How to prevent the frequent occurrence of chickenpox in spring

Abstract: Chickenpox occurs frequently in spring. What should we pay attention to when having chickenpox? How to prevent frequent chickenpox in spring? Spring is the peak season for chickenpox, with a high infection rate. It is mostly seen in children aged 1 to 10 years old, with an incubation period of 2 to 3 weeks. So what should you pay attention to when you have chickenpox? Let’s take a look at how to prevent chickenpox and what to pay attention to when chickenpox occurs in spring. 1. How to prevent the frequent occurrence of chickenpox in spring

The virus that causes chickenpox is very strange. It plays the role of causing two diseases, so it is medically named varicella-zoster virus.

When the virus first enters the human body, the disease it causes is chickenpox. The antibodies produced by being infected with this virus in childhood are often too weak to completely eliminate the virus. Therefore, the human body has a "peaceful coexistence" with the virus for a long time. As a result, the virus is like a hibernating snake, lurking in the body for a long time. in the spinal cord nervous tissue in vivo.

When you get older, when you encounter overwork, decreased resistance, trauma, or malignant tumors, the chickenpox virus lurking in the human body will take the opportunity to multiply. It follows its latent nerves to the skin and emerges along the nerve distribution parts, causing the human body to be re-infected and a new disease - herpes zoster. This is the second disease caused by viruses.

2. Decreased resistance is the main cause of infection

Chickenpox is a common infectious disease in children. It is more common in children aged 1 to 4 years old. Infants and young children often have no symptoms or mild symptoms. Fever may occur in older children or adults. If no complications occur, the patient can generally recover on his own in about 2 weeks.

The average incubation period of chickenpox is 14 to 21 days, and most are 15 to 17 days. The initial symptoms of the disease are mild, with slight fever and general malaise. At the same time as the fever or 1-2 days later, the skin and mucous membranes of the trunk appear in batches and rapidly develop into macules, papules, herpes and scabs.

Chickenpox is not a "patent" for children. Adults aged 18 to 25 who have never had chickenpox and some people with low immune function are also susceptible to chickenpox, usually due to excessive fatigue, mental trauma, and other diseases. Caused by. Adults often suffer from high fever, headache, vomiting, etc. after contracting chickenpox. There are reports in the literature that as patients age, they will develop pneumonia, chest pain, shortness of breath, cyanosis, etc. The course of chickenpox in adults is also longer than that in children, and it can cause recurrence of herpes zoster.

3. Patients who are the source of infection must be strictly isolated

Varicella-zoster virus can only survive and reproduce in the nucleus of human cells, but cannot survive and reproduce in other animal cells, so , the patient is the only source of infection. Chickenpox is highly contagious and can be transmitted through respiratory droplets or direct contact with blister fluid. 90 People who have not had chickenpox can become infected after contact with chickenpox, and chickenpox can also occur after contact with someone who has shingles. The infectious period of chickenpox is very long. Therefore, chickenpox patients must be strictly isolated for at least two weeks. Children should not go to daycare or school, and adults should not go to work to avoid infecting others.

Chickenpox vaccine is a live attenuated vaccine. Vaccination with chickenpox has a good preventive effect, and the protective effect can last for a long time. Do not use antipyretics and hormones at will. For patients with chickenpox, proper care must be taken: Keep the indoor air fresh. However, when ventilating indoors, attention should be paid to keeping the patient warm to avoid catching cold and aggravating the condition; the patient should drink more water and eat light, digestible and nutritious food; pay attention to skin care. This includes trimming your child's nails to avoid scratching the skin and leaving permanent scars. It is best to bathe the patient in the shower every day and apply the medicine prescribed by the doctor to the affected area; avoid abusing medicines such as antipyretics and hormones. Chickenpox patients must not apply hormone preparations to herpes to prevent aggravation of the condition.

IV. What should you pay attention to when having chickenpox

(1) Nursing care

1. Chickenpox is highly contagious. Children should try not to Come into contact with other children to avoid infecting other children until all the scabs on the herpes have fallen off.

