What are the uses of molybdenum?

1. The most important use of molybdenum as a steel additive is as an alloy additive. All molybdenum-containing steels account for110 of the world crude steel output. Alloy steel: molybdenum consumption is the largest, accounting for 44% of the world's total molybdenum consumption, accounting for more than half of the molybdenum addition in steel. Stainless steel accounts for about 22% of the total molybdenum consumption. Such as oil refining, natural gas wells, oil wells, aircraft engines, marine equipment, chemical equipment and other places with serious corrosion. 2. Molybdenum and molybdenum-based alloys account for about 6% of the total molybdenum consumption in the world. Molybdenum has the advantages of high melting point and boiling point, good high-temperature strength, friction corrosion resistance, high thermal conductivity, small thermal expansion coefficient and good hardenability, and is widely used in aerospace, weapons, electronics, chemical industry and other fields. When recovering satellites and re-entering the atmosphere, we must overcome the erosion of hot air. Therefore, it is required to withstand vibration, impact, vacuum, radiation and temperature alternation. Molybdenum-based alloy is often used to make the skin of the stable skirt of satellite recovery cabin. TZM molybdenum alloy is also used to manufacture the nozzle of solid fuel rocket engine of space rocket or space shuttle, the nose cone of rocket, the leading edge of aircraft, rudder, heat shield, honeycomb structure and so on. Thirdly, molybdenum chemicals account for about 10% of the total molybdenum consumption, and about half of them are used as lubricants, followed by catalysts, pigments, corrosion inhibitors and reagents [/h], which have the advantages of heavy load resistance, direct air resistance and radiation protection. Widely used as the king of solid lubrication. Catalyst: Molybdenum compound is one of the most widely used catalysts. As early as 19 10, Badishe published a patent of molybdenum compound as catalyst for ammonia synthesis process. Up to now, nCo2O3mMoO is still widely used in synthetic ammonia industry. As a diesel hydrodesulfurization catalyst 1 and a lubricant, high-purity molybdenum disulfide powder has the characteristics of wide temperature adaptability, heavy load resistance, direct air resistance and radiation protection, and is known as the king of solid lubrication. 2. Catalyst: Molybdenum compound is one of the most widely used catalysts. As early as 19 10, as a catalyst for hydrodesulfurization of raw gas oil, nCo2O3mMoO is still widely used in ammonia synthesis industry. 3. Pigments: chrome yellow and cadmium yellow are the most commonly used inorganic yellow pigments in the world. Lead, chromium and cadmium are highly toxic. In the voice of environmental protection, the development of non-toxic pigments is very important. 4. Micro-fertilizer: Plant organisms are composed of more than 60 elements, and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are the three major fertilizers for plants. A few elements, such as boron, manganese, zinc, copper, cobalt, molybdenum and iodine, are called seven micronutrients, and people begin to pay attention to them. 5. Others: Black molybdenum film as a dark mirror for solar energy conversion. Effective photothermal solar energy conversion, high solar energy absorption rate needs to match high infrared reflectivity, and black molybdenum film is the best material expansion information at present: [In oxidation state, molybdenum may be in +6 valence state. Although it is likely to be reduced to +5 valence state first in the process of electron transfer. However, other oxidation states of molybdenum were also found in reductase. Molybdenum is a component of xanthine oxidase/dehydrogenase, aldehyde oxidase and sulfite oxidase, so it is known to be an essential trace element for human body, animals and plants. The biological characteristics of molybdenum are also very important. It is not only an essential trace element for plants, but also an essential element for animals. Molybdenum is one of the main components of molybdenum flavoprotein protease in plant nitrogen-fixing bacteria. It is also one of the main components of nitrate reductase in plants; It can also stimulate phosphatase activity and promote the synthesis and transportation of sugar and starch in crops; Early-maturing molybdenum is one of seven important trace elements beneficial to crops. Molybdenum is also one of the basic components of xanthine oxidase and aldehyde oxidase in animal liver and intestine, and it is also the basic component of heparin sulfite oxidase. Studies have shown that molybdenum also has obvious caries prevention effect and has a strong inhibitory effect on the formation of urinary calculi. People get kidney calculi easily because of lack of molybdenum. A healthy person weighing 70 kg contains 9 mg of molybdenum. For human beings, molybdenum is the only known essential element among the second and third transition elements. Compared with similar transition elements, molybdenum has extremely low toxicity and can even be considered as basically non-toxic. Of course, excessive intake will also accelerate the oxidation of acetal phospholipids, an elastic substance in the arterial wall of human body. Therefore, in areas with high molybdenum content in soil, the incidence of cancer is low, but the incidence of gout and systemic arteriosclerosis is high. However, animals, especially longhorns, eat too much molybdenum-containing forage and are prone to stomach problems.