The track of fifty-four years, a brief account of Zhuge Liang's life.
Zhuge Liang was born in 18 1 year, and was born in Yang Du, Langya County in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Xian Di, the last emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty, was also born in the same year.
Yang Du is located in yinan county, which is equivalent to the intersection of Yishui and Dong Wen. Linyi County, 50 kilometers south of yinan county, has many historical sites about Zhuge Liang. There is a local town of Zhuge with a population of 1000. It is said that Zhuge Liang lived here when he was a teenager, and there is also an ancient grave on the nearby mountain. The tablet is engraved with the words "Zhuge Wuhou's first visit". After 1800 years, Zhuge Liang's hometown still retains many historical relics about Zhuge Liang. Whether true or not, Zhuge Liang's charm can be seen.
Zhuge family, originally living in Dong County (now Zhucheng County), should be surnamed Ge at that time, and then moved. Because there are also Gejia in the local area, all counties are called Gejia for the sake of separation. Over time, it became Zhuge Yi Shi. And Zhuge Jia has gradually become a noble family of Yang Du generation.
Zhuge Feng, the ancestor of Zhuge Liang, was once the official minister of Emperor Han and Yuan, and was famous for his integrity. He also lost his official position because of honest and frank and became a civilian.
Zhuge Liang's father Jue (died at the age of 12) and his mother (died at the age of 9) both worked as county officials in Taishan. There are three sons and one daughter between Jue and Zhang. ) that is, my brother (in Wu, an official to a general), my brother Zhuge Jun (with Shu, an official to a captain in Changshui), my sister (a sister) and Pang Zhuge (married to Pang Shanmin, the son of Pang Gong, an official to Wei, and an official to Huang Men).
This is the environment of Zhuge family, which is Zhuge Liang's background.
(Ping said: It is not difficult to see that Zhuge family is a noble family, but it has declined in the family since Zhuge Feng. Perhaps it is this environment that makes Zhuge Liang not only lose the influence of scholarly family, but also avoid the breath of aristocratic men. On the contrary, he is pragmatic because he needs to take care of himself. )
Move to Longzhong.
Three years after Zhuge Liang was born (AD 184), the Yellow Scarf Uprising broke out. When Zhuge Liang brothers lost their parents one after another, the responsibility of taking care of them fell on uncle Zhuge Xuan.
At that time, Yuan Shu was the commanding general of Yangzhou regime, and it happened that yu zhang died because of Zhou Shu. In order to exert his influence, Yuan Shu chose Zhuge Xuan as the new satrap. Zhuge family is a noble family in Yang Du, and seems to have a long history with Yuan family. Perhaps because of this, Zhuge Xuan was put into use.
Zhuge Xuan took Zhuge Liang and his sister-in-law to his post and entrusted Yang Du's home to Zhu Gejin. Later, Zhu Gejin and his stepmother went to Jiangdong to escape the war.
In this way, Zhuge family completely left Yang Du's hometown. Since then, no one has been able to return home alive. It can be said that the Zhuge family, who was displaced by the war at that time, was in a very miserable situation.
Zhuge Xuan, who was sent to Zhang Yu, met Zhu Hao, the county magistrate of the Eastern Han Dynasty, because his appointment was only arbitrary by Yuan Shu. Under the confrontation, Zhuge Xuan was defeated, so he had to take refuge in his old friend Liu Biao. Zhuge Liang 15 years old.
Xiangyang ruled by Liu Biao was not affected by the war at that time, so Zhuge family also settled here. Zhuge Liang's study tour should also be in this period. During this period, Zhuge Liang's sister married Pang Shanmin, the son of the Pang family.
Zhuge Liang 17 years old, his uncle Zhuge Xuan also died. Zhuge Liang and his younger brother both moved to Longzhong, a suburb of Xiangyang, and lived there for 10 years.
Longzhong, yes.
The official history of Zhuge Liang in Longzhong 10 years is as follows:
"Xuan pawn, bright farming, good for Yin. He is eight feet tall, and every time he compares himself with Guan Zhong and Le Yi, he is incomparable. Bolingcui and Yingchuan are generous, hearty and friendly, and they can be called loyal. "
Liang Yinfu is a Shandong folk song, which tells the story of two peaches killing three scholars. Young Zhuge Liang likes this folk song because he misses his hometown and thinks about the way to survive in tactics.
