The planning book is a written document of goal planning and a guiding light for achieving goals. Writing a plan is to use existing knowledge to develop imagination and achieve the goal as quickly as possible within the reality of available resources. If you want to write an excellent planning book, don’t hesitate, come and have a look. The following is the relevant content of the planning book compiled by me on the Planning Book Network. Everyone is welcome to come and learn more. If you want to know more, or If you have any questions, you can bookmark this site (just Ctrl+D).
Junior year is coming to an end soon. At the end of the semester, the college student career guidance teacher assigned us an assignment, which is to write a business plan. The purpose is to allow us to find our own growth direction in the current increasingly fierce competition, and also to enable us to develop better.
After careful investigation and careful efforts, I decided to write my business plan:
1. Business plan
It is a written document of the business that the entrepreneur plans to create. Summary.
It is used to describe the internal and external environmental conditions and element characteristics related to the proposed enterprise, and provides an indicator for the development of the business and a standard for measuring business progress.
Usually Entrepreneurship planning is a synthesis of marketing, finance, production, human resources and other functional plans.
Questions to consider when writing a good entrepreneurship plan:
(1) Focus on products
(2) Dare to compete
(3) Understand the market
(4) State the direction of action
(5) Show your management team
(6) Excellent plan summary
2. Contents of the business plan
Generally speaking, the business plan should include the type of business, Fund planning and fund sources, allocation ratio of total funds, stage goals, financial estimates, marketing strategies, possible risk assessments, motivations for starting a business, shareholder list, scheduled number of employees, the specific content generally includes the following eleven aspects:
(1) Cover
The design of the cover must be aesthetic and artistic. A good cover will make the reader have an initial good impression and form a good first impression.
< p> (2) Plan summaryIt is the essence of the condensed business plan.
The plan summary covers the key points of the plan in order to be clear at a glance so that readers can understand it in the shortest possible time. Review the plan and make judgments within the time limit.
The plan summary generally includes the following content:
Company introduction;
Managers and their organizations;
< p>Main products and business scope;Market overview;
Marketing strategy;
Sales plan;
Production management plan; < /p>
Financial plan;
Funding requirements, etc.
The abstract should be as concise and vivid as possible. In particular, it should explain the differences of the company and the market where the company will succeed. Factors.
(3) Company Introduction
The purpose of this part is not to describe the entire plan, nor to provide another summary, but to introduce your company, so the focus is on you company philosophy and how to formulate the company's strategic goals.
(4) Industry analysis
In industry analysis, the basic characteristics, competitive conditions and future prospects of the selected industry should be correctly evaluated. Development trends, etc.
Typical questions about industry analysis:
(1) What is the development level of the industry and what is the current development trend
(2) Innovation What role does technological progress play in the industry
(3) What is the total sales volume of the industry, what is the total revenue, and what is the development trend
(4) What is the price trend?
(5) How does economic development affect the industry? How does the government affect the industry?
(6) What factors determine its development
(7) What is the nature of competition and what strategy will you adopt
(8) What are the barriers to entering this industry and how will you overcome it? What is the typical rate of return in this industry
< p> (5) Product (service) introductionProduct introduction should include the following: product concept, performance and characteristics; main product introduction; product market competitiveness; product research and development process; development New product plans and cost analysis; product market prospect forecasts; product brands and patents, etc.
In the product (service) introduction section, entrepreneurs should give a detailed explanation of the product (service), The explanation should be accurate and easy to understand so that investors who are not professionals can understand it. 1.
Generally, product introductions must be accompanied by product prototypes, photos or other introductions.
(6) Personnel and organizational structure
In the production activities of enterprises, there is human resources management , technical management, financial management, operation management, product management, etc. And human resource management is a very important part of it.
Because society has developed to this day, people have become the most precious resource. This is Determined by human initiative and creativity. To manage this resource well, enterprises must follow scientific principles and methods.
In the business plan, the main management personnel must be clarified. Introduce their abilities, their duties and responsibilities in the company, and their detailed past experiences and backgrounds. In addition, in this part of the business plan, a brief introduction to the company structure should also be given, including: The company's organizational structure Figure; the functions and responsibilities of each department; the heads and main members of each department; the company's remuneration system; the company's shareholder list, including stock options, proportions and privileges; the company's board of directors members; background information of each director.
