Why is gunpowder an accessory? This is because alchemists mainly want to refine the elixir of life. Dan pill is refined here, and gunpowder is quietly born here. The discovery of gunpowder has made the development of artillery a part of the development history of human weapons, but do you know? Early artillery was not fired through the gun bore and barrel, but was projected by loading gunpowder into the trebuchet. This is the earliest artillery.
After China invented gunpowder in the 8th century, he gradually began to use a trebuchet to launch gunpowder bombs. In Tang Aidi, Zheng Kun attacked Zhang Yu. Fire dragon and shaman? , this kind? Engine Fei Huo? It does not refer to tubular guns and shells, but to gunpowder balls thrown by catapults called guns.
In the first year of Song Longxing (1 163), the flint cannon made by Weisheng when he was stationed in Haizhou also refers to the trebuchet and the shells it threw, not the tubular artillery today. However, the tube gun is the early prototype of modern artillery. The earliest tubular gun originated from the musket in the Southern Song Dynasty and the ware in the Yuan Dynasty, both of which were also called fire pipes. According to Needham, the earliest metal utensils in the world were unearthed in Heilongjiang, China. Made in the second year of Yuan Dade (1298), now in Heilongjiang Provincial Museum. During the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, artifacts developed to individual soldiers and large-scale objects respectively. The famous large-scale utensil in Yuan Dynasty was the bowl-mouth utensil. After the appearance of large-scale artifacts, they also inherited the names of artillery and cannon.
The British began to manufacture metal artillery as early as 1326, and used similar gadgets in the besieged battlefield of Chivda Leder in 133 1 year. At the same time, in the European literature of14th century, there are guns used in siege campaigns. 1326, Florence, Italy ordered metal cannons, and the transaction documents are still preserved.
1327, in the famous battle of keresey in the Hundred Years' War between Britain and France, Edward III fought the Scots and used a lot of artillery. At the end of Yuan Dynasty (1332), the army was equipped with a kind of metal barrel gun-bronze ware (caliber 105 mm, smooth bore and front bore gun), which was one of the founders of today's artillery. When artillery first entered the European battlefield, it was roughly divided into two types: pike and mortar. The casting method of pike is similar to that of bucket, and then the barrel hoop is used to strengthen the gun body.
Mortar guns are made directly from bronze (lost wax method). Modern artillery comes from 1897 French cannon French 75. It is equipped with a hydraulic shock absorber, which can greatly reduce the recoil when shooting. This shock absorber originated from a German engineer. He originally wanted to sell the patent to Krupp Arms Company, but Krupp Company thought there were still problems with the design. Later, the French artillery lieutenant colonel studied the skipped patent and designed a new shock absorber for the artillery. This technology is successful in 1897.