The development history of 5G is as follows:
In February 2013, the European Union announced that it would allocate 50 million euros. Accelerate the development of 5G mobile technology and plan to launch a mature standard by 2020.
On May 13, 2013, South Korea's Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. announced that it had successfully developed the core technology of the fifth generation mobile communications (5G). This technology is expected to be commercialized in 2020.
This technology can transmit data at a speed of more than 1Gbps per second in the 28GHz ultra-high frequency band, and the maximum transmission distance can be up to 2 kilometers. By comparison, current fourth-generation long-term evolution (4GLTE) services offer transfer rates of just 75Mbps.
This transmission bottleneck was previously considered a technical problem by the industry, but Samsung Electronics has solved this problem using adaptive array transmission technology with 64 antenna units.
Compared with the transmission speed of South Korea’s 4G technology, 5G technology is expected to provide speeds 100 times faster than 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE). Using this technology, it only takes ten seconds to download a high-definition (HD) movie.
As early as 2009, Huawei had already launched early research on related technologies, and in the following years demonstrated 5G prototype base stations to the outside world.
Huawei announced on November 6, 2013 that it would invest US$600 million in research, development and innovation of 5G technology by 2018, and predicted that users would enjoy 20Gbps commercial 5G mobile networks in 2020.
On May 8, 2014, Japanese telecom operator NTT DoCoMo officially announced that it would cooperate with six manufacturers including Ericsson, Nokia, and Samsung to begin testing a network carrying capacity that is 1,000 times higher than the existing 4G network. With the high-speed 5G network, the transmission speed is expected to increase to 10Gbps.
Outdoor testing is expected to begin in 2015, with operations expected to begin in 2020.
On March 1, 2015, the British "Daily Mail" reported that the United Kingdom has successfully developed a 5G network and conducted data transmission tests within 100 meters. The data transmission per second is up to 125GB, which is the highest in 4G networks. 65,000 times. In theory, 30 movies can be downloaded in one second. It is said to be put into public testing in 2018 and officially put into commercial use in 2020.
On March 3, 2015, EU Commissioner for Digital Economy and Society Guze Ottinger officially announced the EU’s 5G company cooperation vision, striving to ensure Europe’s say in the global standards for next-generation mobile technology .
Ottinger said that the vision of 5G public-private cooperation not only involves the integration of optical fiber, wireless and even satellite communication networks, but also uses software-defined networking (SDN), network function virtualization (NFV), mobile edge computing ( MEC) and fog computing (Fog Computing) and other technologies.
In the field of spectrum, the EU's 5G public-private cooperation vision will also delineate hundreds of megahertz for improving network performance, and frequency bands of 60 GHz and higher will also be taken into consideration.
The EU’s 5G network will be put into operation between 2020 and 2025.
On September 7, 2015, the U.S. mobile operator Verizon Wireless announced that it will begin trialling 5G networks in 2016 and will be fully commercialized in some U.S. cities in 2017.
my country's 5G technology research and development tests will be carried out from 2016 to 2018, and will be implemented in three stages: 5G key technology testing, 5G technical solution verification and 5G system verification.
In March 2016, Chen Zhaoxiong, Vice Minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, said: 5G is the main direction of the development of new generation mobile communication technology and an important part of the future new generation of information infrastructure.
Compared with 4G, it will not only further improve users’ network experience, but also meet the application needs of the Internet of Everything in the future.
From the perspective of user experience, 5G has higher speed and wider bandwidth. It is expected that 5G network speed will be about 10 times higher than 4G. It only takes a few seconds to download a high-definition movie, which can satisfy Consumers demand higher network experiences such as virtual reality and ultra-high-definition video.
From the perspective of industry applications, 5G has higher reliability and lower latency. It can meet the specific needs of industrial applications such as intelligent manufacturing and autonomous driving, broaden the development space of integrated industries, and support the economy and society. Innovation and development.
From the perspective of development trends, 5G is still in the research stage of technical standards. In the next few years, 4G will maintain its dominant position and achieve sustained and rapid development. But 5G is expected to be officially commercialized in 2020.
In 2016, Nokia cooperated with Canadian operator Bell Canada to complete Canada’s first 5G network technology test. The test used spectrum in the 73GHz range, with a data transmission rate six times that of Canada's existing 4G network.
On February 9, 2017, the international communications standards organization 3GPP announced the official logo of “5G”.
On November 15, 2017, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the "Notice on Matters Related to the Use of the 3300-3600MHz and 4800-5000MHz Frequency Bands in the Fifth Generation Mobile Communication System", which determined that the 5G mid-frequency spectrum can take into account system coverage and large-scale Basic requirements for capacity.
In late November 2017, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China issued a notice to officially launch the third phase of 5G technology research and development testing, and strive to achieve the basic goals of the third phase of testing by the end of 2018. ?
On December 21, 2017, at the 78th plenary meeting of the International Telecommunications Standards Organization 3GPP RAN, the first version of 5G NR was officially frozen and released.
In December 2017, the National Development and Reform Commission issued the "Notice on Organizing and Implementing the New Generation Information Infrastructure Construction Project in 2018", requiring that 5G large-scale networking pilots will be carried out in no less than 5 cities in 2018. The number of 5G base stations in each city is no less than 50, and the number of 5G terminals in the entire network is no less than 500. ?
On February 23, 2018, on the eve of Mobile World Congress, Vodafone and Huawei announced that the two companies had completed the world's first cooperation in Spain using the non-independent 3GPP 5G new wireless standard and the Sub6 GHz frequency band. A 5G call test.
On February 27, 2018, Huawei released the first 3GPP standard 5G commercial chip Balong 5G01 and 5G commercial terminal at the MWC2018 exhibition, supporting the world's mainstream 5G frequency bands, including Sub6GHz (low frequency), mmWave (High frequency), theoretically achieving a data download rate of up to 2.3Gbps.
On June 13, 2018, the 3GPP 5G NR standard SA (Standalone, independent networking) solution was officially completed and released at the 3GPP 80th TSG RAN plenary meeting, marking the first truly complete international The 5G standard is officially released.
On June 14, 2018, the 3GPP plenary meeting (TSG#80) approved the freezing of the fifth-generation mobile communication technology standard (5G NR) independent networking function. Coupled with the non-standalone networking NR standard completed in December 2017, 5G has completed the first phase of full-featured standardization work and entered a new phase of the industry's comprehensive sprint. ?
On June 28, 2018, China Unicom announced its 5G deployment: it will use SA as the target architecture, focus on eMBB in the early stage, and the 5G network is planned to be officially commercialized in 2020. ?
Society’s evaluation of 5G:
Theodore Seizer, vice president of Bell Labs Wireless Research Department, said that 5G will not completely replace 4G and WiFi, but will 4G, WiFi and other networks are integrated into it, bringing users a richer experience.
By integrating 4G, WiFi, etc. into 5G, users do not need to care about the network they are in or manually connect to WiFi networks. The system will automatically connect to the network with the best experience based on the on-site network quality. In the network, seamless switching is truly realized.
Guze Ottinger, EU Commissioner for Digital Economy and Society, said that 5G must be flexible and able to meet the needs of various scenarios such as densely populated areas, sparsely populated areas, and major transportation lines. ?
For the information and communication industry, the information revealed at the 2016 National “Two Sessions” is really exciting. Not only did Premier Li Keqiang point out in the government work report that my country has built the world's largest 4G network and praised 4G, but the "13th Five-Year Plan" outline (draft) clearly stated that it will actively promote the fifth generation of mobile communications (5G) and Research on key ultra-broadband technologies and launch 5G commercial use.
Reference: Baidu Encyclopedia: 5G