Paper Keywords: distiller's grains feed processing environmental protection and energy saving
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Abstract: By introducing the development and utilization of distiller's grains feed and its processing technology, this paper discusses the necessity and importance of distiller's grains feed processing to take the road of environmental protection, energy saving and sustainable development in China. At the same time, the related problems that need to be solved in the processing technology of distiller's grains feed are also discussed, which has a positive effect on developing and promoting the feed processing industry in our province and even the whole country.
Current situation of 1 distiller's grains processing feed
In recent years, feed output is far from meeting the needs of aquaculture. Moreover, with the increase of liquor production, enterprises have carried out a series of research and treatment on the utilization of distiller's grains in order to alleviate the pressure of environmental protection. Some enterprises continue to explore the best technological route and special equipment for processing feed from distiller's grains; Some design and manufacture their own chaff separators and apply for invention patents; Some have expanded protein feed production projects; Some people have invested a lot of money to build a large-scale distiller's grains dry powder production line, a processing workshop for compound feed and so on. However, as far as distiller's grains processing feed is concerned, the technology is not perfect and rough, and there are amorphous equipment, especially drying equipment. It is necessary to give full play to the comprehensive advantages of the industry, mobilize positive factors inside and outside the industry, further rationalize and standardize, and promote distiller's grains processing feed to a new level.
2. Related research on distiller's grains processing feed.
The distiller's grains are mixed with human auxiliary materials (batch grain or crushed coarse material) in the ratio of 3: 1. Under anaerobic conditions, lactic acid bacteria proliferate in large numbers, making starch and soluble sugar in them become lactic acid. When the concentration increases to a certain extent, the growth of mold and spoilage bacteria is inhibited. In this way, distiller's grains with high water content can not only preserve their nutrients, but also volatilize residual ethanol, so that the storage time of distiller's grains can reach 6-7 months. The general storage method is to put the distiller's grains in the cellar for 2 13 days. When the liquid oozes from it, take out the clarified liquid and then add the fresh distiller's grains. Repeatedly leave a certain amount of clear liquid for the last time to isolate the air, then cover the board and seal it with plastic sheets. Before feeding, neutralize the acid with lime water. Separating rice husk, drying distiller's grains, and making into powder or granular feed; Liquor brewed by solid state method has a water content of about 60%, high acidity and easy to rot. Distiller's grains contain a lot of rice husk, which is an excellent loose filler in wine production, and its shape has basically not changed during fermentation. However, as feed, if rice husk is not separated and dried directly, it will have a great impact on the quality of feed. Therefore, it is necessary to remove rice husk as much as possible, recycle it or use it as fertilizer, and then dry it to make powdered or granular distiller's grains feed.
2. Comparative analysis of nutritional components of1distiller's grains;
According to the analysis data, only the content of crude starch in dry grain is lower than that in corn, and the crude protein is 14. 3%-2 1.8% and crude fat 4. 2% ~ 6. Significantly higher than corn. In addition, there are amino acids, vitamins, minerals and various bioactive substances produced by bacteria autolysis, such as chirping, sucking, lipids, enzymes and so on. , is unmatched by ordinary grains. However, distiller's grains still contain 40%-50% rice husk (which contains crude fiber, lignin and SO2). Even if the composition changes under the action of various enzymes, it is still not suitable for direct feeding of livestock and poultry. The existence of rice husk reduces the nutritional value of distiller's grains.