People who live in newly renovated houses often worry about impurities such as formaldehyde that pollute the air after renovation. These toxic substances lead to a sharp decline in indoor air quality, which is not only unpleasant and pungent, but also harmful to the body if you stay indoors for a long time. Therefore, we often need to test indoor air quality to ensure our health. So, how to detect indoor air quality? The following small series will teach you two different ways to solve this problem.
Simple method for detecting indoor air quality
For the sake of safety, I suggest you ask a professional testing institution or a management company to do a test. ? If you want to test yourself, give some advice. If you have the following symptoms, it means that the air pollution in your home has seriously exceeded the standard.
1. I feel depressed, nauseous and even dizzy every morning? ;
2, family members are often prone to colds;
3. Although I don't smoke and rarely come into contact with the smoking environment, I often feel uncomfortable such as noise, foreign body sensation and poor breathing.
4. Children at home often cough and sneeze, and their immunity declines. Children in newly renovated houses are unwilling to go home;
5, family members often have skin allergies and other problems, and they are mass-produced;
6. Family member * * * got sick, and after leaving this environment, the symptoms have obviously changed and improved;
7. Newlyweds are not pregnant for a long time and can't find the reason;
8. Pregnant women find fetal malformation under normal pregnancy conditions;
9. After newly moved or renovated, indoor plants are not easy to survive, and leaves are easy to turn yellow and wither, especially some plants with the strongest vitality are difficult to grow normally.
10, the pet cat, dog or tropical fish at home died inexplicably after the new move, and the neighbors died;
12. Newly renovated rooms or newly bought furniture in families and office buildings have harsh, pungent and other irritating smells, which still smell for more than one year.
Professional methods for detecting indoor air quality
Generally speaking, it is necessary to find a qualified and authoritative testing institution recognized by the state. However, due to the small number of such institutions and monopoly in the industry, their prices are generally high, which is unacceptable to ordinary consumers. Generally established detection items are: free formaldehyde, benzene, ammonia, TVOC and radon. But the standards are different. Indoor Air Quality Standard is a new physical, chemical, biological and radioactive index to completely control indoor air. The Code for Indoor Environmental Pollution Control of Civil Building Engineering is a restriction on the above five pollutant indexes, which controls the indoor environmental quality of newly built, expanded and rebuilt civil buildings. In addition, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine (AQSIQ) has formulated ten standards of "Limits of harmful substances in interior decoration materials" to limit the content of harmful substances that cause indoor environmental pollution in decoration materials.
Some suggestions on indoor air quality detection
1. Use formaldehyde detection box and test paper to roughly detect the living environment, except the clean room. Because the existing national standard for building materials is 1.6, and the requirement of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development is 0.08.
2. Since it exceeds the standard, you can only choose to release it for a short time. It is suggested that these compounds and TVOC and other mixed harmful gases brought by decoration should be released within at least 3-6 months.
3. It is suggested to place a pot of chlorophytum or aloe, Long Chaolan and other plants within a unit area of 30 square meters to facilitate the absorption of harmful gases at night.
4. Activated carbon and air purifier have little effect. If the conditions at home are not particularly good, it is recommended not to do it.
In the above, Bian Xiao introduced a simple method and a more professional method to measure indoor air quality. We should establish the items we want to test according to our own needs and different indoor environments. However, no matter which method is used, as long as the indoor environment is polluted or unwell, then the treatment method should be found as soon as possible. If the situation is mild, Bian Xiao suggests that you buy some green plants and put them indoors. Long-term storage can effectively alleviate the poor air quality.
What are the indoor air pollutants? Where can I test it?
Formaldehyde, benzene, volatile organic compounds, ammonia, radon
A, reagent detection box
The value of pollutants can be judged by the comparison of color reaction and colorimetric card, because the sealed reagent is used in it, and it has been delivered for at least one week from the factory to the market, and the reagent it detects is packaged in it, usually 1 month, even last year. However, according to the national standard, the ratio of reagents tested in the laboratory shall not exceed 24 hours. These test boxes themselves are not accurate enough, so how to ensure the accuracy of the test data? In addition, the data obtained by objective factors such as sampling, temperature and humidity, and subjective judgment are quite different. It is generally available on online shopping platforms, and the price ranges from ten yuan to eight yuan. There are not many references to indoor testing value, and it is just a simple detection method.
Second, indoor air environment monitoring equipment
This kind of equipment generally belongs to fixed installation, which can realize 24-hour online monitoring. The monitoring mode is mainly through the sensor module built in the monitoring terminal, through collecting and analyzing the pollution source components in the indoor air, and then exporting the data in real time through the built-in microprocessor software, and displaying the data on the screen through GPRS, RJ45 or WIFI. The advantage is that the data is true and reliable, and the data can be viewed in real time, and the indoor pollution sources can be understood according to the pollution data distribution map. The disadvantage is expensive equipment.
Third, hand-held detectors.
There are many such detection instruments in ordinary families, and the content of pollutants, specifically the content of odor, should be judged by current induction. The data read by this detector is greatly influenced by other gases, and the reference value is very low. Taking formaldehyde detection as an example, dropping other odor sources into zero formaldehyde experimental warehouse can lead to formaldehyde exceeding the standard, and the data reference is relatively low, which is generally suitable for home use.