10 years, Zhuge Liang made constant efforts to improve himself through contacts with local celebrities, or it can be said that Zhuge Liang's wisdom in his life became within this decade.
In Jian 'an 12 (AD 207), 47-year-old Liu Beisan visited Zhuge Liang in Longzhong, when Zhuge Liang was only 27 years old. Official records are as follows:
"When the first Lord Tun Xinye. When Xu Shu met the first master, he took care of the equipment first and said that the first master said,' Wolong Zhu Gekongming, would you like to meet the general?' The late Lord said, "Come with me." Shu Yue: "This man can be seen, but he can't be wronged. The general should be in charge. "Therefore, the first Lord Ming, see you every three rounds. Because of the screen man's day:' Han is dead, * I stole my life, and the Lord was covered with dust. Loneliness, I want to believe that the righteousness is greater than the sky, and my wisdom is too short, so I use it wildly. As for today. However, the ambition is not over yet, and you said that the plan will come out? Liang Dao said, "Since Dong Zhuo came, there have been many heroes, and countless people have crossed the state and even joined the county. "。 Compared with Yuan Shao, Cao Cao is less famous and has fewer people. However, Cao overcame salt and took the weak as the strong, which was not only the right time, but also the right place. Today, millions of Cao Cao are vassals with the emperor. This sincerity is indisputable. According to Sun Quan, he lived in Jiangdong for three generations, and the country was in danger of the people. He can use it. It can be used for aid, but not for profit. Jingzhou is bordered by Han and Mian in the north, benefiting from it; it is connected with Tongba and Shu in the east and adjacent to it in the west. This is a martial arts country, but its owner can't keep it. This is almost a day, so it is a general. Does the general care? Yizhou is a dangerous place, fertile land is thousands of miles away, and the land of abundance makes Gaozu emperor. Liu Zhang is weak, Zhang Lu is in the north, the rich people don't know how to save their shirts, and the wise think of the wise. "
Zhuge Liang's analysis of the general trend of the world does have his unique insights. He knows the general trend of the world without leaving home.
"'the general is the emperor's room, and the letter is everywhere. He is a hero. He is thirsty. If there are Jing and Li, and their rock resistance is guaranteed, then the west and Zhu Rong, the south and Sun Quan, make good friends with foreign countries and internal politics; If the world changes, a general will be ordered to lead Jingzhou troops to Wan and Luo, and the general will lead Yizhou people out of Qinchuan. Who dares to meet the general without eating kettle pulp? If so, hegemony can be realized and the Han family can flourish. "The late Lord said,' Good!' "
The above is the plan to divide the world into three parts. In the later period, Shu basically developed according to this strategic policy, which greatly promoted the rise of Liu Bei and the formation of a three-point world.
(Many people have cited that the "Three Points in the World" plan is not unique to Zhuge Liang's family. For example, Lu Su once proposed this plan. So Zhuge Liang's talent is not great. Stupid idea. Great minds think alike. At that time, Zhuge Liang was still Xiao Bai, and Lu Su was an important figure in Soochow. Zhuge Liang is white, and he is talented to have such an opinion. What's more, Zhuge Liang's three-thirds system is simply out of date, and he foolishly thinks that since Zhuge Liang's plan has achieved great success in the later period, the three-thirds system is not out of date. It is also said that Zhuge's three-thirds system has become a thing of the past in the later period, and Zhuge still regards it as a strategic policy, which is inevitably outdated. Foolish thought that the only way out for Shu, which lost Jingzhou, was the Northern Expedition. Therefore, Zhuge did not adapt to the times, but moved northward according to the three-point policy, which was the only way out for Shu. )
"So have a good day with a bright feeling. Guan Yu, Zhang Fei and others were unhappy, and the late master explained:' There is a hole in the sky alone, and there is water in the fish. May you say nothing more. "Feather, flying is the only way."
