1. The beam pumping unit is widely used and is a type of oil production equipment widely used in major oil fields. It is mainly composed of four parts: beam-connecting rod-crank mechanism and
reduction box, power equipment and auxiliary devices. The main accessories include base, reduction box, crank, balance weight, connecting rod, beam, bracket, beam, donkey head, rope suspension, brake, motor, etc.
At present, there are many variations of beam pumping units, but the principle is basically the same. They all use a four-bar linkage mechanism to convert the rotational motion of the reduction box into the up and down reciprocation of the beam. sports.
2. Tower oil pumping is named according to the appearance of the oil pumping unit, also called reciprocating oil pumping unit (named according to the movement trajectory). According to the different transmission methods, it is divided into belt pumping unit and chain pumping unit. Pumping machine and so on.
This kind of oil pumping unit has developed rapidly in recent years and has many types. It is roughly composed of a bracket, a chain, a chain roller, a roller bearing, a braking device, a power device, a reversing device, a balancing device, and an intelligent control system. Components vary depending on the type.
3. Both pumping units are suitable for tube pumps and rod pumps, which means that any pump that relies on the up and down reciprocation of the sucker rod to extract oil is applicable.
There are no special requirements for oil wells. Oil wells that can use beam pumping units are also suitable for tower pumping units, but tower pumping units are more suitable for wells that require long-stroke drainage.
4. The main advantages of the beam pumping unit are: 1) Strong applicability and reliable operation. The environmental requirements are not high. It can be used from the north to the south of our country. 2) Simple structure, easy maintenance and long service life. Due to the simple structure of this type of pumping unit, except for the high technical content of the reducer, there are no other high-tech things. As long as it is maintained according to "cross operations", it will generally not be damaged.
The disadvantages are that it consumes a lot of energy, occupies a large area, consumes a lot of steel, and has a large dynamic load, especially during the loading and unloading process, which has a greater impact on the pipe and rod system. For the former, many models of energy-saving beam pumping units have been developed, such as double donkey head pumping units. The main improvement points are in three directions. The first is to continuously optimize the "four-link structure". The second is to optimize the balance system. The third is to improve the motor and belt to improve the transmission efficiency. While optimizing, it also makes the operation of the pumping unit more stable. smooth.
The main advantage of the tower pumping unit is its large stroke. For example, the maximum stroke of a 20-ton pumping unit can reach 8 meters. It can meet the needs of oil wells with high liquid production and long stroke drainage; secondly, it has small dynamic load and stable operation; it has little impact on the pipe and rod system; thirdly, it saves electricity and energy, with a power saving rate of about 40%; fourthly, it accounts for The land area is small, saving land; fifth, saving steel.
The main disadvantages are: the structure is complex and the maintenance is difficult. There is no beam pumping unit that is easy to repair. Some oil fields are gradually phased out after a few years of installation and use.
In general, both types of pumping units have their own advantages and disadvantages, but the beam pumping unit is more widely used. For example, you can see some pictures of oil wells in foreign oil fields in the news, most of which are beam pumping units.
Each oil field decides which type of pumping unit to use based on the well's output, depth, and funding.