What are the requirements for exporting cartons?

Since the invention of corrugated board, corrugated box has quickly become one of the most widely used packaging in circulation field. After Americans obtained the patent of "corrugated box with creases" in 1874, in 1930s, coastal cities in China began to manufacture corrugated boxes and used them to package some commodities. However, before the 1970s, the development of this industry was relatively slow, and it was basically manual or semi-automatic manufacturing, and there was no unified product standard in China. 1974, Qingdao and Beijing took the lead in introducing the automatic production line of corrugated cardboard, and the production of corrugated cardboard in China began to enter mechanization. Some large and medium-sized enterprises have their own enterprise standards. With China's reform and opening up, the rapid development of national economy and the rapid growth of foreign trade, the role of corrugated boxes in packaging has increasingly shown its advantages. Some industries that use corrugated boxes and packaging have begun to formulate product packaging standards, such as the national standard "Needle Cotton Fabric Packaging" and the national standard "Washing Powder Packaging". 1985, the national standards GB5033- 1985 Corrugated Boxes for Export Packaging and GB5034- 1985 Corrugated Boards for Export Packaging drafted by China Export Packaging Research Institute and Tianjin Branch were issued. Subsequently, the national standards GB6543- 1986 and GB6546- 1986 "Corrugated Board and Its Measuring Methods" drafted by Tianjin Branch of China Export Commodity Packaging Research Institute, Packaging Research Institute of Ministry of Light Industry and Tianjin Packaging and Decoration Research Institute were released. Through the promulgation and implementation of these standards, as well as the publicity and implementation activities around the standards, the climax of popularizing packaging scientific knowledge has been set off throughout the country, which has promoted the scientific and technological progress of corrugated box manufacturing and the improvement of product quality, and played the role of packaging standardization. Second, discussion on the problems existing in the current standards With the progress of science, people's understanding is constantly improving, and the requirements for packaging in domestic and foreign markets are getting higher and higher. In the process of using standards, it is inevitable to show the limitations that people recognized when they were formulated at that time. Therefore, it is an important task for packaging workers to revise the standard to make it more scientific and perfect. Here are some opinions on some problems existing in the standard for your reference. 1 Strengthen standard management and revise GB5033- 1985 and GB5034- 1985 in time. These two standards can be said to be the first time to formulate corrugated board and carton standards in China. At that time, there was no national standard, which really played a great role in the development of carton industry and the improvement of product quality, and laid the foundation for the formulation of various corrugated board and carton standards in the future. When standards such as corrugated boxes were formulated in 1986, the contents of this standard were originally intended to be included in the national standard of corrugated boxes in 1986, and the notes under the classification table with GB6543- 1986 wrote: "Among them, 1 box is mainly used for export and transportation and packaging of valuables; Category 2 boxes are mainly used for transportation and packaging of domestic products; Category 3 boxes are mainly used for short-distance and low-cost commodity transportation and packaging. " However, due to the administrative management and system at that time, it was difficult to coordinate the problems of several different units, so the so-called "foreign trade" and "domestic trade" coexisted. Because these two standards were formulated earlier, they have not been revised, and some measurement units or illegal measurement units have long been unable to meet the needs of today's export packaging. The release of commodity inspection regulation SN/T0262- 1993 actually replaced GB5033- 1985 and GB 5034- 1983. GB6544- 1986 was revised in 1998, but its supporting GB6543- 1986 has not been revised so far, so that several related test method standards and corrugated board standards can not be used well together. Therefore, the relevant departments should organize the revision of packaging standards as soon as possible to give full play to the role of standards. 2 Determination of performance indicators in corrugated box standards There were some misunderstandings about the determination of performance indicators of packaging materials and packaging containers in the past. The higher the index, the more advanced it is. Even some indicators have exceeded the limit of the performance of paper materials. Some light items packed in cartons, such as instant noodles, have high performance indexes according to national standards, but in actual use, such strong cartons are not needed to meet the needs of packaging and transportation. Because the standard index is set high, both the supply and demand sides will increase the cost, which not only causes economic losses, but more importantly, because the standard is set inappropriately and wastes a lot of resources. Human resources are limited, and we should not leave regrets for future generations because of our own understanding. The function of packaged products is to protect commodities, and its strength should meet the needs of packaging, transportation and storage. Therefore, in the standard, setting the performance index just right is the scientific and advanced standard. In the past, when making standards, it was often manufacturers and users. In order to consider your own interests, you should refer to the indicators in the standard. In the future, when formulating and revising the standards, it is necessary to attract technicians from some inspection institutions to participate, and determine the indicators through scientific argumentation and experimental verification, so as to make the indicators as appropriate and reasonable as possible, which not only reflects the needs, but also reflects energy conservation and environmental protection. This is an advanced standard. The effect of packaging depends on the overall packaging design. Corrugated boxes are just one of the functions. Due to the characteristics of paper products, their strength is limited. The standard can't specify the performance that cartons can't do, such as anti-reprint, drop