Google scholarGoogle Scholar (GS) is an online search engine that can search academic articles for free. It indexes the format and theme of Chinese characters in published articles, and can help users find academic documents including periodical papers, dissertations, books, preprints, abstracts and technical reports, covering natural sciences, humanities, social sciences and other disciplines. The beta version was released on June 5438+065438+ 10, 2004, which contains peer-reviewed articles from the largest academic publishing houses in Europe and America. Most of these articles are ignored in general search engines. This feature is similar to the free overview provided by Eisenier, Citeseer X and getCITED. It is also similar to Elsevier's Scopus and Thomson ISI's Web of Science subscription tools in network science. The advertising slogan of Google Academic is "Standing on the shoulders of giants", which is also an affirmation to all academic workers, who have contributed their knowledge in their respective fields in the past few centuries and laid the foundation for new intellectual achievements. At present, Google has cooperated with many scientific and academic publishers, including academic, scientific and technical publishers, such as ACM, Nature, IEEE and OCLC. This cooperation enables users to retrieve specific academic documents and obtain academic documents from academic publishers, professional groups, preprints, universities and the Internet through Google Academic, including peer-reviewed papers, dissertations, books, preprints, abstracts and technical reports in all research fields.