Brief introduction of Mongolian yurts
English name of Mongolianyurts: Mongolian yurts
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Brief introduction of Mongolian yurts
Mongolian yurt is a kind of house where Mongolian herders live. Convenient construction and relocation, suitable for animal husbandry production and nomadic life. In ancient times, Mongolian yurts were called vaults, "felt bags" or "felt tents". According to "A Brief Introduction to Black Tatar", "There are two kinds of vaults: Yanjing's system, with Vitamin bone, just like southern thinking, can be rolled up, opened in front of the door, like umbrella bone, and opened at the top, which is called skylight. Both of them are made of felt and can be installed immediately. The grass is made of willow and the diameter is fixed with felt. Can't be rolled up and carried in the car. " With the development of animal husbandry economy and the improvement of herdsmen's living standards, domes or felt tents are gradually replaced by yurts. The yurt has a circular spire, and the top and periphery are covered with a thick layer or two of felt. Ordinary yurts have a top height of 10- 15 feet, a wall height of about 5 feet, and a door facing south or southeast. The four major structures in the bag are Hana (Mongolian yurt fence support), skylight (Mongolian "brain cover"), rafters and doors. Mongolian yurts are usually divided into 40, 60, 80, 100 and 120 hanas according to the number of hanas. Hana 120 yurt is rare on the grassland, with an area of more than 60 square meters, which looks like a castle from a distance. In the past, dozens of such big yurts got together, which was very spectacular.
Traditional residence of Mongolian nomads. In ancient times, it was called vault, also known as felt tent and nomadism. It has appeared since the Xiongnu period and has been in use ever since. The yurt is round, and the surrounding side walls are divided into several pieces, each about 13 meters high, and covered with wooden strips. Most nomadic areas are dominated by swimming. Swimming can be divided into separable and inseparable types. The former is carried by livestock, while the latter is carried by herdsmen such as Niu Cheke, who also live in yurts when they are nomadic.
On the vast Mongolian plateau, the cold wind roared, and many white tents were dotted on the ground. They are yurts.
Mongolian yurts are the daily residence of many Mongolians. Most Mongolians chase their goats, sheep, yaks, horses and camels all year round, looking for new pastures. Mongolian yurts can be packed into luggage, transported to the foothold by several camels, and tents can be set up again.
Traditional folk houses of ancient people. Popular in pastoral areas such as Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. A smoky round sky. The door is small and faces south or southeast. It has the characteristics of simple manufacture, convenient transportation, cold resistance and suitability for grazing. Often used in the meaning of "home" and "home". In ancient times, yurts were called "vault", "felt tent" or "felt house".
Mongolian yurts are round, large and small, and large ones can accommodate more than 20 people; Small enough to hold 10 people. The construction of yurts is very simple. It is generally built in a place suitable for the growth of aquatic plants. Draw a circle according to the size of the yurt first, and then you can start building it according to the size of the circle.
After the yurt was built, people decorated it. Spread a thick carpet and hang picture frames and posters around it. Now some furniture and electrical appliances have also entered the yurt, and life is very comfortable and happy.
The biggest advantage of yurts is that they are easy to assemble and disassemble. Easy to move. When it is erected, the Hannah will be opened to form a circular fence. When dismantled, Hannah will be reduced in size when folded back, and can also be used as a cow and a board. A yurt only needs two humps of a camel or 1 two-wheeled ox cart to carry it away, and it can be built in two or three hours.
Although the yurt looks small in appearance, it has a large use area, good indoor air circulation, good lighting conditions, warm in winter and cool in summer, and is not afraid of wind and rain, which is very suitable for people who often move to pasture to live and use.
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Part of the yurt
Traditional residence of Mongolian nomads. In ancient times, it was called vault, also known as felt tent and nomadism. It has appeared since the Xiongnu period and has been in use ever since. The yurt is round, and the surrounding side walls are divided into several pieces, each about 13 meters high, and covered with wooden strips. Most nomadic areas are dominated by swimming. Swimming can be divided into separable and inseparable types. The former is carried by livestock, while the latter is carried by herdsmen such as Niu Cheke, who also live in yurts when they are nomadic.
Mongolian yurt is mainly composed of wooden frame, felt and rope. No cement, adobe and bricks are used for production, and the raw materials are either wood or wool, which is a wonder in the history of architecture and a great contribution of nomadic people.
1. The scaffolding of yurts: The scaffolding of yurts includes Taonao, Wuni, Hana and Threshold.
(1) Taonao
There are two types of yurts: connecting type and inserting type. Need good wood, generally made of sandalwood or elm. The difference between the two kinds of cladding is that the crossbars of the composite cladding are separated, and the inserted rafters are not separated. The coupling sleeve has three rings, and the outer ring
There are many sticks sticking out from the wall to connect Wu Ni. This set of nao and Wu Ni are connected. Camels are very convenient to transport because they can be divided into two parts.
(2) Uni
Unatong is translated as a rafter, which is the shoulder of a Mongolian yurt, connected to the top and Hana. Its length, size and thickness should be unified, and the requirements for wood should be consistent. The length should be determined by the number of sets of nao, and its number should also change with the number of sets of nao. Only in this way can the yurt be shoulder-length round. Black mud is a slender wooden stick, oval or round. The upper end should be inserted into or connected with the sleeve, and the head must be smooth and slightly bent, otherwise the felt bag will be prone to deflection and dumping. There is a rope buckle at the lower end to put Hannah together. The thickness is determined by Hana, and it is usually stuck in the fork at the end of Hana, and the upper end is just flush. Black mud is usually made of pine or red willow.