Scientists have many stories that can attract us, so today let’s take a look at the short stories of scientists!
Scientists’ Stories Genius in Wheelchair amp; mdash;amp;mdash;Hawking
On the occasion of the new millennium, the White House of the United States gave a series of speeches, among which the science-themed speech was "Imagination and Change---The Next Millennium" Science". Its speaker is Stephen Hawking, professor of the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics at the University of Cambridge in the United Kingdom and "wheelchair genius". He is severely disabled and can only move three fingers on his hands. This extremely disabled and extremely intelligent scientist became the ideal candidate for this unusual lecture.
Nicknamed "Einstein"
In the 1990s, it became fashionable to talk about cosmology. Although the Big Bang theory is not a new theory, it is still popular among the public. But very novel. Especially when it comes to Hawking, people show great interest and call him the best physicist since Einstein.
Hawking is British. He was born on January 8, 1942. This day happens to be the 300th anniversary of the death of Galileo, the Italian physicist and founder of modern physics. A few days ago it was Newton's birthday: January 4, 1643. Of course, this does not mean that the newly born little Hawking has a golden halo on his head. In Hawking's own words: "I estimate that about 200,000 babies were born on the same day."
Little Hawking is like an ordinary child. He likes toys and is fascinated by toy trains. He even spent his own money to buy an electric train. As a teenager, Hawking also enjoyed making model airplanes and ships, and even tried to invent games such as factories to make parts of different colors, roads and railways to transport products, and a stock market. Hawking and a classmate were responsible for compiling the rules of the game. When programming these games, Hawking's goal is to "build models that I can control and can be driven." "These games and productions all come from the requirement to explore things and control them." This requirement has always driven Hawking to "explore things" and even continues to play a role in later cosmological research.
During school, Hawking was placed in a very good class. Although his grades never ranked in the top half, he was still respected by his classmates, who gave him a "nickname" - -Einstein. Hawking has some good classmates in his class. They like to listen to music, especially classical music, such as Mozart, Mahler, and Beethoven. They also go to the concert hall to listen to music. They also often discuss some scientific and religious issues, such as the origin of the universe and whether the operation of the universe requires the role of God.
Focusing on the vast universe
In the last two years of middle school, a mathematics teacher came to the class. His inspiring teaching inspired Hawking's interest in mathematics and physics. Although his father also encouraged him to study science, he wanted him to study biology, which was similar to his father's major. Recalling his studies in middle school, Hawking said: "When I was young, I treated all sciences equally. After I was thirteen or fourteen years old, I knew I wanted to do research in physics, because this is the most basic science. Although I I know that middle school physics is too easy and superficial, so chemistry is much more fun, with many unexpected things happening all the time, such as explosions, etc. But physics and astronomy promise to solve where we came from and why we are here. question. "I want to explore the foundation of the universe." It can be seen that although the young Hawking's ambition was not lofty, "wanting to explore the foundation of the universe" certainly had an impact on his later research. After graduating from high school, Hawking was admitted to Oxford University and received a scholarship as his father hoped. Learning physics was not difficult for Hawking, and he was later admitted to the PhD program in theoretical physics at Cambridge University.
Why choose the theoretical physics major? Hawking later said: "There are two basic fields in theoretical physics, one is the study of very small scales, that is, cosmology; the other is the study of very small scales "That is to say, theoretical physics connects the "largest" universe and the "smallest" basic particles. Finally, he decided to study cosmology because "there is a well-defined theory in cosmology, Einstein's general theory of relativity." General relativity is the theoretical basis for the study of cosmology.
Repaying the favor of society
During his research and study, Hawking suffered from a strange disease, a type of motor neuron disease. The disease made Hawking's already inflexible behavior even more clumsy, and the disease quickly worsened. Hawking was so distressed that he didn't think he had much longer to live. However, Hawking did not give up his normal work, study and life, and he got married at this time. Five years later, he became the father of three children.