2. Be careful of sick children scratching acne rashes with their hands, especially acne rashes on the face, to avoid pus infection and leaving scars. It is necessary to prevent sick children from rubbing their eyes with their hands, which may infect the eyes, cause keratitis, leave scars, and affect vision.

So keep your child's nails short, keep their hands clean and wear gloves.

3. The bedding of sick children should be dried frequently, and the clothes should be clean and wide to prevent itching and rash caused by overheating due to tight clothes and overly thick quilts.

4. Take a bath with warm water to keep your skin clean and reduce the risk of infection.

(2) Diet

1. Treatment of chickenpox: It is advisable to clear away the heat for chickenpox, and do not use hair products. Eating hair products will increase the number and size of chickenpox, thus prolonging the course of the disease. Therefore, in the early stage of the disease, food products such as coriander (coriander), fermented rice wine, crucian carp, ginger, green onions, mutton, rooster meat, sea shrimp, eel, etc. are not allowed.

2. Eat spicy food: Chickenpox is the same as other febrile and sexually transmitted diseases. Avoid eating spicy food. Spicy food can help the fire produce phlegm and make the fever more serious. Such foods include chili peppers and spicy oil. , mustard, curry, garlic, leek, fennel, cinnamon, pepper, mushrooms, etc.

3. Greasy things: Children with chickenpox often suffer from loss of appetite, indigestion, etc. due to fever, so they should not eat greasy things, such as fried sesame balls, nuts, etc. Twist twists, fried pork chops, fried steaks, fried chicken, rice cakes, fatty meat, lard and other greasy food that disturbs the stomach are difficult to digest and will increase the burden on the gastrointestinal tract.

4. Hot foods: The treatment of chickenpox should mainly focus on clearing away heat and detoxifying. Therefore, foods with hot properties should not be taken. Such foods include dog meat, mutton, venison, sparrow meat, goose, and hairtail fish. , yellow croaker, eggs, longan meat, lychees, fried peanuts, fried broad beans, fried melon seeds, etc.

The incubation period of chickenpox is 12 to 21 days, with an average of 14 days. The onset is acute, mild to moderate fever and rash occurs. The rash first occurs on the compressed parts of the scalp and trunk, and is distributed centripetally. The rashes appear in batches one after another during the rash period of 1 to 6 days. The skin lesions evolve from tiny red maculopapular rashes → herpes → scabs → scabs off, leaving no trace of the skin after the scabs off. During the water scar stage, the pain and itching are obvious, and mild dents may be left if secondary infection occurs due to scratching. Weak people may develop high fever, and about 4% of adults may develop disseminated chickenpox and chickenpox pneumonia.

Chickenpox has an acute onset and may have prodromal symptoms such as fever, headache, and general fatigue. The rash appeared within 24 hours of the onset, and quickly turned into round, tense blisters as big as rice grains or peas, with obvious redness around them, and the center of the blisters was in the shape of an umbilical fossa. After 2 to 3 days, the blisters will dry up and scab, and the scab will fall off and heal, leaving no scar. The skin lesions are distributed centripetally, starting from the front of the face and then to the trunk and limbs. The number is uncertain, with the trunk being the most numerous, followed by the face and head, with fewer limbs and even fewer palms and soles. Mucous membranes are also often invaded, found in the mouth, pharynx, conjunctiva, vulva, anus, etc. Skin lesions often occur in batches, so papules, blisters and scabs often exist at the same time, and the course of the disease lasts 2 to 3 weeks. If the child's resistance is low, the skin lesions can spread progressively throughout the body, forming disseminated chickenpox. The clinical manifestations of chickenpox include bullous chickenpox, hemorrhagic chickenpox, neonatal chickenpox, adult chickenpox, etc. In addition, chickenpox infection during pregnancy can cause fetal malformations, premature birth or stillbirth.

When a child develops symptoms of chickenpox, parents should send the child to the hospital promptly and take medicine and treatment according to the doctor's instructions.