A. Shape analogy C. Function analogy? D. Structural analogy
Direct analogy is to find something similar to the object of invention from nature or existing inventions, and create something new through direct analogy.
For example, the Yang Changji of grain is obtained by direct analogy with artificial lifting. In medicine, the "percussion method" of tapping patients' chest and abdomen to diagnose whether there is ascites is a direct analogy with the sound of tapping wine barrels in hotels to judge the quantity.
Inventions and creations by direct analogy include:
For example:
Fishbone → needle
Thatched edge → tooth saw
Wu → airplane photography → movies.
Fish → submarine
Egg shell imitation egg roof
Leaf structure → umbrella
Comb mat under scissors to cut hair → safety razor.
In life, people can make themselves consciously analogize. When they want to create something and their ideas are exhausted, they can directly find their counterparts with similar objects and purposes from natural or man-made objects through analogy to avoid the lack of imagination.
There is a shepherd boy named jeffers in America. His job is to drive the sheep to the pasture every day and supervise the sheep not to cross the wire fence of the pasture and eat in the adjacent vegetable garden.
One day, jeffries Jr. unconsciously fell asleep on the pasture. I don't know how long it took, but he was awakened by a roar. I saw the boss glaring and yelling loudly: "You useless thing, the vegetable garden has been messed up by sheep, and you are still sleeping here!" " "
Little Jeffery was too scared to answer.
After what happened, the clever little jeffries thought, how can we stop the sheep from crossing the wire fence? He found that there was no stronger fence where there were roses, but the sheep never crossed it because they were afraid of the thorns of roses. "Yes," little Jeffery jumped up happily. "If you add some thorns to the wire, you can stop the sheep."
So, he first cut the wire into small pieces of about 5 cm, and then tied it to be stabbed. After tying the knot, when he herded the sheep again, he found that the sheep tried to cross the wire fence to go to the vegetable garden at first, but they were stabbed every time and shrank back in horror. After being stabbed many times, the sheep never dared to cross the wire fence again.
Jeffries Jr. succeeded.
Six months later, he applied for this patent and was approved. Later, this barbed wire became popular all over the world. Direct analogy is the most commonly used method in analogical thinking, and it is also a relatively simple method, but it plays a great creative role and is applied to various fields.