What is total IgE? IgE, immunoglobulin E, is an immune molecule, which plays a major role in the pathogenesis of type I allergic diseases, such as allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, atopic dermatitis, eczema and acute and chronic urticaria, so it is the first choice for immunological experimental diagnosis of allergic reactions. Total IgE is a specific examination item for allergic diseases. The increase of IgE level suggests that type I allergic disease is more likely, but it can not be used to judge allergens.
Characteristics of IgE: IgE is the lowest immunoglobulin in serum, only one tenth of IgG concentration in serum. IgE is unstable to heat and is the immunoglobulin with the shortest half-life, only 2.8 days. IgE bound to the cell surface has a slightly longer half-life. From 8 days to 14 days, IgE was synthesized by plasma cells in the lamina propria of mucosa where allergens invaded (nasopharynx, bronchus and gastrointestinal tract). Among all kinds of immunoglobulins, IgE has the lowest synthesis rate and the highest decomposition rate. As a cytophilic antibody, the concentration of IgE in fetal cord blood of allergic people may increase. Detection of cord blood IgE concentration can be used to evaluate the possibility of fetal allergy.
IgE detection method: ELISA is usually used to detect total IgE. Because the concentration of serum IgE is very low, the sensitivity of general enzyme immunoassay is not enough to detect serum IgE. At present, the kit for detecting serum IgE in routine laboratory adopts biotin-avidin amplification ELISA. Different from other immunoglobulins, the IgE concentration units of IgE standards and test results contained in the kit are expressed in u/ml or ku/l instead of Mg/L. ..
Normal value of IgE (reference range): The serum IgE level is skewed in the normal population, that is, most people are 0 or close to 0, and the higher the IgE level, the fewer people. Therefore, when calculating the average value, the geometric average value should be calculated to reflect its real situation, that is, its distribution can be approximately normal after logarithmic transformation.
The serum IgE level of healthy people is closely related to age, and the IgE level of children and the elderly is lower than that of adults. The serum IgE level of newborns is very low, close to zero. With the increase of age, IgE level is also rising, and it is close to normal level after 5~7 years old. According to the reference range provided by Pharmacia, 1 month < 12KU/L, 1 year.
The serum IgE level of patients with allergic diseases can reach 2000 ~ 8000 ku/L. When the IgE level is higher than 2000KU/L, parasitic infection should be considered.
Sometimes the test results of serum total IgE level are 0 or low in the reference range, which cannot rule out the possibility of allergic diseases, and must be judged by combining clinical manifestations and serum specific IgE test results.
What is specific IgE detection (sIgE)?
The so-called allergen detection does not really detect allergen molecules in blood samples, but indirectly detects specific IgE molecules for a certain allergen. Specific IgE detection is actually to detect allergen-specific IgE, that is, to detect the specific IgE of an allergen in the sample, so as to indirectly judge whether the patient is allergic to an allergen.
Common allergens in the environment include the following categories:
Parasites and microorganisms: all kinds of mites (house dust mites, dermatophagoides farinae, etc. ), various fungi (Penicillium punctatum, Aspergillus fumigatus, Cladosporium, Alternaria, etc. ), cockroaches.
Plant pollen: all kinds of grass pollen (ragweed, humulus, wormwood) and all kinds of tree pollen (mulberry, cypress, phoenix tree, birch, elm, willow, poplar, etc. ).
Animal fur: hair and dander of cats, dogs, horses, pigeons and other animals.
A new revolution in the treatment of allergic diseases
As early as the end of 17 and the beginning of 18, when the earliest microscope was invented, people already knew that there were many microorganisms in the human body, but at that time, people did not realize what role these microorganisms played in the occurrence of various diseases.
Until the end of 19, some scientists put forward the theory of microbial pathogenicity, and they thought that many diseases were caused by microorganisms in the body. After this revolutionary theory was put forward, medical scientists began to identify those microorganisms that can cause fatal diseases, such as bacteria pneumonia and tuberculosis. Doctors have also invented many drugs to try to kill these terrible pathogenic microorganisms.
In this protracted war between human beings and microorganisms, the invention of antibiotics can be said to be a symbol of the great victory of mankind. Since the end of World War II, antibiotics have been widely used all over the world. However, since the 1960s, the incidence of many chronic diseases or diseases caused by other non-pathogenic microorganisms has risen sharply. Allergic asthma is a typical example: there is no evidence that infection with a certain pathogenic microorganism can cause asthma and it is not contagious. However, in recent 40 years, its incidence rate has soared, making it a common and chronic disease with the highest incidence rate among children except respiratory infectious diseases.
Scientists began to pay attention to this strange phenomenon as early as the late 1980s, and many documents mentioned the rising incidence of asthma and allergies. However, until recently, new discoveries and new theories have made people realize that the abuse of antibiotics is closely related to these diseases, and not all microorganisms can cause diseases. Many facts show that some microorganisms can help enhance immunity and prevent or control diseases that cannot be explained by traditional microbial pathogenic theory.
