Xanthate was first synthesized by Zeiss in 18 15. Because its color is yellow, it is called xanthate, which comes from Greek and means yellow. In the general formula, Me is sodium or potassium, some of which are made into ammonium salts, and R is alkyl, alkylaryl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, etc. Different sizes. Commonly used are ethyl xanthate, butyl xanthate, isopropyl xanthate, isobutyl xanthate, pentyl xanthate, hexyl xanthate and so on. The scientific name of alkyl xanthate or alkyl dithiocarbonate is considered to be a derivative in which two oxygen atoms in carbonic acid are replaced by sulfur. Xanthate is widely used as vulcanization accelerator in rubber industry, precipitant and colorimeter for metal ions such as copper and nickel in analytical chemistry, reagent for precipitating cobalt and nickel from solution in metallurgical industry, and sodium cellulose xanthate as artificial fiber. It is generally believed that the application of xanthate as a collector in flotation began with 1924, and Keller's patent was registered in the United States. In 1929, Foster published a method for manufacturing xanthate and its organic thiocarbonate. Xanthate is the most widely used collector for sulfide ore at present. It is estimated that there are tens of thousands to nearly one hundred thousand tons of xanthate used in flotation every year in the world. There are more than ten kinds of commonly used yellow drugs in terms of basic components, and there are also many commodity brands. The molecular structure of xanthate is closely related to flotation performance. Generally speaking, the longer the carbon chain in xanthate molecule, the stronger its collecting ability, that is, it increases with the increase of alcohol molecular weight. Branched isomers have stronger collecting effect than straight chains.
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