What is the name of the first bridge in the world?
It is impossible to verify where the world's first bridge came from and whose hand it was. Because since the advent of roads, when people encounter obstacles such as rivers and ravines, they will think of using some way to overcome the obstacles. The original bridge may have been just a tree trunk or a stone slab on both sides of a small river ditch or on a reef in the river. Later, the earliest wooden bridges and stone bridges appeared on this basis.
Stone Arch Bridge──There is a large arched stone bridge 5 miles south of Zhao County, Hebei Province, my country. This is the world-famous Zhaozhou Bridge. It is also one of the oldest existing stone arch bridges in the world. This bridge was built by Sui Dynasty craftsmen Li Chun and Li Tong nearly 1,400 years ago. It has beautiful shape and unique structure. Bridges like this were only discovered in Europe in the mid-19th century, more than 1,200 years later than our country.
Iron Bridge──In 1779, the British Abraham Darby built the world's first iron bridge in Cobrookdale, central England. This iron bridge across the Severn River uses five rows of cast iron ribs to form a 30-meter-long single-span semi-circular arch. There are many ingenious ideas in the casting of the bridge.
Suspension bridge─The original suspension bridge was soft and easy to bend, which was not conducive to vehicle movement. Modern suspensions, which use steel cables to suspend ribbed bridge decks, have solved this problem. The first Spanish suspension bridge design with a horizontal deck was found in the work of Austrian Bishop Valenzoo in 1595. The design links iron rods together to form a suspension cable. In 1801, Finlay first built a 21-meter-long suspension bridge over Jacob Creek in Pennsylvania, USA.
In 1803, France took the lead in building a wire cable bridge. Sékun built several bridges with spans of more than 90 meters. Vic invented the cables made of steel wires on the bridge. There is no need to hoist heavy steel wire cables to the bridge tower.
Reinforced concrete bridge - the world's first reinforced concrete bridge was a concrete viaduct built in Fennan, Scotland in 1899, with a span of 15 meters per arch. There is a hinge on each of the 21 bridge arches so that the pier foundation can be moved. Engineer Merlat was the first to understand the function of three hinges. He built the first three-hinge arch bridge in Switzerland in 1901, which was a slender reinforced concrete bridge.
Prestressed concrete bridge - After World War II, high-strength steel was produced and Freschinay used it in bridge design. Between 1948 and 1950, he built five prestressed concrete bridges on the Marne River in France, located in Asbury, Anne, Tribados, Chalgis and Yossy. Each bridge uses flat arches, which are much flatter than the arches of the past. What was the name of the world's first watch?
Watches are well-known daily necessities. It has been 200 years since the first watch was released. The original creator of the watch was neither a Swiss watchmaker nor a watch dealer. According to research, the original creator was actually the French Emperor Napoleon who could not be beaten with eight sticks. In 1806, in order to please Queen Josephine, Napoleon ordered craftsmen to make a small "clock" that could be worn on the wrist like a bracelet. This was the world's first watch. For a period of time thereafter, pocket watches were still a symbol of men's status, while watches were regarded as women's accessories. When did humans begin to have the concept of "time"?
The distant ancestors of mankind were the first to know the passage of time from dawn to dusk. About six thousand years ago, the "clock" first appeared on the stage of human history: the sundial was born in the Kingdom of Babylon. The ancients used sundials to keep track of time based on the length and direction of the sun's shadow. Four thousand years ago, the engraved clock was invented, allowing people to know the time day and night. The appearance of clocks only occurred after the middle of the thirteenth century.
The early mechanical clocks that appeared in northern Italy and southern Germany around 1270 were powered by scales and sounded the attached bell every hour to automatically tell the time. In 1336, the first public clock was installed in a church in Milan. In the next half century, the clock spread to various European countries, and churches in France, Germany, and Italy built bell towers one after another. .
Soon, clockwork technology was invented, and the size of the clock was greatly reduced. In 1510, a German locksmith produced a pocket watch for the first time. At that time, the production of clocks seemed to be limited to the side job of locksmiths. It was not until later that the requirements for clock accuracy became higher and higher, and the watchmaking skills became increasingly complex, and professional watchmakers appeared.
In 1806, Napoleon's wife and Queen J. Jopien made a watch specially for the princess. It is the earliest known record of a watch. This is a decorative, bracelet-shaped watch. At that time, pocket watches were popular in the men's world as a symbol of identity and status, and watches were regarded as women's accessories.
In 1885, the German Navy ordered a large number of watches from Swiss watchmakers. The practicality of watches was recognized by the world and gradually became popular.
