Who set up the Nobel Prize? How many awards are there?

The Nobel Prize is based on the Nobel Prize (Swedish chemist, engineer, inventor, military equipment manufacturer and? Explosive? The inventor owned 355 patented inventions in his life, and opened about 100 companies and factories in 20 countries on five continents, such as Europe and America, and accumulated huge wealth. ) 1895 The prizes established in the will initially include: physics prize, chemistry prize, peace prize, physiology or medicine prize and literature prize, which refers to the medals awarded to those who have made the greatest contribution to mankind in this field. Winners are usually announced on June 5438+00 every year, and the award ceremony is held on February 10 every year, which is also the anniversary of Nobel's death. The awards ceremony was held by the King in Stockholm, Sweden and Oslo, Norway.

One: Nobel Prize in Physics

The medal is awarded to the person (or team) who has made the most important discovery or invention in physics;

Second: Nobel Prize in Chemistry

The medal is awarded to the person (or team) who has made the most important discovery or research improvement in the chemical industry;

Three: Nobel Prize in Medicine

The medal is awarded to the person (or team) who has made the most important discovery in the field of medicine and physiology.

Four: Nobel Prize in Literature

The medal is awarded to those who have created the best works with ideal tendency in the literary world;

Five: Nobel Peace Prize

The medal is awarded to those who have done their best or made the greatest contribution to the promotion of national unity and friendship, the abolition or reduction of the standing army, and the organization and publicity of the peace conference;

The economics prize was not established according to Nobel's will, but was added later, because the selection steps and awarding ceremony are similar to the Nobel Prize, and medals are awarded according to the principle of making the greatest contribution to the interests of mankind.

Winners will not be influenced by any nationality, nationality, ideology or religious belief in the whole selection process, and the selection criteria are only related to the size of their achievements. Although the award ceremony was grand, it was also simple. The annual attendance rate is only 1.500 to 1.800. Men must wear tuxedos or national costumes, and women should wear solemn evening dresses; The white flowers and yellow flowers used in the ceremony must be airlifted from the Italian town of San Morey (where Nobel died), and the awarding time is usually in the afternoon, because this is the time when Nobel died (4 pm 1896 12 10), and also to commemorate this scientist who made great contributions to human progress and civilization.