and so on. It is achieved through packaging. These tasks cannot be accomplished by cartons alone. Therefore, the role of packaging design is very important. Designers can calculate, test and design reasonable packaging to meet the packaging requirements. For example, if you want to improve the compression resistance of cartons, you can add matching accessories to the inner wall of cartons. Reasonable design of box shape, geometric size, printing position, punching hole and button position will improve the strength of carton. Packaging cushioning materials, reasonable stacking and transportation methods will improve the packaging effect of cartons. However, people often only realize the use of good raw materials to increase the strength of cartons, while ignoring the importance of reasonable packaging design. Therefore, when revising the standard, we should pay attention to this point, give people a chance to choose, do not guide people to blindly pursue high-strength packaging materials, but should make more efforts in packaging design. Corrugated board and corrugated box standards can only be used as the basic standards for packaging materials and packaging containers. Because of the diversity of goods, the complexity of packaging materials is determined. "Packaging product standard" cannot replace "product packaging standard". Various products should formulate their own corresponding product packaging standards according to their own product characteristics, value, transportation, storage methods, environmental conditions and circulation time. 3 Understanding the moisture content in the standard The moisture content of corrugated board has been discussed for many years. To set this index reasonably, we must first understand the influence of moisture content on corrugated board and the significance of setting this index in the standard. In my opinion, the water content stipulated in the standard has two meanings: one is to explain the various strength indexes corresponding to the state of paperboard through the water content. We know that paper materials are hydrophilic, and their water content has a great influence on strength. However, due to the influence of external environment, the moisture content in cardboard is changing at any time, and the strength of cardboard is also changing with the change of moisture content. If only the intensity index is specified in the standard, but the state of the tested object is not specified, it is one-sided and cannot be strictly operated in the detection. Therefore, the water content specified in GB6544- 1986 and other indicators are in the same table, which is measured after standard environmental treatment, showing the correlation between them. Look at foreign standards, such as Japanese standards. However, it is unscientific for GB/T6544- 1999 to delete the moisture content in the table, and the significance of moisture content in corrugated board is not fully understood. Therefore, it is suggested to increase the moisture content in the table when revising. GB/T6544- 1999 stipulates the moisture content of corrugated board when it leaves the factory, which is of little significance and difficult to operate when testing. As far as the packaging, storage and transportation methods specified in the standard are concerned, there is no guarantee that the moisture content of corrugated board will not change. Corrugated board is different from paper products. When trading, it is measured in tons, and it will not lose any aspect of supply and demand because of moisture content, so it is not necessary to specify the moisture content index for delivery. The actual influence of corrugated board moisture content on the board is the process of entering the next process, such as slotting, indentation, printing, nailing box and so on. Corrugated board is too dry and wet to handle. For corrugated boxes, their moisture content will affect the packaging operation and contents, such as cracking, mildew and deterioration of contents. These are the conditions of use. The standard should stipulate that corrugated board should be grooved, indented, printed or used for packaging when the moisture content is%. 4 appearance inspection in the process of commodity circulation, corrugated boxes play a role in protecting commodities on the one hand and promoting commodities on the other. Different packaging has different requirements for appearance for different packaging purposes. Therefore, the different requirements for appearance should be reflected in 1, 2, and 3 types of cartons. The appearance quality requirements of export packaging, expensive commodity packaging and sales packaging should be stricter, while for short-distance transportation, the appearance requirements of cheap commodity packaging should be slightly looser to save costs. The current corrugated box standard has made some descriptive provisions on the appearance, which I think is not enough. Some items must have quantitative requirements, otherwise they cannot be tested. For example, the standard stipulates that "the box is square" and "the nails are evenly spaced". How to call square and "nail spacing" is "uneven" There is no uniform scale for inspection. Especially when there is a quality dispute, the inspectors are at a loss and cannot make a fair and reasonable judgment. Different appearance items have different effects on the quality of corrugated boxes. Some appearance defects only affect the appearance, while others affect the internal strength of the box. If the printed words and drawings are wrong, even if other items are reasonable, the whole batch of cartons can not be used. Therefore, appearance items should also be treated differently. Instead of the "two unqualified items are judged as unqualified" stipulated in the current standard, the appearance quality is reasonably evaluated according to the severity of appearance defects. 5 About the Shelf Life of Cardboard and Carton The main raw materials for manufacturing corrugated boxes are cardboard, corrugated paper and adhesive. Will change at any time under the influence of the environment. With the increase of production and storage time, the strength will decrease, or crack due to water loss, or deteriorate, which will affect the use. In the process of supervision and inspection, we often encounter quality disputes between suppliers and suppliers, so it is very difficult to judge the cartons stored in the warehouse for many years because there is no shelf life in the standard, and the inspection results can not represent the carton transaction. Therefore, it is necessary to consider increasing the shelf life when revising the standard. 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