Experience and past success are more convincing than a degree. If you are going to leave a particularly important position to an inexperienced person, you must give a good reason. Pagination title #e#
(7) Market forecast
Should include the following contents:
1. Demand forecast;
2. Market forecast and summary of market status;
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3. Overview of competing manufacturers;
4. Target customers and target markets;
5. Market position of the company’s products, etc.
(8) Marketing strategy
Wrong understanding of the market is one of the main reasons for business failure.
In the business plan, the marketing strategy should include the following content:
p>
(1)Selection of marketing agencies and marketing channels;
(2)Marketing team and management;
(3)Promotion plan and advertising strategy;
(4) Price decision.
(9) Manufacturing plan
The production and manufacturing plan in the business plan should include the following contents:
1 , Current status of product manufacturing and technical equipment;
2. New product production plan;
3. Requirements for technology improvement and equipment update;
4. Quality control and quality improvement plan.
(10) Financial planning
Financial planning generally includes the following contents:
The focus is on the cash flow statement, balance sheet and Preparation of profit and loss statement.
Liquidity is the lifeline of an enterprise. Therefore, when an enterprise starts up or expands, it needs to have a thorough plan in advance and strict control over the liquidity during the process;
The income statement reflects the profit status of the company, which is the operating results of the company after a period of operation; the balance sheet reflects the status of the company at a certain moment. Investors can use the ratio indicators obtained from the data in the balance sheet To measure the operating status of the enterprise and the possible return on investment.
(11) Risk and risk management
(1) Your company has good market, competition and technology aspects. What are the basic risks
(2) How are you prepared to deal with these risks
(3) In your opinion, what additional opportunities does your company have
(4)How to expand based on your capital base
(5)How will your five-year plan perform under best and worst case scenarios
If you The estimate is not so accurate, you should estimate how big your error range is. If possible, make the best and worst settings for your key parameters.
3. Business plan Writing steps
Preparing a business plan is to look forward to the future prospects of the project, carefully explore the reasonable ideas, confirm the various necessary resources required to implement the project, and then seek all the necessary resources.
A process that requires support.
It should be noted that not any entrepreneurial plan must completely include all the contents in the above outline. Different entrepreneurial contents will vary greatly. The first stage: experience Learning
The second stage: business ideation
The third stage: market research
The fourth stage: plan drafting
Full text of the business plan
Write the full text, add a cover, extract the entire entrepreneurial points and write it into a summary, and then arrange the full set of entrepreneurial plans in the following order:
(1) Market opportunities and Strategy;
(2) Operation management;
(3) Management team;
(4) Financial budget;
(5 )Other information and materials that are directly related to the audience, such as business founders, potential investors, or even family members and spouses.
The fifth stage: the final touch-up stage
First , based on your report, make a 1-2 page summary of the most important things and put it at the front. Secondly, check it and make sure there are no typos or other errors, otherwise others will doubt whether you are rigorous in doing things. .Finally, design a beautiful cover, write the table of contents and page numbers, then print and bind it into a book.
Stage 6: Inspection
You can check from the following aspects:
(1) Does your business plan show that you have experience in managing a company.
(2) Does your business plan show that you have the ability to repay the loan.
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(3) Does your business plan show that you have conducted a complete market analysis?
(4) Is your business plan easily understood by investors? Business planning The book should have an index and table of contents so that investors can easily access each chapter. It should also ensure that the information flow in the table of contents is logical and realistic.
(5) Your business plan Is there a plan summary and placed it at the front? The plan summary is equivalent to the cover of the company's business plan. Investors will read it first. In order to maintain investors' interest, the plan summary should be written in an attractive way.
(6) Is your business plan grammatically correct?
(7) Can your business plan dispel investors’ doubts about your products (services)?
If necessary, you can prepare a product model.