The sick Hawking remained the same, even more diligent. He once dreamed that he was being executed, from which he hoped, "If I am pardoned, I can still do many valuable things." He believed, "I want to sacrifice my life to save other people" and do some good deeds to repay society's kindness to him. Diligent work enabled Hawking to achieve great results. He became famous in the physics community for his research on black holes. A black hole is a celestial body that is small in size and very massive, that is, it has a very high density. This kind of celestial body is a celestial body speculated from theory. As early as 200 years ago, a French scientist raised the issue of black holes. He believes that a star that meets certain conditions will absorb the light emitted by itself under the action of gravity, making it appear to us as a "dark mass." However, this science fiction prediction has not been taken seriously. When Einstein established the general theory of relativity, a German scientist re-predicted the existence of black holes with the help of general relativity. He found that a black hole with a mass equal to the mass of the sun has a diameter of only 2.95 kilometers; and a black hole with a mass equal to the earth has a diameter of only 0.9 centimeters. By the end of the 1930s, when an American scientist was studying stellar evolution, he studied the black hole problem again. He believed that when a star burns out, it will collapse endlessly under the influence of gravity, eventually forming a black hole.
The study of black holes has attracted worldwide attention
In the 1960s, a series of new discoveries in astronomy stimulated research in astrophysics. Hawking was at the right time, and his research on black holes made him emerge. Hawking introduced thermal science into the study of black holes, which greatly deepened our understanding of black holes. At this time, Hawking believed that there might be a "micro black hole". Such black holes are very small, and some are as small as protons or neutrons. According to the theory of modern physics, when an object is so small, it should obey the laws of quantum mechanics. Hawking's further research showed that black holes can evaporate; the smaller the black hole, the faster it evaporates. A 1 billion ton (about the same size as a proton) black hole takes 10 billion years to evaporate completely, and the energy released in the last 0.1 seconds is equivalent to the explosion of 1 million megaton hydrogen bombs. That is to say, should we conduct astronomical observations carefully and try to find this kind of "miniature black hole" in the universe and use it?!
Hawking made a great contribution to the study of the Big Bang theory. He believes that the universe originated from a "singularity". The explosion at the "singularity" produced particles and energy, and the interaction between particles created nebulae, which then evolved into our world today. Today's universe is still expanding. In the future, the universe may continue to expand, or it may shrink to the "singularity" where the universe was originally formed when it reaches its limit. This may seem interesting, but this is the level of understanding of the universe today. For his achievements in astrophysics research, Hawking received the Einstein Prize in 1978. In 1980 he became Lucasian Professor at Trinity College. Newton had been professor of the lecture. Now, Hawking is almost 60 years old. Despite his physical disability, he traveled frequently, lectured, and wrote.
His "A Brief History of Time" has sold tens of millions of copies and been translated into more than 40 languages. Because of Hawking's legendary struggle experience, his "A Brief History of Time" was also put on the screen. People saw images of black holes and elementary particles, and listened to Hawking's typing on the computer keyboard and the computer's synthesized sounds. People were shocked by the profundity of modern physics and cosmological theories, marveled at human wisdom, and even more admired Hawking's ability to endure the huge task. The great spirit shown by climbing to the peak of science even in times of pain. A short story about a scientist? The mystery of the golden crown
King Hernon asked the goldsmith to make him a pure gold crown. After it was finished, the king suspected that the craftsman had mixed silver into the gold crown, but the gold crown was indeed the same as the original one. The pure gold handed over to the goldsmith weighs the same. Did the craftsman do something wrong? He wanted to test the authenticity without damaging the crown. This question not only stumped the king, but also made the ministers look at each other. Later, the king gave it to Archimedes. Archimedes thought hard and came up with many methods, but they all failed. One day, he went to the bathhouse to take a bath. As he sat in the tub, he saw the water overflowing and felt his body being gently pulled up. He suddenly had a sudden enlightenment, jumped out of the bath, and ran straight to the palace without even bothering to put on his clothes, shouting "Eureka" (Fureka, I know) all the way. It turned out that he had thought that if the crown was put in If the amount of water discharged after being immersed in water is not equal to the amount of water discharged by gold of the same weight, it must be mixed with other metals. This is the famous law of buoyancy, which states that an object immersed in a liquid is subject to an upward buoyant force equal to the weight of the liquid displaced by the object. Later, this law was named Archimedes' law. A short story about a scientist? A Nobel story
Nobel was very thin when he was a child. When he was ten years old, he went to Beidelburg, Russia with his mother, reunited with his father, and began to receive guidance from his tutor. When he was seventeen years old, he went to the United States to study. Two years later, he returned to China and joined his father's company to engage in research.
