What are the benefits of customs work?

A state administrative organ that exercises the functions and powers of import and export supervision and administration according to the customs laws and administrative regulations of the country (or region) where it is located. The word "customs" in English originally refers to a local tax paid by businessmen and traffickers on the way, which has the nature of "buying road money" or "tolls" and "user fees" for ports and markets. After the abolition of this local tax, the word "customs" refers to the import and export tax levied by the government, and the customs is the government agency that collects import and export taxes. The earliest foreign customs agencies appeared in Athens, the ancient Greek city-state in the middle of the 5th century BC. 1 1 century later, Venice Customs, an institution named after Customs, was established in Venice, Western Europe. In the long feudal society, countries not only continued to set up customs along the coast and borders, but also pointed their finger at many checkpoints on inland land and water transportation routes. In the early stage of capitalist development (17-18th century), the customs implemented the policy of protecting tariffs, attached importance to the collection of tariffs, and established a set of detailed and cumbersome management and taxation systems. /kloc-in the 20th century, in order to develop foreign trade, European countries successively removed inland checkpoints, abolished inland tariffs and basically stopped collecting export taxes. Developed countries with a long history of customs include France, Britain, the Netherlands, Italy, Germany, Japan and the United States. Most developing countries are located in Asia, Africa and Latin America. These countries have long been invaded and exploited by colonial countries, and their economies are relatively backward. The foreign trade and customs of developing countries not only struggle with developed countries in various ways, but also develop and apply science and technology to their own modern customs system. China Customs has a long history. As early as the Western Zhou Dynasty, the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, there were records in ancient books about "levying customs and merging cities". Qin and Han dynasties entered a unified feudal society and developed foreign trade. In the sixth year of Ding Yuan in the Western Han Dynasty (BC 1 165438), Hepu and other places set up customs. During the Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, urban shipping companies were established in Guangzhou and Quanzhou. After the Qing government announced the opening of the maritime ban, it was named "Customs" for the first time in the 23rd to 24th year of Kangxi (1684- 1685), and four customs offices were established in Guangdong (Guangzhou), Fujian (Xiamen), Zhejiang (Ningbo) and Jiangsu (Shanghai). 1840 After the Opium War, China gradually lost its tariff autonomy, customs management and tax revenue and expenditure custody, and the customs became a semi-colonial customs, which was controlled by imperialist countries such as Britain, the United States, France and so on for a long time and became an important tool for western powers to plunder the people of China. Until 1949, when People's Republic of China (PRC) was founded, the people's government took over the customs, which declared the end of the history of semi-colonial customs controlled by imperialism and marked the birth of socialist customs. People's Republic of China (PRC) government has completely changed the original customs organization and business, experienced a tortuous development process, and gradually improved the establishment of customs institutions. Different countries have different political and economic conditions and different tariffs. Even in the same country, tariffs have changed in different historical periods. However, for the customs of most countries, the following duties are basically the same: ① Supervise and manage import and export goods, passengers' luggage and postal articles, and inbound and outbound means of transport, some of which are called customs clearance management, while others are called ensuring that goods and articles enter and leave the country legally. ② Impose tariffs and other taxes and fees. In many countries, in addition to collecting tariffs, customs also collect domestic taxes and fees in import and export, such as value-added tax, consumption tax, oil tax and so on. Customs in some countries also impose anti-dumping duties, countervailing duties and fines on imported goods. (3) Investigate smuggling. Customs departments of various countries investigate and deal with acts of evading supervision, commercial fraud and tariff evasion, especially smuggling goods and articles, especially drugs, which are prohibited and restricted from entering or leaving the country. The customs department of every country has stepped up its investigation. There are also some special functions of the customs of some countries or individual countries, such as compiling foreign commodity trade statistics, bonded management, coastal patrol alert, navigation management, copyright protection and patent rights. At the beginning of the 20th century, some countries supervised intangible trade (service trade) as well as traditional visible trade. Many governments instruct their customs to implement the international export control system, that is, to manage high-tech products, missile technology products, nuclear-related dual-use products, chemical and biological weapons, conventional weapons, environmental pollutants and toxic wastes, endangered species and cultural relics. According to People's Republic of China (PRC) Customs Law, China Customs has four functions: supervision, taxation, smuggling investigation and customs statistics.