The Sphaerophora macrophylla has strong resistance to stress and adapts to a wide temperature range. It can produce mushrooms in the range of 4-30 degrees Celsius and can be cultivated and produced in most seasons in Shandong Province. According to the production season of raw materials, mother seeds are usually multiplied in late May, original seeds are produced in June, cultivated seeds are produced in July, and inoculation cultivation is carried out in mid-to-late August. If there is a greenhouse with heat preservation conditions, inoculation and cultivation can also be arranged in the autumn, and harvesting and marketing will be concentrated during the Spring Festival.
2.2 Cultivation site
Outdoor cultivation is currently the main method for cultivating Sphaeroides globus. When planting large mushrooms, choose to be close to water sources and have easy drainage. For example, three-dimensional planting can be carried out under economic forests and fruit trees in the early growth stage. Fruit fungi and forest fungi can be combined to make rational use of light energy resources. Trees in orchards and forest gardens create a sun-shading and moisturizing ecological environment for the mushroom, which has obvious economic, ecological and social benefits. Outdoor cultivation is currently the main method for cultivating the mushroom.
2.3 Raw material selection and processing
Choose fresh and mildew-free wheat straw, use a machine to flatten the straw or use a haymaker to cut the straw into 2-5 pieces cm segment. After soaking the wheat straw for 48 hours, remove and drain the water until the water content reaches 70-75. That is, extract the soaked and drained wheat straw and hold it tightly with your hands until there are water droplets between the fingers. Wheat straw pre-fermentation. The specific method is to pile soaked or drenched wheat straw into a pile of about 1.5-2 meters wide and 1-1.5 meters high. The length must be firm. The pile must be turned over every 3 days. After 2- After turning the pile after 3 times, it can be moved into the cultivation frame.
2.4 Build piles for sowing
Move the fermented wheat straw into the cultivation field. The width of the cultivation border is generally 1.2-1.3 meters, leaving a 50-60 cm walkway between the borders. When stacking wheat straw, the first layer is 10 cm thick, and a layer of bacteria is sprinkled on top. The second layer is 10 cm thick, and another layer of bacteria is sprinkled on top. The thickness of the third layer is 8 cm, and a layer of bacterial strains is sprinkled on it. The wheat straw should be pressed flat and solid to make the bacterial bed, and then covered with straw curtains, woven bags, etc. to moisturize and grow bacteria. During the germination period, it is necessary to prevent rainwater from flooding the pile, frequently check the temperature and moisture of the culture material, and take appropriate measures to cool down and replenish water in a timely manner.
2.5 Covering and Management
About 30 days after sowing, the mycelium is close to covering the culture material. At this time, the surface of the pile can be covered with soil. The covering material needs to be fertile, loose, and able to hold water. 50% humus soil plus 50% peat soil with a pH of 5.7 can be used as a standard covering material. In actual cultivation, most of the crops are harvested from the local area and loose pastoral loam soil is used. Place the pre-prepared soil on the bacterial bed with a thickness of 2-4 cm. After covering the soil, the humidity of the covering soil layer must be adjusted. The water holding rate of the soil is required to reach 36-37. That is, if the soil particles become flat when squeezed with your hands without breaking or sticking to your hands, it means the moisture content is suitable. After covering with soil, the dry bacterial bed can be sprayed with water. Under normal circumstances, the hyphae can be seen climbing up the covering soil layer 2-3 days after covering with soil.
2.6 Management during the formation of fruiting bodies
After the mycelium grows over the covering soil layer, it enters the reproductive growth stage. Generally, mushrooms can be produced 15-20 days after covering with soil. The suitable relative humidity of the space at this stage is 90-95. When the climate is dry, attention should be paid to moisturizing the mushroom bed. Usually, the covering and covering soil should be kept moist. Water can be added to the walkways and drainage ditches to increase humidity. When a large number of mushroom buds occur on the bed, bamboo slices can be used to slightly raise the covering to prevent damage to the small mushroom buds.
3 Timely Harvest
It takes about 8-10 days from budding to maturity of the fruiting body of Spheronella globus, and its performance varies with different temperatures. During the entire growth period, 3-4 mushrooms can be harvested, and 12-15 kilograms of mushrooms can be produced per square meter. Generally, the second tide has the highest yield, and the interval between mushroom tides is about 15-25 days