nature
Eucalyptus oleoresin is a monoterpene alcohol. Pure product is colorless to light yellow transparent liquid, with camphor-like fragrance and cool taste. Its specific gravity is 220438+0 ~ 0.923, melting point is 1 ~ 15℃, boiling point is 174 ~ 177℃, and refractive index is 25438. P-cumene is formed during dehydrogenation.
process
There are three ways to obtain cineole: ① Fractionate cineole from cineole. The industrial eucalyptus oil (containing about 30% eucalyptus oil) was distilled under reduced pressure, then frozen and crystallized at low temperature, and the product containing 80% eucalyptus oil was separated, with an average of 3 tons of industrial eucalyptus oil per ton of eucalyptus oil. ② Natural camphor oil produces cineole. Cinnamomum camphora oil was distilled under reduced pressure, frozen, separated, decolorized and centrifuged to obtain eucalyptus leaf element and by-products white camphor oil and terpineol. Each ton of eucalyptus requires 3.6 tons of camphor oil or 4 tons of camphor oil (including 30% eucalyptus). ③ Synthesis of eucalyptol from turpentine. Turpentine oil was treated with a small amount of surfactant in 25% sulfuric acid, hydrated at 30℃ to obtain hydrated terpineol, and dehydrated with oxalic acid (or sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid) solution to produce geraniol. The basic reaction process is as follows:
quality standard
Australian Standard (AS 2247- 1979): The appearance is transparent liquid, colorless, with special camphor fragrance and pungent and cool taste; The relative density (20℃/20℃) is 0.922 ~ 0.924; Optical rotation (20℃) 1 ~+ 1, refractive index (20℃) 1.456 ~ 1.460, freezing point (after drying) not lower than 0℃, in aqueous ethanol (700 ml/L, 20. The export inspection indexes of China Shanghai Commodity Inspection Bureau are: specific gravity (20℃) 0.9058 ~ 0.95438+086; Optical rotation-2 ~+5; Refractive index1.4593 ~1.4639; The content of eucalyptus oil is 70 ~ 86.9%; 70% ethanol with solubility of 3 ~ 5 times the volume.
use
① Used as a medicine for preventing and treating common cold, relieving asthma, eliminating phlegm, treating tuberculosis and dermatosis, and as a cleaning agent for treating burns, ulcers and fistulas; It can be added into essential balm, ten drops of water, mosquito repellent oil and various tinctures for external use, and has the functions of detoxification and anti-inflammation, and can also be used as an analgesic for patients with mental disorders. ② Daily chemical products are used as additives in soap, bath lotion, toothpaste, prickly heat powder and some cosmetics. (3) Candy and other foods have the functions of cooling and moistening throat, relieving gastrointestinal indigestion, expelling insects and killing insects. ④ Chemical industry can be used as raw materials for terpineol and borneol. ⑤ It can be used as a solvent for diluting paint or a flotation agent for flotation of ore.
Orlov, I'm Ф. солов, 19 10 ~ 1979, a famous Soviet forestry mechanic and educator. Born in Russia on July 2, 2000, 19 1979 died on August 25. 1955 received a doctorate in science and technology from the Soviet Union. 194 1 ~ 1979 successively served as director of the teaching and research section of traction machinery, director of the department of forestry machinery, professor, vice president and director of the teaching and research section of forestry special machinery design in Leningrad Institute of Forestry Technology. He is also a member of the Soviet Science and Technology Committee, the Technical Committee of the Ministry of Forestry Industry and the Executive Committee of the All-Soviet Forestry and Forest Industry Science and Technology Association.
1966 was hired as an honorary academician by the Finnish Academy of Sciences.
Orlov directly participated in and led the theoretical research and design work of the Soviet Union's special tractors for forestry and forest industry and the cutting area combination machine. At the end of the 1940s, together with his research team, he successfully developed the first-generation forestry tractor in the Soviet Union-KT-12 crawler skidding tractor, which realized the most arduous skidding operation mechanization in forest harvesting. At the end of 1950s, he put forward the idea of developing a combine harvester for cutting area, and directly led the theoretical research and experimental work of the combine harvester, revealing the mechanical characteristics of trees in the cutting process, laying a theoretical foundation for the design of the combine harvester. In the late 1960s, he and his research team developed the тб- 1 type hydraulic arm skidding tractor, which did not need to bind wood ropes, so that workers no longer directly contacted the wood when skidding, thus eliminating the manual labor in the process of binding wood. In 1970s, on the basis of developing combined machinery, he devoted himself to the research of crawler-type and wheeled forestry special mechanical systems, which opened up a new way for forestry production to completely cancel auxiliary manual labor and realize comprehensive mechanization. Published 300 papers, monographs and university textbooks, and obtained 65 patents and invention rights.
In view of orlov's outstanding contribution to forestry mechanization, the Soviet government awarded him the Medal of Honor, the Labor Red Flag Medal and the title of meritorious scientist of Russian Soviet Socialist Federation.