Fourth, third-party testing institutions come to the door for testing.
According to the Code for Indoor Environmental Pollution Control of Civil Building Engineering, this detection is more accurate and authoritative, and the process is complex and standardized. Generally, large-scale testing management companies, state institutions and professional laboratories can do such testing, and the testing fee is charged by point. Generally, a room takes one point, and the average point is about 200-400. Judging from the test items, formaldehyde alone is cheaper. If it is tested together with benzene, toluene and TVOC, the cost will be slightly higher, and a CPA-certified monitoring report can also be issued. Relatively speaking, testing.
What are the seven events in indoor air testing?
Indoor air testing seven items: formaldehyde, benzene, TVOC, toluene, xylene, ammonia and radon. According to the indoor air quality standards, indoor air testing can judge the pollution status of indoor indicators and take targeted prevention measures.
Indoor air testing is a technical process to analyze and detect indoor air pollutants caused by indoor decoration and furniture purchase. According to the test results, issue a legally binding test report recognized by the state.
There are many kinds of indoor air pollutants, including physical contamination, chemical pollution, biological pollution and radioactive pollution. The sources of pollutants that cause indoor and outdoor air pollution are roughly as follows:
1, dust, dust, smoke and other particulate matter generally come from smoking, cooking with firewood in rural areas, and secondary dust from construction sites.
2. Sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and other chemical pollutants. These harmful chemical pollutants in the air mainly come from smoke and dust released by coal burning and tail gas emitted by automobiles. These harmful gases will enter the room through doors and windows.
3. Microbial pollutants, such as the well-known SARS.
Indoor air testing asked.
The purpose of indoor air environment monitoring is to detect the indoor air environment, which is specially used for project acceptance supervision and project completion filing. Soil radon content monitoring, free formaldehyde content detection of concrete admixture and radioactivity detection of tiles and stones during construction are not included.
Contents of indoor air quality testing:
Free formaldehyde detection, benzene detection, volatile organic compounds detection, radon detection and ammonia detection.
Management requirements for indoor air quality testing:
Testing conditions: the installation of external doors and windows is completed, the preliminary indoor installation is completed, the cornice decoration project is completed, and the outer frame is removed.
Management requirements for indoor air quality testing:
Requirements for inspection quantity: the indoor air pollution concentration of representative rooms shall be sampled, and the inspection quantity shall be no less than 5% and no less than 3 rooms.
When the civil construction project is accepted, the indoor air pollution concentration in the sample rooms shall be tested. If the test results are qualified, the number of sampling tests can be halved to 2.5%, but not less than 3 rooms.
Testing management requirements: testing the concentration of free formaldehyde, benzene, ammonia and total volatile organic compounds. For civil buildings with natural ventilation, radon concentration should be detected after doors and windows are closed 1 hour, and for civil buildings with natural ventilation, radon concentration should be detected after doors and windows are closed for 24 hours.
What projects are there in indoor air testing?
Indoor air testing projects include: air pollutants, clean air volume and purification efficiency.
1, air pollutants
Air pollutants refer to substances discharged into the air through human activities or natural processes, which have harmful effects on human beings or the environment. Generally divided into solid pollutants and gas pollutants. Common solid pollutants are dust, inhalable particles and pollen. Common gaseous pollutants are formaldehyde, benzene, ammonia and volatile organic compounds produced by decoration pollution.
2. Clean air volume
The amount of clean air is a parameter to characterize the purification capacity of air purifier, which is expressed by the amount of clean air provided per unit time, and the unit is cubic meters per hour. The measured value of clean air quantity of air purifier shall not be less than 90% of the nominal value. The air purifier has a corresponding amount of clean air for each air pollutant that can be removed, and the amount of clean air and the removed air pollutants should be marked accordingly. For example, cadr =100 m/h.
3. Purification efficiency
Purification efficiency indicates the ability of purification device to purify indoor air, which is expressed by the ratio of clean air volume to rated air supply volume.
What items are commonly tested in indoor air testing?
Indoor air testing generally mainly detects formaldehyde, benzene, TVOC, toluene, xylene, ammonia and air radon.
testing time
1, Code for Indoor Environmental Pollution Control of Civil Building Engineering stipulates that civil building engineering should be carried out at least within seven days after the completion of decoration engineering and before the project is used.
2. It is suggested that the personal decoration family should carry out testing one month after the completion of the decoration project and one week after all the furniture is in place. During this period, sufficient ventilation should be ensured to facilitate the discharge of harmful substances and make the test results closer to actual use.
The necessity of indoor air testing
According to the latest statistics, there are 90 million houses renovated every year in China, of which more than 60% houses are polluted by formaldehyde to varying degrees. 20 1 1 Beijing household indoor environment monitoring statistics show that 59% of households have formaldehyde exceeding the standard, and the highest formaldehyde exceeding the standard is more than 10 times of the national standard.
According to the survey results released by Shenzhen Consumer Council on 20 16, more than 90% consumers are worried about the air quality of newly renovated houses.
Indoor air testing reveals the secret: Do you really know your home?
Refer to the above content: Phoenix Net-indoor air testing