Second, the most typical symptoms of diabetes are "three more and one less": drink more, urinate more, eat more and lose weight. However, some diabetics are often "quiet", which is characterized by slow onset, atypical symptoms and even no symptoms of "three more and one less" at all. Therefore, the possibility of diabetes should be suspected when:
1. Unexplained weight change, especially obesity or emaciation;
2, repeated skin, respiratory tract, biliary tract, urinary tract and other infections, or skin wounds do not heal for a long time;
3, skin itching, especially female genital itching and trichomonas and mold infections have been ruled out;
4. Unexplained perceptual disorders, such as numbness, pain or allergy of limbs;
5. Autonomic nerve dysfunction, such as hyperhidrosis (especially hemiplegia), postural hypotension, unexplained urinary retention, urinary incontinence, diarrhea or diarrhea constipation;
6. Vascular diseases of lower limbs, such as chills, cyanosis, intermittent claudication, acronecrosis, blisters, ulcers, etc. ;
7, coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, nephropathy, cerebrovascular accident, etc. ;
8. Unconscious coma.
The measure of early detection is to check fasting and postprandial blood sugar regularly, at least once every six months. Glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed when necessary.
III. Diagnostic criteria of diabetes -20 1 1 year American Diabetes Association (ADA) guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of diabetes
1. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA 1c)≥6.5%. The experiment was conducted by NGSP certification. And standardized by DCCT detection. * or
2. Fasting blood glucose (FPG) ≥ 7.0 mmol/L. An empty stomach is defined as not eating calories for at least 8 hours. * or
3. In the glucose tolerance test (OGTT test), oral glucose for 2 hours should be ≥11.1mmol/L. The test should be carried out according to the standards of the World Health Organization (WHO), and 75 g of anhydrous glucose should be dissolved in water as the sugar load. * or
4. There are hyperglycemia symptoms or hyperglycemia crisis, and the random blood glucose is ≥11.1mmol/L. ..
* If there are no symptoms of hyperglycemia, the standard 1 ~ 3 should be tested again for confirmation.
The 20 10 version of the China Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes still follows the current diagnostic criteria for diabetes (WHO 1999 version), that is, items 2, 3 and 4 in the ADA guidelines. HbA 1c is not included in the diagnostic criteria.
Four, type 2 diabetes high-risk groups:
1, history of impaired glucose regulation.
2. Age ≥45 years old
3. Obesity (body mass index ≥28 kg/m2)
First-degree relatives of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
5, high-risk race
6. Have a history of macrosomia (birth weight ≥4 kg).
7. History of gestational diabetes mellitus
8. Hypertension: blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mm Hg.
9. dyslipidemia: high density lipoprotein ≤35 mg/dl(0.9 1 mmol/L) and triglyceride ≥250 mg/dl(2.75 mmol/L).
10, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases
1 1. Sit-in lifestyle.
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