? ? Feasibility analysis and business plan
1. Market analysis
Long-term For a long time, domestic residents have had very little consumption of small household appliances that mainly serve "kitchens" and "bathrooms" due to their low living standards. According to statistics, the current average number of small household appliances owned by domestic urban households is only three or four, while in Europe and the United States, the average number of household appliances is only three or four. The national statistics are as high as 37. According to statistics, at least 2.6 million households in China move into new homes every year. With the improvement of people's living standards and the increasing emphasis on "kitchens" and "bathrooms", the popularity and upgrading of small household appliances are accelerating. It will surely incubate an amazing market driving force, and the market development prospects of small household appliances are very broad. In the next 2 to 3 years, my country's small household appliances industry will enter a golden development stage, and the annual growth rate of market demand may exceed 30%. Page title #e#
There are currently only two types of small household appliances for bathroom heating: bathroom heaters and heaters. There are currently 376 companies producing bathroom heaters in the country. The domestic sales volume in XX is estimated to be 4 million units and 5.5 million units in XX. In XX, it reached 7 million units, with sales exceeding 1 billion yuan. Among urban households, the ownership rate of bathroom heaters was less than 15% (in XX), and domestic consumers’ recognition of bathroom heaters reached 82%, indicating a huge market space.
Bath heaters have an absolute advantage in bathroom heating equipment. Among them, Hangzhou Aopu bathroom heaters have annual sales of 260 million yuan, ranking first in market share. Currently, most manufacturers of bath heaters and heaters are concentrated in Zhejiang and Guangdong. , but most of them are small factories, mostly imitations or OEMs, with weak independent research and development capabilities.
In the Yangtze River Basin of my country, most houses do not have heating, and bathing and heating in winter have always been a big problem. Although there are baths
Bath heaters and heaters, but people are looking forward to a simple and effective heating appliance. According to my survey, people have a good impression of this product, and the market potential is huge. Compared with the bath heater and heater market, the sales market of this product is at least 5 --More than 1 billion yuan. We can take advantage of patented technology to quickly occupy the bathroom heating equipment market and establish our own brand and sales network.
2. Our goal
We The goal is to produce samples and enter the market in XX, develop 10-15 agents above the municipal level, with sales of more than 2 million yuan, reach 5 million sales in XX, and reach XX million sales in ** , the profit margin is maintained at 30%--50%.
3. Use of funds
Since this product has never been on the market before, initial sample trial production, mold development and other expenses will The investment is relatively large, estimated at 100,000 to 150,000 yuan;
Various certifications, licenses, trademarks: 50,000 yuan;
Company establishment, purchase of relevant office supplies, personnel recruitment, Company website, etc.: 100,000 yuan;
Rent, water and electricity bills, staff salary (half a year): 150,000 yuan;
Participation in exhibitions, advertising fees: 100,000 yuan;
Small batch production cost (5,000 pieces): 200,000--250,000 yuan;
Working capital: 200,000 yuan.
Total: 1 million yuan.
IV. Product Cost and Profit Analysis
In order to save costs and reduce investment risks, the initial small batch production will be mainly outsourced processing, and production equipment will not be purchased for the time being. This product mainly includes: barrel body , cover, heating plate, leakage protector, anti-dry burn protector, switch, steam adjustment plate, base, sealing ring. The heating plate is 7-8 yuan, the leakage protector is 12 yuan, the anti-dry burn protector is 1.5 yuan, and the switch 0.5 yuan, the rest are plastic parts, the price is 15 yuan, in addition to product packaging, wiring screws, freight, etc., the total cost is less than 40 yuan.
The wholesale price is tentatively set at 80 yuan, and the gross profit per unit is 40 yuan. , it is estimated that the investment can be recovered and a slight profit will be made in two years.
(The above data are from the spare parts dealers surveyed, and there is the possibility of downward fluctuation)
5. Sales prospects< /p>
At present, there are no similar products on the market, and the pressure on product sales is low. It is recommended to use the existing sales network of electrical appliance wholesalers in various places for agent sales. We have contacted many merchants and have initially reached sales intentions. < /p>
6. Cooperation plan
This patented project is a non-service invention, and the patent rights are owned by individuals. The specific cooperation method shall be negotiated and agreed upon by both parties.
7. Raw material supply plan
Can be outsourced for production, no special requirements.
8. The future of this project
Since this product is easy to manufacture and the threshold is not high, it will inevitably be copied. In addition to strengthening the anti-counterfeiting efforts, continuous upgrading of products is also a necessary means to expand the market. At present, two samples have been developed and we are preparing to launch 3-5 new products next year. With the upgrading of products, we will be able to firmly Stand firm in the market.
Since I have never been exposed to such a planning book before, I still feel unfamiliar with such a planning book after a lot of careful consideration, so I have always been doing my best in this way. things. After a lot of careful consideration, I still feel that there is something wrong with this plan, and I need guidance from a teacher.
I highly recommend