First of all, it must be admitted that Nokia's success is closely related to its leadership.
At first, Nokia was just a small factory manufacturing rubber and paper in Finland, but after the arrival of the industrial revolution, they gradually transformed into an electronic technology company, selling televisions to spread the brand throughout Europe, and it was the mobile phone that really made Nokia a world-class enterprise. Since 1996, Nokia mobile phones have occupied the largest share of the mobile phone market, accounting for 15.
1998 Among the two mobile phones launched by Nokia, 6 150 is the first mobile phone that supports Chinese short message input, and 6 1 10 is the first mobile phone with a built-in game (snake eater) in the world, which is absolutely fashionable at that time.
After 2000, people gradually became dissatisfied with the mobile phone that can only make calls and send short messages, so the era of transition from functional machine to intelligent machine began.
In 2002, Nokia introduced model 7650, which was one of the first camera phones to enter the China market. 300,000 pixels and ingenious sliding function are enough to crush most of its competitors.
In 2003, Nokia introduced the classic model 1 100, which set a sales record of 250 million units. Except for11/kloc-0, which was launched in 2005, no one can break this record so far.
It can be said that since it reached its peak in 2003, Nokia has become a must-see place for trendsetters.
Nokia has made such great achievements not only because of its novel design and creativity, but also because of its operating system Symbian.
I believe that many people will subconsciously think of the word "Saipan" when they hear online celebrities. However, few people know that Saipan was the god of all mobile phone manufacturers that year. Saipan system occupies small memory, low power consumption, strong endurance and low hardware configuration, which is not only cost-effective, but also low cost and good user experience. At that time, it was perfect.
According to statistics, in 2006, more than 654.38 billion smartphones using Saipan operating system were sold worldwide.
But while enjoying the applause of flowers here, on the other side of the ocean, two major events are happening quietly.
First, Scott Foest led his team to develop the mobile operating system of IOS in Apple;
Second, something called Android was sold to Google for $40 million;
It seems that there is nothing to do, but I didn't expect this to become a subversion of Nokia's status in the future.
Around 2008, Nokia has acquired Saipan. At this time, Apple introduced the first iPhone, but it didn't even have the most fashionable MMS at that time. There is nothing new except using a capacitive screen. Look at Android at the other end, a completely open source system, and the software quality is uneven. Obviously, none of them can fight. At that time, Nokia was completely ignored.
It was not until the advent of the iPhone 3G mobile phone in 2008 that Nokia suddenly realized that the capacitive screen was N-level more comfortable than its own touch screen and stylus, and the finger was obviously much more fragrant than its own stylus or fingernail. In addition, iPhone 3G supports third-party applications, accounting for 30% of the US smartphone market in an instant. On the other hand, although the open source of Android system makes the application market look a bit chaotic, the threshold is low and a large number of followers flood in.
On the other hand, the signature mechanism of Saipan system makes it impossible for many third-party applications to download. In addition, Nokia's model is very complex, with various keyboards, numeric keyboards and touch screens. These external conditions undoubtedly increase the cost of APP research and development, prompting all kinds of application developers to gradually turn to other systems.
Nokia's proud design in the past has now become a shackle that hinders its progress. It's really a design failure.
Seeing the rising stars eating away at the market share, Nokia had to find another way out.
On 20 1 1 year, Nokia and Intel jointly launched meego system and released the smartphone N9 equipped with this system. The N9 adopts a seamless body, curved glass, multi-touch capacitive screen without buttons, plus the highest resolution of all models at that time and the interactive design realized by sliding screen, which is simply a collection of all new trends. No Android and Apple have such a sense of the future.
20 10 Elop, the newly appointed CEO, decided to give up meego system and choose Microsoft WP. For this decision, industry analysis gives two inferences. One is that it may be the first loss of 20 1 10, and the other is that the new CEO has a soft spot for his old club Microsoft. In short, Elop's decision directly buried Nokia's mobile phone business.
It is reported that at that time, the number of users of Microsoft WP system only accounted for 1% of the world, which made developers who were unwilling to do applications for Nokia even less consider this system.
On the user side, because the application is not in place, it eventually forms a vicious circle. The WP system is cold and the user runs away. Dominate the mobile phone market 15 years, the market share directly dropped from nearly 50% to less than 4%, and the market value shrank by more than 90%. Finally, the mobile phone business was sold to Microsoft at a low price of $7.3 billion.
The fall of a mobile phone superstar has made countless Nokia fans cry. In an emergency, Nokia, which is unbreakable, unbreakable and self-defense, has left.
Nokia, which lost its mobile phone business, turned to lay out its own communication empire: it invested in Siemens, then acquired Alcatel-Lucent, the third largest communication service provider in the world, and then merged the two companies, with the goal of becoming the second largest communication service provider in the world.
In 2006, Nokia and Siemens jointly established Nokia Siemens Networks. Although the company has established itself as the fourth place in the world in the field of communication equipment, it has accumulated losses of billions of dollars in the past six years, which can be described as a golden retriever.
In 20 13, Nokia was struggling to sell its mobile phone business, and a debt of Nokia Siemens Networks was about to expire, facing default. After years of endless investment, Siemens chose to give up. At this time, Nokia plans to spend 654.38+07 billion euros to buy out from Siemens and take over "goods at a loss".
At that time, Alcatel-Lucent, the third largest communication service provider in the world, was also listed for sale, but at that time, Nokia lacked financial resources, even if it sold its mobile phone business, it was not enough to acquire Alcatel-Lucent. Therefore, Nokia continues to sell its "property". After selling the mobile phone business, Nokia has three major sectors: Nokia Networks, patent licensing business and HERE map.
So Nokia put all its eggs in one basket and sold the map here, which accounts for nearly 90% of the global in-vehicle medical navigation system, to the German automobile giant. With sufficient funds, he turned around and bought Alcatel-Lucent for $654.38+066 billion.
In this way, Nokia's market share of communication business jumped from 8% to 30%.
In the years when Nokia disappeared, Nokia's 5G standard essential patents exceeded 147 1, which was second only to Huawei. After being chased by Huawei, it successfully picked up big leaks and won a large number of orders, and finally completed a gorgeous reversal.
On the other hand, Microsoft, which took over Nokia's mobile phone, finally failed to revitalize this business, and because of the agreement signed with Nokia Group, Microsoft had no right to resell Nokia's mobile phone to a third party privately, so Nokia, which made a comeback, finally recovered its mobile phone brand.
Nokia's mobile phone business has resumed, and it has made a beautiful turnaround, waiting for Nokia's mobile phone to return, and Nuofen is still there.