Influenced by his father, Nobel was very interested in studying explosives. Later, he made a lot of money by manufacturing explosives and developing oil fields. However, he was very sad to see the explosives he invented used in war, so he spent his life trying to appeal to the world to use gunpowder for peace. Nobel used his huge fortune to establish a fund and issue bonuses every year to people in the world who have made outstanding contributions to physics, chemistry, biology, medicine, literature, and peace. Being able to win the Nobel Prize has always been considered a great honor!
There was smoke in the laboratory, and Nobel was working selflessly. His brother came to him and said: "Nobel , I am sorting out our family's genealogy. You are a world-famous person. How can I do it without your autobiography? Write an autobiography."
"Brother, no need."
"What can we do?" Nobel's brother persuaded, "Brother, you are not writing your autobiography for yourself, but for our family! You can write it. Our family's genealogy has your autobiography. It will add luster!"
Nobel still disagreed, so his brother repeatedly persuaded him. Finally, he even begged: "Brother, are you afraid of wasting your time? If so, you can Tell me, let me record and sort it out.”
“It’s really hard for me to obey,” Nobel said in a humble but firm tone, “I can’t write an autobiography because there are grains of sand in the vortex of the universe. There are so many planets and we are so insignificant, what is there to write about!”
So that’s it! He thinks that everything he does is just a little thing for mankind, why should he take it? A little contribution to mankind in exchange for honor. Therefore, he never agreed.
Nobel’s brother had no choice but to sigh and leave. Nobel immersed himself in experiments again.
Nobel’s will is the essence of his ideals and the crystallization of his hard work. Although he was extremely wealthy, he was unwilling to distribute his property to his relatives and friends. He believes that large amounts of property are a scourge that hinders human talents. Those who have wealth should only leave necessary education expenses to their children. If they leave too much money, it will reward laziness and prevent them from developing their own talents. competence.
Therefore, despite the opposition of his relatives and friends, he decided to use all his property to establish a Nobel Prize to reward the contemporary world elite. The Story of the Scientist Edison, the "King of Inventions"
No one will be surprised how common and common these things are in today's technologically advanced world. But do you know how crucial and ecstatic these things were to people at that time? Human beings remember their inventor amp; mdash; amp; mdash; Edison because of this.
Edison, known as the "King of Inventions", is a famous American scientist and inventor. During his lifetime, he had 1,328 inventions registered with the patent office alone. How could a man who had only read books for three months come up with so many inventions and creations? I think if you have heard the story of "Edison hatching chickens", you will understand that his success stems from his strong curiosity. .
In 1847, Edison was born into a businessman family in Milan, Ohio, USA. When he was very young, Edison showed a strong curiosity. Whenever he saw something he didn't understand, he would grab the corners of adults' clothes and ask them non-stop, always asking the ugly ones.
One day, he pointed to the hen that was hatching eggs and asked his mother: "Why is the hen sitting with the eggs under its butt?" His mother said: "Oh, they are hatching chicks!" In the afternoon, Edison suddenly disappeared. The family looked around anxiously and finally found him in the chicken coop. It turned out that he was squatting in the chicken coop with a lot of eggs under his buttocks to hatch chicks! After his parents saw it, they couldn't laugh or cry, so they had to pull him out, wash his face, and wash his clothes. Another time, he saw birds flying freely in the sky, and thought: Since birds can fly, why can't people fly? So, he found a medicinal powder for his friends to eat, in order to make them fly into the sky. As a result, the little friend almost died, and Edison was severely beaten by his father.