Probiotics are essential to maintain our health. We even think that some microorganisms in the intestine can be regarded as one of the indispensable "organs" of the human body, and no matter their functions or importance, these microorganisms can be compared with the heart, lungs and kidneys. The most important function of this organ is to let us live in peace with the potentially harmful microorganisms we come into contact with in our daily life. If these microorganisms can't function effectively, human beings can't stay healthy or even survive.
For children with allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, eczema and urticaria, these common chronic allergic diseases are very troublesome in the process of children's growth. It is worth mentioning that, for allergic diseases in children, in addition to drug treatment, probiotic antiallergic immunotherapy emphasizes the microecological balance of the human body, and believes that the body should be treated as an organic whole, not just the symptomatic part. Among the reasons for the increase in the incidence of allergic asthma in children, doctors have realized that "premature use of antibiotics after birth has become one of the important reasons for allergic asthma". In recent ten years, hormone inhalation has become the main treatment for allergic cough's disease and allergic asthma in children. Although the treatment of inhaled hormone has less side effects and faster effect than systemic hormone allergy, we still find the disadvantages of inhaled hormone. The side effects of long-term inhalation of hormones and the treatment of allergic children are limited to local areas, and the whole allergic reaction system cannot be treated comprehensively. Many scientists not only firmly agree that probiotics can promote health, but also find that anti-allergic probiotic strains such as Lactobacillus salivarius PM-A0006, Lactobacillus Grignard PM-A0005 and Lactobacillus yoelii PM-A0009 can effectively balance allergic immune response, thus affecting the treatment process of allergic diseases.
Because these safe and natural anti-allergic probiotics-Kangminyuan anti-allergic probiotics can help us to deal with common and difficult allergic diseases such as allergic cough and allergic asthma.
Respiratory allergies are not entirely caused by allergens, but the real culprit is the immune system itself. The immune system of allergic patients cannot correctly identify pollen or fungi. It recognizes these harmless substances as harmful microorganisms, and then an inappropriate immune response occurs: just like an asthma attack, these symptoms may lead to fatal consequences when they are serious.
Study on the Correlation between Allergic Probiotics and Allergic Immune System
In recent years, the mechanism of anti-allergic probiotics regulating immune function and balancing allergic reaction caused by TH2 overreaction has produced a new theory in the field of allergic disease immunology, paving the way for this revolution of anti-allergic probiotics.
Kangminyuan anti-allergic probiotics anti-specific IgE non-drug anti-allergic immunotherapy
It is suitable for people with repeated allergies or allergies to various substances and people with allergies. Can be used for treating allergic symptoms such as allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, allergic cough, urticaria, eczema and atopic dermatitis. The immunomodulation improvement of Kangminyuan fortified probiotics for eczema is generally 65,438+0-3 months, and the improvement for allergic rhinitis, allergic cough and allergic asthma is generally 40-60 days.
Studies have confirmed that some specific probiotics, such as Lactobacillus salivarius and Lactobacillus Grignard, have undergone complete clinical trials: they can colonize in the intestine, stimulate immune cells in the intestine to carry out immune regulation, and have the best regulatory effect on allergic constitution. "Probiotics regulating allergic constitution" has long been recognized in immunology and medicine. According to the functional analysis of genes, probiotic strains with antiallergic genes were found through the latest international strain screening platform (SINT), using gene chips and in vitro gene recombination. Studies have confirmed that Lactobacillus salivarius LS, Lactobacillus Grignard, Lactobacillus yoelii, Lactobacillus lactobacillus paracasei and Lactobacillus Roy all have significant antiallergic functions, among which Lactobacillus salivarius is the most researched strain. Lactobacillus salivarius, Lactobacillus Grignard, Lactobacillus yoelii and lactobacillus paracasei constitute five kinds of compound strains of antiallergic probiotics. Compared with a single strain of antiallergic bacteria, they significantly reduce the individual differences of antiallergic function and have more comprehensive immunoregulation and antiallergic ability.
Allergic children lack antiallergic lactic acid bacteria in their intestines.
There are many kinds of allergens, such as dust mites, bacteria, pollen, protein, milk, soybeans, wheat, mold, meat and so on. Many medical studies have pointed out that allergic problems caused by "excessive secretion of IgE due to immune tolerance" are closely related to good bacteria and bad bacteria in the intestine. Studies have shown that there are fewer beneficial bacteria such as lactic acid bacteria in the intestines of allergic children. Although there are tens of thousands of lactic acid bacteria strains in nature, only a few lactic acid bacteria strains have antiallergic properties. This kind of bacteria, which has a special regulatory effect on "immune tolerance IgE secretion excess", is a Kangminyuan probiotic composed of Lactobacillus salivarius, Lactobacillus Grignard, Lactobacillus yoelii, Lactobacillus lactobacillus paracasei and Lactobacillus Roy. The effect of Lactobacillus salivarius is to reduce serum IgE antibody, promote interferon secretion and improve Th 1 immune response. The function of Lactobacillus Grignard is to reduce serum IgG, which is helpful to reduce the secretion of cytokine IL-5 related to allergic reaction, and can effectively improve the human immune system. Kangminyuan enhanced has the ability to assist in regulating allergic constitution.