It can be seen from this passage that Liu Bei trusts Zhuge Liang very much, and Zhuge Liang's position as a strategist has been consolidated. Not only Liu Bei trusts Zhuge Liang, but Liu Qi also admires Zhuge Liang. The official history has such a record:
"Liu table eldest son qi, also deep. I love my little son, but I am not happy with Qi. Every time he tries to protect himself from Liang, Liang refuses to stop him and doesn't draw anywhere. Qi Nai will visit the backyard with Liang, go to the high-rise building to drink, and go to the ladder alone. Because Liang said,' Today, I can't go to heaven or go to the ground. Can I say no? Liang said, "Don't you see that the danger is at stake, but it's outside?" ? Qi Yi felt that Yin Gui had exercised. Huang Zu was killed in battle, so he became the prefect of Jiangxia. "
Battle of Red Cliffs.
In the 13th year of Jian 'an (AD 208), after Cao Cao pacified the north, he invaded the south on a large scale, targeting Liu Biao in Jingzhou and Sun Quan in Jiangdong.
"Russian table pawn, cong smell tso to sign, afford to please. The late Master Fan led his troops south to Xu Shu, and was chased by Tsao Kung, who got his concubine. When I said goodbye to my predecessor, I pointed to his heart and said, "I wanted to compete with the generals and dominate the industry, so I occupied this place." "Now that I have lost my mother, I am a mess. It's no use. Please say goodbye. " So, tso. "
Liu Biao died and Liu Cong surrendered. Liu Bei was chased by Cao Cao after refusing Zhuge Liang's plan to attack Xiangyang, and fled to Xiakou after defeat.
At that time, Jingzhou was basically controlled by Cao Cao, and the only resistance was Liu Bei and Liu Qi in Jiangxia and Xiakou. In the face of Cao Cao's army, Zhuge Liang turned the crisis around.
Zhuge Liang did not exert his ability to reverse Gan Kun when Liu Bei fled. But Zhuge Liang suggested a sneak attack on Xiangyang when Cao Cao approached and Liu Cong surrendered. But Liu Bei didn't adopt it, so he was isolated and defeated. So it's not that Zhuge Liang didn't give full play to his ability, but that Zhuge Liang was unable to save Liu Bei from adopting Zhuge Liang's strategy, and Cao Jun was strong that day. No matter what kind of wise man, under such circumstances, he can only fail. It's not that Zhuge doesn't want to do it, but that he doesn't want to do it. )
At that time, Liu Bei assembled troops in Jiangxia and Xiakou, with only 2,000 people, plus Guan Yu's water army and Liu Qi's troops, but more than 10,000 people. It is really impossible to fight against Cao Cao's next onslaught. At this time, Zhuge Liang immediately put forward the idea of uniting Wu and personally served as special envoy.
Official records are as follows:
Xia Kou said, "It's urgent." . Please order General Sun for help. Right in wood mulberry reinforcements, just watching. Liang said, "There was chaos at sea. The general led troops in Jiangdong, and Liu Yuzhou also took over Hannan, competing with Cao Cao for the world. Today, the defeat of barbarians is a great disaster, and it is a little flat, so Jingzhou is broken and the world is awesome. Heroes are useless, so Yuzhou fled here. The general does what he can: if he can compete with China with the people of wuyue, he might as well give up as soon as possible; If you can't do it, why not put the case in the north! Today, in the name of submission, the general hesitates, things are urgent, and it never rains but it pours! Quan said, "If you say so, why doesn't Liu Yuzhou do it?" ? "Liang said:" Tian Heng, a strong man of Qi, is still loyal to his righteousness and does not disgrace his body. In addition, Liu Yuzhou's royal talents are outstanding and admired by all the people. When the water returns to the sea, it will be heaven if something goes wrong. " Quan flew into a rage and said, "I can't afford to support the whole kingdom of Wu, and hundreds of thousands of people are subject to others." I made up my mind! You can't be Cao Cao unless you are Liu Yuzhou. However, after Yuzhou's new defeat, is it hard for Ann to resist this? "Liang said," Although the Yuzhou army was defeated by Nagano, there are still 10,000 troops in Guan Yu's water army, not less than 10,000 in Jiangxia's Liu Qibing. Cao Cao's men, exhausted from afar, heard that they chased Yuzhou and rode for more than 300 miles a day and night. This so-called' the strong will die, and it is impossible to wear Lu'. Therefore, the art of war is taboo, saying, "You must be a general." Northerners don't learn to fight in water; Moreover, the people of Jingzhou attached a symbol, forcing soldiers to take advantage of the situation, unconvinced. Now, the general can lead tens of thousands of soldiers to form a brave army and defeat Cao Cao's army together with Yuzhou Xiegui. If Cao Cao's army is broken, it will return to the north. In this way, the situation of Jing and Wu will be stronger and the feet will be formed. The chance of success or failure lies in today. "Quan Da Yue sent Zhou Yu, Cheng Pu, Lu Su and other 30,000 water troops to follow Liang Yi's ancestors and strongly reject Tsao Gong."
