGS is a method that combines dot ELISA with immune gold nanoparticles. The protein antigen was directly spotted on the nitrocellulose membrane, and after reacting with the specific antibody, the second antibody labeled with Ghana Gold was added dropwise. As a result, gold particles gather at the reaction of antigen and antibody, forming red spots visible to the naked eye, which are called spot IGS. This reaction can be enhanced by silver developer, i.e. dot IGS/IGSS. 1.5 immunoblotting (IBT), also known as immunoextension technology, is based on the principle that different antigens have different molecular weights and walk at different speeds in electrophoresis, so they occupy different positions on nitrocellulose membranes; When serum containing specific antibody reacts with this membrane, the specific antigen-antibody reaction will be colored. However, compared with enzyme-labeled immunoblotting, gold nanoparticles immunoblotting is simple, rapid and highly sensitive. In addition, the unreacted antibody on nitrocellulose membrane was dyed with gold nanoparticles to evaluate the membrane transfer efficiency and correct the optical density curve of antigen-antibody reaction, so that quantitative immunoblotting can be carried out. The application of 1.6 in dot immunofiltration assay (DIGFA) is a kind of dot immunofiltration assay (DIBA) and a new immunological technique developed by Hawkes et al. on the basis of 1982 immunoblot. Its principle is exactly the same as dot immunogold staining, except that there is a pad with strong water absorption under the nitrocellulose membrane, which is the soaker. After adding the antigen (antibody), quickly add the antibody (antigen), and then add the second antibody marked with gold. Due to the percolation device, the reaction speed is fast, and the color reaction can be displayed within a few minutes. Compared with DIFA, the difference is that the red colloidal gold probe is directly used to develop color without adding substrate solution, and the results are bright and the background is clearer, which can be stored at room temperature. This method has been successfully applied to the detection of human immunodeficiency virus (HI) and alpha-fetoprotein in human serum. At present, HCG kit, AFP kit and digestive tract tumor screening kit are used. 1.7 colloidal gold immunochromatography (GICA) is applied to immunochromatography technology. Various reaction reagents are fixed in strips on the same test strip, and the sample to be tested is added to one end of the test strip. After one reagent is dissolved, it percolates on the test strip through capillary action and migrates to contact with another reagent on the membrane. The analyte in the sample has the same receptor (such as antigen or antibody) on the chromatographic material. In the process of chromatography, immune complexes are captured and gathered in a certain area (detection area) of chromatographic materials, and intuitive color results are obtained by visual nano-gold labeling. While the free label passes through the detection zone to achieve the purpose of automatic separation from the combined label. GICA is characterized by single reagent and one-step operation, and all reagents can be stored at room temperature for a long time. This new method pushes the immunoassay of gold nanoparticles to a new stage.
They are all searched online, and this is someone else's answer.
What is the purpose and use of nano-microporous thermal insulation felt? Nano-thermal insulation felt is generally used for insulation of equipment and pipelines that need certain bending, such as ladle insulation, pipeline insulation, reactor insulation and so on. Energy-saving nano-microporous thermal insulation felt is the best high-temperature thermal insulation material, which is plate-shaped and shaped. This product is widely used, including heating furnace, test furnace, black box, elevator fire door, electric porcelain furnace heating plate, ship, machinery, casting, metallurgy and other thermal equipment, and can also be used for refrigeration equipment. The effect of refrigeration is quite obvious.
Nano-copper with superplastic ductility is used after metal materials are produced. If it is to be applied to practical production, it needs to be processed into various shapes. The usual processing methods are nothing more than turning, milling, planing, grinding pliers and forging, casting and welding, but the processing of some special shapes is very difficult, and it is almost impossible to process them by the usual methods, or the cost is unacceptable. Superplastic technology can solve this problem to some extent. Some metal products with special shapes can be produced by superplastic method, but they can also be produced by superplastic method.
The same is true of super-plastic and ductile nano-copper, and there are many things that can be done, but the specific situation is analyzed. It is usually used to make things with complex shapes, which cannot be processed by ordinary methods.
What are the uses of nano insulation board? Gute energy-saving nano insulation board is widely used, including heating furnace, experimental furnace, black box, elevator fire door, electric porcelain furnace heating plate, ship, machinery, casting, metallurgy and other thermal equipment, and can also be used for refrigeration equipment. The effect of refrigeration is quite obvious.
What are the uses of BTU nano insulation board? Gute energy-saving BTU nano insulation board is widely used, including heating furnace, experimental furnace, black box, elevator fire door, electric porcelain furnace heating plate, ship, machinery, casting, metallurgy and other thermal equipment, and can also be used for refrigeration equipment. The effect of refrigeration is quite obvious.
Application of nanomaterials in various industries Nanomaterials have a wide range of applications, including:
The application of nanotechnology in medicine can make the production process of drugs more and more elaborate, and directly use the arrangement of atoms and molecules to manufacture drugs with specific functions on the scale of nano-materials. Nano-material particles will make the transportation of drugs in human body more convenient. Smart drugs wrapped in several layers of nano-particles can actively search and attack cancer cells or repair damaged tissues after entering human body. New diagnostic instruments using nanotechnology can diagnose various diseases by using protein and DNA in a small amount of blood.
Nano-materials Multifunctional plastics made of nano-materials for household appliances have antibacterial, deodorizing, anti-corrosive, anti-aging and anti-ultraviolet effects, and can be used as antibacterial and deodorizing plastics in electric creams and air conditioning housings.
Computers and electronics industries can read cards from hard disks, and nano-material memory chips with storage capacity thousands of times that of current chips have been put into production. After the widespread use of nano-materials, computers can be simplified as "handheld computers".
Nanofilms with unique functions will appear in the fields of environmental protection and environmental science. This membrane can detect pollution caused by chemical and biological agents, and can filter these agents to eliminate pollution.
In textile industry, nano-silica, nano-zinc oxide and nano-silica composite powder materials are added to synthetic fiber resin. After spinning, it can be made into underwear and clothing with sterilization, mildew resistance, odor resistance and ultraviolet radiation resistance, which can be used to make antibacterial underwear and articles, and can also be made into functional fiber with ultraviolet radiation resistance to meet the requirements of national defense industry.
Nano-material technology is applied in machinery industry, and coating nano-powder on the metal surface of key mechanical parts can improve the wear resistance, hardness and service life of mechanical equipment.
In order to promote the industrialization of functional nano-materials in China, China Commodity Exchange Center and Institute of Chemistry of Chinese Academy of Sciences jointly established Beijing Upper Medieval Nano-Technology Co., Ltd., which will devote itself to the technology, development and popularization of functional nano-interface materials relying on the research group of functional nano-interface materials of Institute of Chemistry of Chinese Academy of Sciences.
What are the uses of nano microporous thermal insulation felt? Gute energy-saving nano-microporous thermal insulation material is the best high-temperature thermal insulation material, which is plate-shaped and shaped. This product is widely used, including heating furnace, test furnace, black box, elevator fire door, electric porcelain furnace heating plate, ship, machinery, casting, metallurgy and other thermal equipment, and can also be used for refrigeration equipment. The effect of refrigeration is quite obvious.
What's the use of nano? What is nano? Nanometer is a unit of measurement for size or dimension, which is one billionth of a meter (kilometer → meter → centimeter → millimeter → micron → nanometer), four times the size of atoms and one tenth of the thickness of hair.