Finally, when Edison reached the age of 8, his parents sent him to a rural primary school, thinking that from now on he would be able to go to school safely. Unexpectedly, he still loves to get to the bottom of things, and often leaves the teacher dumbfounded and embarrassed. Once in an arithmetic class, the teacher wrote "2 2 = 4" on the blackboard. Edison immediately stood up and asked: "Teacher, why does 2 plus 2 equal 4?" This question stopped the teacher. He thought Edison was a A troublemaker, he was always at odds with his teacher, so after three months of classes, Edison was driven home by his teacher.
Edison’s mother was a great mother. She did not blame him for sending her only son back. On the contrary, he decided to educate the child well by himself. When she discovered that Edison was curious and particularly interested in physics and chemistry, she bought him books about physics and chemistry experiments. Edison followed the book and started experiments alone. It can be said that this is Edison's enlightenment education for scientific inventions.
When Edison grew up, he learned the technology of sending and receiving radio messages. He found work as a night operator on the Stratford Railway Station. According to regulations, the night shift operator must send a signal to the train director once every hour after 9 pm, regardless of whether he or she has something to do. In order to have a good rest at night and be able to delve into inventions and creations during the day, Edison designed a telegraph machine to automatically send signals on time. This was the prototype of the telegraph.
Before long, he improved the telegraph machine. After many tests, a new transmitter was successfully trial-produced. Edison looked at the machine he invented and smiled happily.
It should be said that every invention of Edison is closely related to his curiosity. After he invented the telegraph, he began experimenting with the telephone. He discovered that the diaphragm in the microphone could vibrate in response to the sound of speech, so he observed it carefully and made detailed records in his notebook. From this, a "talking machine" was created. When people heard the news, they came to watch one after another and called him "the greatest inventor". Therefore, curiosity is a prerequisite for a person to succeed and show wisdom.
Not only famous scientists need curiosity, but we ordinary people also need curiosity to learn knowledge and achieve something. In July 1991, the Ministry of Science and Technology of Guangming Daily conducted a questionnaire survey among 118 middle school students who won prizes in the National Youth Science and Technology Invention Competition. In the column "Your main psychological characteristics", 92% of the students wrote "Curiosity" powerful". He Ji, a young man from Daoxian No. 1 Middle School in Lingling Prefecture, Hunan Province, went to the chicken shed to pick up eggs one day. He couldn't help but wonder curiously: Why are the eggs bigger at one end and smaller at the other? Does the big head emerge from the mother's body first or the small head emerges from the mother's body first? ?In order to figure out this problem, he rushed home as soon as school was over every day, squatted by the chicken shed and observed quietly, sometimes even forgetting to eat dinner. More than two months later, He Ji finally discovered that eggs emerge from the mother's body with the big head first. To this end, he wrote a paper and was praised by many biologists. His discovery was actually a new discovery that had not been recorded in the bird literature.
Being successful requires curiosity, but having curiosity does not mean that you will be successful. If you want to achieve something, you still need to put in hard work. Curiosity is like a seed. Without seeds, towering trees cannot grow. People without curiosity cannot invent or create. After the seeds are sown in the black soil, after people's watering and cultivation, they will gradually break out of the soil and grow from seedlings into pillars. With curiosity, coupled with sweat and hard work, you will definitely become a useful talent. Dr. Li Zhengdao, a famous contemporary physicist, said: "Curiosity is very important. You cannot do science without curiosity. The reason is very simple. Only curiosity can ask questions and solve problems. The terrible thing is that you can't ask questions and you can't take the first step. "Because curiosity is so important, many people call curiosity the first virtue of successful people. For a young man who is ambitious and eager to succeed, curiosity is the most valuable thing.
Whether it is the story of the great inventor Edison or the story of primary and middle school student He Ji, they all prove to us a truth: curiosity amp; mdash; amp; mdash; the heart of the inventor.
Do you long for your flower of wisdom to bloom as soon as possible? Do you long for your creative inspiration to arrive as soon as possible? Then, observe life carefully! A person who does not love life and is indifferent to everything around him People will not have a curious heart. If you want to be a bright star on the future stage of life, take the first step to become a talent from now on and strengthen your curiosity! The story of the scientist and the inventor of the bicycle
Nowadays, bicycles are like a tide, spreading all over the world and entering every household. But few people know that the inventor of the bicycle was a German forester named Delais (1785-1851).