At this time, Zhuge Liang, giving full play to the true qualities of diplomats, had an eloquent conversation with Sun Quan and even the whole Wu Jun think tank. Wu Jun finally joined the fight after successfully using the Agitation Plan.
With the departure of Wu Jun, Zhuge Liang's mission in Battle of Red Cliffs came to an end.
"Tso defeated in Chibi, and led the army to build his powers. The ancestors took over Jiangnan, took Liang as the commander of the army, made him the prefect of Lingling, Guiyang and Changsha, and adjusted his taxes to banish the army. "
Followed by Wu Jun's 30,000 and Cao Jun's more than 200,000 battles, which ended in Zhou Yuhuo's success and Cao Cao's defeat. At this moment, Zhuge Liang is more watching from the rear with Liu Bei. History shows that Liu Bei "has a plan to advance and retreat." There is no such wonderful story as the romance.
In Battle of Red Cliffs, Zhuge Liang is the only outstanding British martial artist. Although there were not many performances, Zhuge Liang's accurate judgment on the alliance with Wu before Battle of Red Cliffs and his low profile in the confrontation between Wu and Wei fully demonstrated Zhuge Liang's extraordinary military talents. These strategies, in Battle of Red Cliffs, tried to push the weak Liu Bei Group to the edge of the whirlpool at that time, so as to avoid being damaged in the general assembly war. At the same time, it also saves energy and prepares for post-war profit. After Chibi, Liu Bei's military actions were really active, such as entering Nanjun and conquering four counties. )
After Chibi, Sun and Liu joined forces to attack Nanjun. Later, Liu Bei followed Zhuge Liang's advice and led the army south to pacify the four counties. Zhou Yu was exempted from public security, and when he temporarily borrowed Jingzhou, Zhuge Liang officially became a corps commander, in charge of governing Lingling, Guiyang and Changsha counties. Zhuge Liang set up a base camp in Linzheng to rule the three counties, and the task was to "adjust its taxes to banish the army." Liu Bei handed over the management task of the rear area to Zhuge Liang, and Zhuge Liang also gave full play to his political talents and adopted smooth political skills, providing Liu Bei with a solid rear area and a steady stream of materials.
And he himself has worked in this position for nearly five years.
Head of internal affairs.
In the 16th year of Jian 'an (AD 2 1 1), Liu Zhang, an animal husbandry in Yizhou, asked Liu Bei to send troops to pacify Mi Pai in Hanzhong. Liu Bei then led the troops into surprisingly with Pang Tong and Huang Zhong as the main generals. At that time, Zhuge Liang stayed in Jingzhou to take charge of internal affairs.
The following year, Liu Bei broke with Liu Zhang and marched into Chengdu. However, the military action was not smooth, and Liu Zhang met with stubborn resistance from Zhang Ren and others, and strategist Pang Tong was killed. It was in this situation that Zhuge Liang led the army to Sichuan for help for the first time.
After that, Liu Zhang was pacified and Shu was pacified. Zhuge Liang's plan to divide the world into three parts has also taken shape.
At the age of 34, Zhuge Liang served as the chief strategist and became the highest military and political assistant officer.
