The valves used in the fluid control system, from the simplest cut-off valve to various valves used in the extremely complicated automatic control system, have quite a variety of varieties and specifications. Valves can be used to control the flow of various fluids, such as air, water, steam, corrosive media, mud, oil, liquid metal and radioactive media. Valves are divided into cast iron valves, cast steel valves and stainless steel valves (20 1, 304, 3 16, etc. ), Cr-Mo steel valves, Cr-Mo-V steel valves, dual-phase steel valves, plastic valves, non-standard customized valves and other valve materials.
There is an intriguing statistic in foreign developed countries: the output value of valves in these countries exceeds the sum of the output values of compressors, fans and pumps, accounting for about 5% of the output value of the whole machinery industry. A phenomenon in these countries is even more intriguing: in recent years, in the fiery international valve market, China has produced more and more valve products, but the right to speak in the international valve market is not in the hands of China enterprises.
Or the role of migrant workers
Because of the necessary casting, casting, welding, electroplating, pickling, etc. In recent years, developed countries have transferred labor-intensive valve production, especially general valve production, to developing countries, such as China. They usually buy valve products that meet the standard requirements from developing countries and then sell them to developing and developed countries. Or set up a sole proprietorship or joint venture in developing countries and then sell the products back. Practically speaking, the valve enterprises in China have benefited a lot from this industrial transfer in developed countries.
Many enterprises have obtained ISO900 1 quality management system certification and API certification, and some enterprises have also obtained European CE safety certification. At the same time, many domestic valve enterprises have been able to produce API standard gate valves, globe valves, check valves, ball valves, butterfly valves and other products, and the product quality can fully meet the requirements of ISO 5208: 1993 inspection standards. Therefore, the export of valve products in China is increasing year by year. In recent years, for example, the export output value of 200 1 was US$ 380 million, US$ 430 million in 2002 and US$ 656 million in 2004, which shows that the export situation is very good.
What's more gratifying is that some manufacturers in China's valve industry have set up factories abroad, for example, Suzhou Valve Factory has set up factories in Iran. Other manufacturers have offices abroad. For example, Zhejiang Fangzheng Valve Factory has offices in Singapore, the Netherlands and Italy, and almost all the valves produced are sold abroad. At present, China valves have been exported to more than 30 countries and regions such as the United States, Canadian, German and Italian, and entered the world valve market. Among the valve exporting countries in the world, China's valve export ranking is about 1 1.
However, despite the influx of domestic valve products into foreign countries, China enterprises still have no right to speak in the international valve market. The price is determined by others, and so are the rules. Developed countries buy very low-grade valves from China and then sell them to developing countries at higher prices. They both benefited and bought well. Domestic enterprises can only do part-time jobs.
There are many business opportunities in the market.
Can't the international valve market accommodate us? Obviously not. It is understood that the Middle East, as the most important oil production and export region in the world, all countries are trying their best to increase the daily oil production, and at the same time increase oil exploitation and investment. Kuwait's largest northern oil and gas development project in the next few years is currently under way; Qatar will build the world's largest natural gas liquefaction product processing plant; The UAE plans to increase crude oil production through large-scale project construction, and it is estimated that the daily crude oil production will exceed 3 million barrels; Abu Dhabi National Oil Company plans to invest $654.38+0.5 billion in some projects every year in the next five years, of which 40% will be used in the oil industry, and the largest demand for each project is valve products. On the other hand, due to the serious damage of oil fields and pipelines in the Middle East, Iraq and other countries, it is necessary to import petroleum systems and pipeline valves, including API gate valves, gate valves, globe valves, check valves, long-distance pipeline flat valves and ball valves. These are the flagship products of domestic valve manufacturers, which are our strengths. Why don't we rob these businesses ourselves?
Qualified to stand at the front desk
As long as we know the market demand, domestic valve enterprises will have the upper hand and become the dominant players in the international market. As long as the way is correct, we can stand at the front desk of the market and act as the protagonist of the market.
One is the exit. Exports include direct exports and indirect exports. Direct export means that an enterprise sells its products directly to the international market. It also has two ways: first, it is sold to the local market through foreign intermediaries. Second, enterprises set up their own sales organizations abroad to sell products directly to local customers. Indirect export refers to the export of products by enterprises through domestic intermediaries. This export method is the simplest choice, which requires neither full-time sales staff nor a lot of capital investment, with strong flexibility and low risk. However, the shortcomings are also very obvious, that is, enterprises can not directly participate in international sales activities, the export market is basically out of control, and the market information feedback is limited, so it is difficult to make timely adjustments to market changes.
The second is licensing trade. Licensing trade means that the licensor grants the licensee the right or technology with trade value, including the right to use trademarks, patents and know-how. Due to the lack of management experience, well-known brands and unique technology, domestic valve enterprises do not use this method. But this is also a development direction, which can encourage enterprises to cultivate their own brands and develop technologies with independent intellectual property rights.
The third is foreign direct investment. Foreign direct investment refers to actually owning and controlling foreign enterprises and directly participating in their governance. From the perspective of equity, it has two different forms, such as joint venture. A joint venture refers to an enterprise investing in foreign markets together with a local enterprise. A joint venture may establish a new enterprise by purchasing the equity of a local enterprise or making joint investment. The advantage of joint venture is that it has great income, the enterprise has control over marketing and production, and can get market information feedback. The disadvantage is that partners often have conflicts because of their different views on production and sales.
Another example is a sole proprietorship. Sole proprietorship refers to the independent production of enterprises in foreign countries. It can either directly acquire existing local enterprises or create a new one. The advantage of a wholly-owned enterprise is that it can enjoy exclusive profits and gain more international marketing experience and market opportunities. The parent company has complete governance and control over overseas subsidiaries. Disadvantages are large investment, high risk and many uncertainties.