At the beginning of this century. WILSDORF & DAVIS, the predecessor of ROLEX, launched silver gentlemen's watches and ladies' watches, which were a great success, leading various watch manufacturers to compete in the development of watches. Switzerland, which was world-famous for its pocket watch skills, also took the lead in watch production. In 1926, ROLEX developed the completely waterproof watch "ROLEX OYSTER". In 1931, it took the lead in introducing self-winding watches. The watch "OYSTER PERPETUAL" is launched on the market. LONGINES was not to be outdone. The precision aviation clock it developed flew across the Atlantic with the American aviator Lindbergh and became famous. In 1929, the watch "CHRONOGRAPH" with a stopwatch function was launched. The following year, the "CHRONOMETER", a precision watch for aviation, was developed based on this.
In the late 1960s, a new page opened in the history of mechanical watches: In 1969, the Japanese Seiko Watch Company developed the world's first quartz electronic watch, with the daily error reduced to zero points. Within two seconds. In 1972, the American Hamilton Company invented the digital display watch, and the motor and gears disappeared from the watch.
New technologies in the watch manufacturing industry are emerging one after another, but mechanical watches have not come to an end. Although the output has been greatly reduced, the manufacturing skills have been preserved. In particular, Swiss watch manufacturers, even though quartz watches dominate today, still have a special liking for mechanical watches. They insist on producing high-end mechanical watches and continuously export them to all over the world. Please adopt me. What is the name of the first volcano in the world?
It is the center of the earth, so the origin of volcanoes comes from there. What is the name of the world's first retractable stone bridge?
The name of the world's first computer, Guangji Bridge What's it called?
The first electronic computer was called ENIAC (short for Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer, the full English name is Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer), which was announced in the United States on February 15, 1946. The "Moore Group" responsible for the development task consisted of four scientists and engineers Eckert, Moakley, Goldstein, and Box. Chief engineer Eckert was only 24 years old at the time.
ENIAC: 30.48 meters long, 1 meter wide, covering an area of ??170 square meters, with 30 operating stations, about the size of 10 ordinary rooms, weighing 30 tons, and consuming 150 kilowatts of electricity. The cost is US$480,000. It contains 17,468 vacuum tubes, 7,200 crystal diodes, 1,500 relays, 70,000 resistors, 10,000 capacitors, 1,500 relays, more than 6,000 switches, and can perform 5,000 additions or 400 multiplications per second, which is 1,000 times that of a relay computer and calculated by hand. 200,000 times.
Questions about the world’s first computer
In most domestic media, it will appear that the world’s first electronic computer was invented by the American Mowgli in 1946. (John Mauchly) invented ENIAC, but another theory is that the world's first electronic computer was invented by John Vincent Atanasoff of Iowa State University in the United States. The professor and his graduate student Mr. Clifford Berry developed the "Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC)" between 1937 and 1941.
But few friends in China know the truth of this matter. Many domestic authors still promote ENIAC as the world’s first computer in their monographs, textbooks, and even science popularization activities. .
Therefore, as an IT worker, it is necessary to clarify the facts for predecessors in a scientific spirit. I hope that this article will help correct this major academic misunderstanding that has long existed in the domestic intellectual community and set the record straight.
It has been confirmed that the world's first computer should be "ABC". In 1941, Mokoli, one of the inventors of "ENIAC", stayed at Atanasov's house for five days and took the opportunity to steal research results and ideas. Later, he and Eckert created "ENIAC" and applied for Although Atanasov did not pay attention to his major invention "ABC", the school did not pay attention to this invention and demolished "ABC". Later, a U.S. court ruled that Mokoli's patent was overturned and revoked. "The basic idea of ????modern computers comes from John Vincent Atanasoff."
What is the name of the world's first aircraft carrier to be sunk?
The British Navy's "Brave" aircraft carrier was the world's first aircraft carrier to be sunk in battle. The ship was sunk by the German submarine U-29 on September 17, 1939. At that time, the submarine U-29 took advantage of the "Brave" to slow down to recover the aircraft and the destroyers on guard were sent to support a merchant ship that was under attack. It slipped to a place only 2,000 meters away from the "Brave". Three torpedoes were fired at it, two of which hit. In just 15 minutes, the "Brave" sank to the bottom of the sea together with its 578 officers and soldiers. What was the name of the world's first cinema?
The world's earliest cinema was the "Electric Theater" in Los Angeles, USA, built in 1902
The world's first open-air drive-in movie theater was founded in 1933 by an American named Richard in the backyard of his home in New Jersey.
China's first cinema - the first cinema Ping An Film Company was built on Chang'an Street in Beijing in 1907 and was operated by foreign businessmen. What was the name of the world's first Rubik's Cube?
The Rubik's Cube is a variety of intellectual toys. Also known as Rubik's cube. Invented by Hungarian architecture professor Rubik in 1974, what was the name of the first person in the world?
Adam What was the name of the first human being in the world
Adam, the second was called Eve. Chinese myths and legends show that humans did not appear alone at the beginning, but appeared in pieces. The allusion is that Nuwa created humans, so they had no names