"In the sixteenth year of Jian 'an, the profit shepherd Liu sent the method to meet the claim, which made Zhang Lu. Liang and Guan Yu Town Jingzhou. After Zhang was born, he attacked him, and Liang, Zhang Fei and Zhao Yun led their troops back to the river, enfeoffment the counties, and camp out with him. Chengdu Ping, with Liang as the chief strategist, is in charge of the left general's office. When my ancestors went to war, they often guarded Chengdu, with plenty of food and grass and soldiers. "
It is not difficult to see from the official records that Zhuge Liang's role from Jingzhou to Yizhou is mainly the head of internal affairs. This aspect fully shows Zhuge Liang's strengths in internal affairs.
In the 20th year of Jian 'an (AD 2 15), Sun Quan demanded that Shu be returned to Jingzhou on the grounds that Liu Bei had occupied Yizhou. For Wu, Jingzhou should be a new territory, while for Shu, Jingzhou is not only the birthplace of the Shu army, but also an important stronghold of the world. So Liu Bei prevaricated and angered Sun Quan. Sun Quan attempted to forcibly enter Changsha, Lingling and Guiyang counties. Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang also commanded 50 thousand troops to enter the public security.
Just when the relationship between the two sides developed to be explosive, things ushered in an opportunity for change. At this time, Cao Cao led his troops to conquer Hanzhong area and threatened Yizhou.
In desperation, Liu Bei had to give in and sent Zhuge Liang to meet Zhu Gejin, the representative of Wu State, to reach a settlement agreement. The Jingzhou problem has finally been solved temporarily.
(Ping said: This time Zhuge Liang and Zhu Gejin should have met for the first time since Chibi because of the guild meeting, but they only haggled over the Jingzhou issue and did not meet privately. It is enough to see that both Kong Ming and his brother have excellent moral character and political consciousness, and they are clear about public and private affairs. )
Within four years after the Jingzhou issue was temporarily solved, Liu Bei and Cao Cao fought for the ownership of Hanzhong, and finally they were defeated and acceded to the throne. Zhuge Liang stayed in Chengdu during this period, and his contribution was to supplement food, grass and soldiers.
Most of Zhuge Liang's legacy before Liu Bei's death is, for example, the story of Xiao He. His political talents were fully demonstrated during this period, which established his position as a politician. )
Prime minister Shu.
After Guan Yu lost Jingzhou and was killed by Soochow, Cao Cao died in Luoyang in the 25th year of Jian 'an (AD 220), and his son Piji. In October of the same year, Cao Pi established the Wei Dynasty and abolished the Han Dynasty.
In April of the following year, Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor at the request of ministers and rebuilt the Han Dynasty. Zhuge Liang, however, naturally became the founding prime minister, only 4 1 year old.
"Twenty-six years ago, the regiment advised the ancestors to call the title, but the ancestors did not allow it. Liang said, "In the past, some people, such as Wu Han and Geng Yan, advised Sai-jo to be emperor, and Sai-jo resigned from four to four. All heroes in the world howl, and there is hope. If you don't listen to the discussion, the scholar-officials will all belong to the Lord, not from the public. "sai-jo is so sincere, he agreed. Today, Cao Shi usurps the Han Dynasty, and there is no owner in the world. The great king, Liu Miao, rose from the world and today is the throne, which is also appropriate. Scholars who have worked hard with the king for a long time also want to be pure words. " After the Lord acceded to the throne, the policy beam is Cheng Xiang. He said: "I am not built by my family. I am eager to unite and work hard. I refuse to take Kangning and think for the people. I am afraid I will not be defeated. Yu! The Prime Minister knows what I want. He doesn't have to help me. He helps to spread the light and illuminate the world. What a pity! " There is a history of prime minister in Ming dynasty, and it is a holiday. After Zhang Fei died, he served as a captain. "
The prime minister records history for political leaders. Holidays are the supreme authority, which also gives Zhuge Liang the right to act first. Later, an official captain was added with the authority to impeach officials. It can be said that after Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor, Zhuge Liang became a role below one person and above ten thousand people.
