If you are improving on the basis of an existing patent, you must get the consent of the existing patentee if you want to implement it after applying for this patent. Similarly, if the former patentee wants to implement your patent, he must also get your consent.
Patents have a time limit, 20 years of invention, utility model and design 10 years. Applying for a patent is public, and anyone in society can consult it. So some better technologies are protected by manufacturers in the form of trade secrets.