What are the types of invention patents?

According to different classification standards, inventions can be divided into different types. For example, according to the status of invention completion, it can be divided into completed inventions and unfinished inventions. Unfinished inventions, because they do not have the practicality required by the patent law, are not patented in the patent laws of various countries. According to the number of people who have completed inventions, inventions can be divided into independent inventions and simultaneous inventions. According to the nationality of inventors, they can be divided into domestic inventions and foreign inventions. But the rights of applicants for invention patents are basically the same. According to the attribution of inventions, they can be divided into service inventions and non-service inventions; According to the dependence or restriction between inventions, they can be divided into basic inventions and improved inventions. The most common and basic classification in patent law is to divide inventions into product inventions and method inventions. China's patent law divides invention patents into three categories: product inventions, method inventions and improved inventions. (1) product invention refers to the creation of all kinds of unprecedented new products through human intellectual activities. It should be noted that the patent laws of all countries have certain restrictions on the scope of protection of product inventions, and not all product inventions can be patented, such as product inventions that violate national laws and social interests, substances obtained by nuclear transformation, etc. A product in the patent law can be an independent and complete product or a part of equipment or machinery. The invention of products can be divided into the following situations: 1. Inventions of manufactured goods include various machines, equipment, devices and various appliances. 2. Invention of substances, such as chemicals, medicines, food, etc. 3. Invention of glass, ceramics, artificial diamonds, artificial insulin and other materials. 4, the invention of new uses of products shake This is to reveal the unprecedented uses and functions of items without changing the inherent properties and state of the items. If charcoal is found, it can be used to make gunpowder. It should be pointed out that if an unprecedented new article is discovered in a completely natural state without any artificial processing or creation, it is not a product invention, but a scientific discovery. (II) Method Invention Method invention refers to the invention of steps or technical means taken to change an article or substance into another state or another article or substance. The protection of method invention began in the middle of the century, but at present, the protection of method invention varies from country to country. For example, the United States only protects the method invention itself, not the products produced by the method, while the patent laws of Germany and China not only protect the method patents, but also protect the products produced by the method. The invention of the method includes: 1. The manufacturing method invented the methods of making color film and making special steel. 2. Chemical methods invented synthetic fibers and synthetic resins. 3. Invented biological methods, such as hybrid rice cultivation and artificial pearl cultivation. 4. The invention of other methods includes the invention of communication method, measurement method and analysis method. (3) An improved invention refers to a technical scheme that substantially changes an existing product invention or method invention. The difference between improved invention and product invention or method invention is that it is not a new product or method, but a substantial innovative technical scheme based on existing products or methods, which is a further improvement and improvement of existing inventions in technology. The improved invention can bring new features to the existing products and methods or make some qualitative changes, but it does not fundamentally change the essential attributes of the original invention. For example, Edison invented the incandescent lamp, and the American General Electric Company invented charging inert gas into the incandescent lamp, which improved the production method of the incandescent lamp, significantly improved the quality and life of the lamp, and greatly improved the benefits. This is an improved invention. Now many countries take improved inventions as the object of patent law protection, such as the United States, Canada, India and other countries. Article 22 of the Patent Law Inventions and utility models for which patent rights are granted shall be novel, creative and practical. Novelty means that the invention or utility model does not belong to the prior art; No unit or individual filed an application for the same invention or utility model with the administrative department for patent in the State Council before the filing date, and it was recorded in the patent application documents published or announced after the filing date. Creativity means that compared with the prior art, the invention has outstanding substantive features and remarkable progress, and the utility model has substantive features and progress. Practicality means that the invention or utility model can be manufactured or used and can produce positive effects. The existing technology mentioned in this law refers to the technology known to the public at home and abroad before the date of application. To sum up, regarding the types of invention patents, it should be noted that inventions can be divided into different types according to different classification standards. General invention patents mainly include product inventions, method inventions and improved inventions.