Despite such supreme power, Zhuge Liang must have a hard time. The fall of Jingzhou made Zhuge Liang's strategy of the Second Road Northern Expedition almost completely ruined. The only solution is to stabilize Sun Shi. This may allow Dongwu to catch up with Jingzhou all the way and repair the blueprint of the three-point plan as much as possible.
However, things are not as Zhuge Liang expected. During the period since Guan Yu was killed, the idea of revenge for Guan Yu has been indelible in Liu Bei's heart. In July of the same year, Liu Bei set out to attack Wu regardless of Zhuge Liang's opposition. What's more, during the First World War of Yiling, the Shu army suffered heavy losses in its savings for many years.
Jingzhou fell, which made the three-point strategy a bit of a cake. Now, the Shu army, who worked hard with Liu Bei for many years, lost his life in Yiling. The national strength of Shu suddenly fell to the lowest point. Zhuge Liang at this time, although he had supreme power in internal affairs, he could never have military power in the military. Coupled with Liu Bei's arbitrariness and the intervention of external forces. Zhuge Liang is like a lonely boat in the sea, drifting with the tide.
(Although Kong Ming ascended the high position of prime minister in these short years, he must be the most unhappy Kong Ming since he came out of the mountain. Alas, how heavy will Zhuge Liang feel at that moment? It should be bad for you to stand by and watch what you can't change approach step by step. )
After Liu Bei's defeat, Zhuge Liang had to shoulder the lifeline of the whole Shu country. It can be said that Zhuge Liang really broke through the political gap and got his hands on the Shu military. The price he paid was the loss of Jingzhou and a large number of elite troops, which was definitely not worth it. But in any case, Zhuge Liang must accept this mission with sadness.
"In the spring of Zhangwu three years, the late owner Yu Yongan was seriously ill and called Liang to Chengdu. Later, Liang said, "You are only ten times as good as Cao Pi, so you can settle down in the world and eventually achieve great things. If the heir can supplement it, supplement it; If you are incompetent, you can take it yourself. "Bright tears said," I dare to use all my strength to serve Loyalty Day and then die! "The first Lord also wrote a letter to the later lords, saying," If you work with the Prime Minister, you are as good as your father. "In the first year of Lite, Wu Xiang Hou was sealed, and the government was set up to manage affairs. In a short time, he led Yizhou shepherd. No matter how big or small the political affairs are, we should also look at the salt. All the counties in the south and middle have rebelled, which is a great loss for them. So they increased their troops without delay and sent envoys to hire Wu. Because of their marriage, they became friends of the country. "
After Liu Bei's death, Zhuge Liang became the Yizhou shepherd, which made his power carry out from the central government to the local government. At this moment, Zhuge Liang immediately started substantive work, resumed his alliance with Wu, and adopted the strategy of resting at home with the people.
Liu Chan succeeded to his throne. Although he was mediocre, he kept his father's last words and left everything to Zhuge Liang. The policies advocated by Zhuge Liang have been carried out more comprehensively than in Liu Bei's period.
(Zhuge Liang really set foot on the big stage of the whole world at this moment. If Zhuge Liang established his position as a statesman in the first half of his life, then the subsequent Northern Expedition fully demonstrated his qualities as a strategist and established his position in one fell swoop. )
Expedition, northern expedition.
The Southern Expedition and the Northern Expedition can be said to be Zhuge Liang's most eye-catching time. The following is a brief summary of Zhuge Liang's death in Wuzhangyuan from the first year of Jianxing to the twelfth year of Jianxing.
In the first year of Jianxing (A.D. 223), Deng Zhi and Wu Xiumeng were sent to help repair the three-point blueprint.
In the second year of Jianxing (A.D. 224), he cultivated in the valley and shared interest with the people behind closed doors. In the same year, Wei attacked Wu and returned in vain.
In March of the third year of lite (AD 225), Zhuge Liang led the army south and Meng Nan was pacified. It was returned to Chengdu this year1February. In the same year, Wei attacked Wu again and still stopped Guangling.
In the fourth year of Jianxing (AD 226), he ruled Rong and lectured on martial arts, actively prepared materials and prepared for the Northern Expedition. This year, Wei Wendi xelloss died, and Ming Di held his ground. Wu Xingbing attacked Wei for nothing.
