1. Little knowledge about Amazon logistics (what is Amazon’s logistics model)
Little knowledge about Amazon logistics (what is Amazon’s logistics model) 1. What is Amazon’s logistics model
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Amazon adopts a logistics model of direct mail to China.
On October 29, 2014, Amazon China announced that it will launch direct mail services to China from six major overseas sites. Consumers can enjoy Amazon’s products from the United States, Germany, Spain, France, the United Kingdom and Italy. There are more than 80 million international selections in total. Before "11.11", Amazon China's "overseas shopping" service will also begin trial operation, launching a comprehensive "overseas shopping" offensive and launching an international brand strategy.
Amazon’s overseas direct mail can help consumers quickly handle customs clearance procedures, and provides three (standard, expedited, express) optional delivery services. Amazon's US site has significantly reduced international shipping costs for direct mail to China and shortened direct mail delivery time. The average delivery time has been shortened to 9-15 days, and it can be delivered to consumers in as little as three working days.
Extended information:
Amazon China warehousing:
Amazon China has one of the largest and most advanced operating networks in the industry, with currently 15 operating centers located in Beijing (2), Suzhou (2), Guangzhou (2), Chengdu (2), Wuhan, Shenyang, Xi'an, Xiamen, Shanghai, Tianjin, Harbin, Nanning, with a total operating area of ??more than 700,000 square meters. He is mainly responsible for manufacturer receipt, warehousing, inventory management, order delivery, allocation and delivery, customer returns, factory returns, product quality and safety, etc. At the same time, Amazon China also has its own delivery team and customer service center to provide consumers with convenient delivery and after-sales services.
Through Amazon China’s unremitting efforts and the strong support of consumers, Amazon China has maintained rapid growth every year, and the number of users has also increased significantly. In future development, Amazon China will further enrich product categories, enhance user experience, and strive to become the first choice online mall for Chinese consumers with the richest product selection, the most competitive prices, and the best customer experience.
Reference: Baidu Encyclopedia-Amazon
2. What are the characteristics of Amazon logistics?
Amazon's logistics model is
1. Outsourcing is adopted in the selection of distribution mode.
In e-commerce, Amazon entrusts its domestic distribution business to the United States Postal Service and UPS, and entrusts international logistics to professional logistics companies such as international shipping companies, while it concentrates on developing its main and core businesses. This can reduce investment and business risks, and make full use of the advantages of professional logistics companies to save logistics costs.
2. Control inventory at the lowest level and implement zero inventory operation.
Amazon achieves effective control of inventory by establishing good cooperative relationships with suppliers. Amazon keeps very few books in stock, keeping only the 200 most popular bestsellers in stock. Typically, Amazon purchases books from publishers after customers place orders for them. Book buyers pay Amazon with credit cards, but Amazon only pays publishers 46 days after the books are sold, which makes its cash flow much smoother than that of traditional bookstores. By keeping inventory low, Amazon's inventory turns over quickly and have gotten faster since 2001.
3. Reduce the return rate.
Although Amazon operates a wide variety of products, it maintains a low return rate because of its appropriate selection of product varieties, reasonable prices, product quality and delivery services that meet customer needs. The extremely low return rate not only reduces the company's return costs, but also maintains a high level of customer service and achieves good business reputation.
4. Provide convenience for the post office to send goods and reduce delivery costs.
In delivery, Amazon adopts a method called "postal injection" to reduce delivery costs.
The so-called "postal injection" means using your own truck or an independent carrier to transport the entire truckload of ordered goods from Amazon's warehouse to the warehouse of the local post office, and then the post office delivers it to the customer. This eliminates the post office's procedures and steps for handling goods, provides convenience for the post office to send goods, and saves you money. A delivery company that cooperates with Amazon estimates that the money saved by this "postal injection" method is equivalent to 5-17 of the ordinary price of first-class mail, which is very considerable.
5. Establish different distribution centers according to different product categories to improve the efficiency of distribution center operations.
Amazon’s distribution centers are set up according to product categories, and different products are distributed by different distribution centers. This will help improve the professionalism of the distribution center and simplify and standardize the operation organization. It can not only improve the efficiency of the distribution center, but also reduce the management and operating costs of the distribution center.
6. Adopt "combination packaging" technology to expand transportation batches.
After the customer confirms the order on Amazon's website, he or she can immediately see whether the Amazon sales system has the goods in stock according to the customer's order, as well as the selected shipping method, estimated delivery date and delivery date. Delivery date and other information. As mentioned before, Amazon establishes different distribution centers according to product categories, shipping from different distribution centers located in different locations in the United States. Since Amazon's distribution center only maintains a small amount of inventory, after receiving an order from a customer, Amazon needs to check the inventory in the distribution center. If the distribution center does not have the goods in stock, it must order from the supplier. Therefore, some items on the same order can be shipped immediately, while others need to wait. In order to save customers waiting time, Amazon recommends that customers do not put products that need to wait and products that are in stock in the same order when ordering. In this way, when shipping, the carrier can pack goods of the same category from different customers and that are also in stock at the distribution center into the same truck for shipment, thereby shortening the waiting time after the customer orders, expanding the transportation batch size, and improving transportation efficiency. , reduce transportation costs.
