a Propeller is a device that converts any form of energy into mechanical energy. Generating thrust by rotating blades or blowing air (water). It can be used to drive vehicles forward, or as a power source for other devices such as generators.
early development: the principle adopted in the use of propeller is used in rowing. This is a part of promoting the development of Venice, but it is likely to be used in other ways in Europe and other regions. For example, propelling a canoe with a single paddle or sideslip a canoe involves similar techniques as rowing. In China, the paddle known as "lu" was also used in the 3rd century. In scribing, a single blade moves through the arc from side to side, taking care to keep the blade presented to the water at an effective angle. The innovation introduced with the propeller is to extend the arc over 36 degrees by attaching blades to the rotating shaft. A propeller may have a single blade, but in practice there is almost always more than one blade in order to balance the forces involved. The origin of the propeller began to be related to Archimedes, who used screws to lift water for irrigation and rescue boats. Such a famous saying is called Archimedes spiral water pump. It may be that spiral motion in space (spiral is a special research application of Archimedes) was used to irrigate hollow segmented waterwheels for Egyptians for centuries. Leonardo da Vinci adopted this principle to drive his theoretical helicopter, and the sketch involved a large canvas screw head. In 1784, JP Paucton proposed the use of two elevators and the propulsion of similar screw-rotor aircraft. At about the same time, james watt used screws to propel ships, but he didn't propose using them for his steam engine. This is not his own invention. Toogood and Hays were patented a century ago. Since then, it has become a common means to propel ships. In 1827, the Czech and Austrian inventor Joseph Ressel invented a propeller in which a plurality of blades were fixed around a conical base. In February 1826, he tested his propeller on a hand-operated boat. He successfully used his bronze propeller in the adaptation of the steamboat (1829). His ship "Civetta Mountain" with 48 gross registered tons reached a speed of about 6 nautical miles (11 km/h). This is the first ship propelled by Archimedes propeller. It is dangerous for a new steam engine to be banned from his experiment by the police of the Austro-Hungarian Empire after an accident (welding of cracked pipes). Josef Ressel was then a forestry inspector in the Austrian Empire. But before that, he received an Austro-Hungarian patent (license) for his propeller (1827). He died in 1857. This new propulsion method is an improvement of the water wheel, because it is not affected by the movement of the ship or the change of the draft of the ship burning coal. John Patch, a double-bladed, fan-shaped propeller developed in seaman Yarmouth, Nova Scotia, was publicly displayed in 1832. In 1833, he pushed a boat across the port of Yarmouth and sailed in the coastal small sailboat St. John, New Brunswick, but his patent application in the United States was rejected until 1849 because he was not an American citizen. His efficient design attracted unanimous praise in the American scientific community, but at this time there were several competing versions of marine propellers.