Kong Ming made full preparations in the fifth year of Jian 'an (AD 227) and went to Liu Chan in March this year, embarking on the road of the Northern Expedition. Shu troops gathered near Yangpingguan in Hanzhong, waiting for an opportunity to attack. In the same year, Sima Yi was appointed to be stationed in Wan to command the army at the border with Wu.
In the spring of the sixth year of lite (AD 228), the pioneer of Ma Su violated the operational policy and was defeated by Jieting. Kong Ming had to retreat. Back in Hanzhong, Kongming "beheaded Ma Su with tears" and asked him to be demoted to General Right and Prime Minister to show his responsibility. In the summer, Wu defeated the generals Cao Xiu and Wei Jun, and Zhuge Liang became a model and sent his troops to the Northern Expedition. In the winter of December, the more dispersed the siege of Chencang was for more than 20 days, because the defenders of Chencang were closely guarded, Wei reinforcements arrived again, and the Shu army ran out of food. Defeat the chasing Wei Jun and kill the enemy general, Xinmeile Co., Ltd.
In the spring of the seventh year of Jianxing (AD 229), General Chen Shi pacified Wudu and Yin Ping counties. In order to contain Guo Huai's enemy Yongzhou secretariat, Kong Ming went out to build up his power and returned it after achieving his strategic goal. In April of the same year, the rising sun rose.
In the spring of the eighth year of Jianxing (AD 230), Wei launched an attack. Sima Yi attacked Hanzhong from Xicheng along the Hanshui River, Zhang He attacked from the Meridian Valley, Cao Zhen attacked from the Oblique Valley, and Zhuge Liang deployed in Chenggu and Akasaka to strengthen combat preparations. Wei gave up because the road was blocked by continuous heavy rain and the attack was blocked. Wu can't attack Wei Hefei.
In the spring and February of the ninth year of Jianxing (AD 23 1 year), Kong Ming personally led an army to attack Qishan again. Sima Yi, commander of Wei Diaowan City, was responsible for resisting the Shu army. The Kongming team was blocked by Zhong Da's solid defense. In the summer of June, the Shu army had to withdraw because of running out of food and grass, during which Zhang He was killed.
In the tenth year of Jianxing (AD 232), soldiers were allowed to rest in Hanzhong, reward agriculture, store rations, make "wooden cows and horses" and other means of transportation, and train soldiers to prepare for expeditions. Wu Mou attacked Lujiang and then turned back.
In the winter of the 11th year of Jianxing (AD 233), the military supplies were collected at the oblique valley entrance of the expedition route and the post station was renovated. In the same year, Wu Mou attacked Hefei New Town and was defeated halfway.
In the 12th year of Jianxing (AD 234), he led a hundred thousand troops to attack from Gu Jie. "Cow" and "Liu Ma" were first used to transport rations. Out of the south bank of the Weihe River, deployed in Wuzhangyuan, ready to fight a protracted war. Stalemate with Sima Yi for more than one hundred days. He fell ill in autumn and August and died in the army. It is worth mentioning that Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty also died in the same year. Zhuge was born in the same year as Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty, died in the same year, and finally both reached the age of 54.
No matter from the correct strategy of the southern expedition or the situation of the northern expedition, Zhuge Liang's military attainments did not reach the peak, but he also showed his power. It is most appropriate to take "caution" as the summary of Zhuge's fighting. Lost in the army, you can only sigh: "But he died before he could conquer, and the heroes cried on their coats." In addition, articles criticizing Zhuge Liang repeatedly mentioned that Zhuge Liang frequently used troops against Wei and consumed national strength. However, as can be seen from the above information, the fighting between Wu and Wei is more frequent and intense than that between Shu and Wei. Are critics finding fault in an egg? Since Zhuge Liang was summed up as "cautious" by later generations, I believe he will definitely aim at being unbeaten. At that time, the national strength of Shu was enough to cope with the Northern Expedition, and Zhuge tried his best to solve the problem of food and grass by himself. )
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