3. What are Amazon’s top ten logistics technologies and their characteristics
1. Amazon’s intelligent robot Kiva technology robot operations subvert the traditional e-commerce logistics center operation of “people look for goods, people "Find goods location" mode, mobilize robots through operation plans, and realize the mode of "finding goods and finding people for goods locations". The entire logistics center warehouse area is unmanned, and each warehouse location is automatically sorted into working positions driven by Kiva robots.
2. Drone delivery: When customers place an order online, if the weight is less than 5 pounds, they can choose drone delivery to deliver the order to their home within 30 minutes. The entire process is unmanned. The drone automatically picks up the items at the end of the logistics center assembly line and flies directly to the customer.
3. Big data application in orders and customer service The complete end-to-end services of e-commerce can be divided into five categories, namely browsing, shopping, warehousing, delivery and customer service. 1) User browsing: Amazon has a set of technologies based on big data analysis to help accurately analyze customer needs.
The specific method is that the backend system will record the customer's browsing history, and the backend will then place the inventory that the customer is interested in in the operations center closest to them, so that it is convenient for customers to place orders. 2) Convenient shopping and ordering: In this regard, it can help customers place orders quickly no matter where they are, and also quickly know their favorite selections.
3) Warehousing operations: Big data-driven warehousing order operations are very efficient. The Amazon operation center in China can complete the entire order processing within 30 minutes at the fastest, which means that the order can be processed within 30 minutes after the order is placed. After the order is processed and shipped out of the warehouse, everything from order processing, fast picking, fast packaging, sorting, etc. is driven by big data and the entire process is visualized. Because the system analysis capabilities of Amazon's backend are very powerful, it can quickly decompose and process orders.
4) Delivery: Accurate delivery is definitely a technical activity for current e-commerce logistics. Fast logistics is not a skill of e-commerce logistics. Really high-tech e-commerce logistics services are accurate. For logistics and distribution, Amazon's logistics system will carry out scientific stowage according to the customer's specific demand time, adjust the distribution plan, and achieve accurate delivery within the user-defined time range. Amazon in the United States can also ship goods in advance based on big data predictions to achieve the same goal. Offline retail PK wins absolute competitiveness. 5) CRM customer service: Big data-driven Amazon customer service. It is reported that Amazon China provides 7x24-hour uninterrupted customer service. For the first time, it has created a technical system to identify and predict customer needs. Based on the user’s browsing history, order information, and incoming call problems, Customized push of different self-service tools to users, big data can ensure that customers can contact the corresponding customer service team by phone anytime and anywhere.
4. Intelligent warehousing management technology 1) In terms of warehousing: using a unique procurement and warehousing monitoring strategy, Amazon understands what categories are prone to damage based on its past experience and the collection of all historical data. , where is the fault, and then pre-package it. These are all value-added services provided during the delivery process.
2) Product measurement: Amazon’s Cubi Scan instrument will measure the length, width, height, and volume of newly warehoused small and medium-volume products, and optimize warehousing based on these product information. For example, shoes and clothing, department stores, new hot styles, etc. can be directly sent over and stored directly in the warehouse through Cubi measurement.
This provides great convenience to suppliers. Customers do not need to measure new products themselves, which can greatly increase the speed of his new products; at the same time, with this size, the Amazon database can store this data and share it nationwide, so that other warehouses can directly use these backends Data, and then putting these data into appropriate goods can collect information, which is beneficial to subsequent optimization, design and regional planning.
5. Big data-driven intelligent picking and intelligent algorithms 1) Intelligent algorithms drive logistics operations to ensure optimal paths: In Amazon’s operation center, no matter what time it is, basically in any area , you rarely see many people gathered together in any passage, why? Because Amazon has a set of data algorithms in its backend, it will randomly optimize his picking path for everyone. Employees picking items should go straight forward and do not go back.
The system will recommend where the next item to be picked is, so never look back. It also ensures that after all picking is completed, the path is the least. Through this intelligent calculation and intelligent recommendation, the picking path of the traditional operation mode can be reduced by at least 60%.
Implementation method: When picking goods, the system will tell employees, holding the scanner gun, which storage location they should go to next for inspection. The distance traveled is the least and the efficiency is the highest. 2) The complex operation method of the book warehouse: The book warehouse adopts an enhanced version of monitoring, which will restrict similar items from being placed in the same cargo space.
Books are placed interspersed, and the purchase volume of bulk books is large because the demand for them is great. So in this way, Amazon found through data analysis that such interspersed placement can ensure that each employee's picking tasks are relatively even.
3) Operation strategy for best-selling products: For example, milk powder, some are placed on the shelves, and some are placed on pallets. Shipping areas like these are relatively close to each other. Based on the big data in the background, Amazon knows that its demand is relatively high, so when it comes in, it comes in batches, and then puts it in the shipping area. The cargo area is relatively close, which can reduce the walking distance of employees carrying heavy loads.
6. Random storage 1) Operating principles of random storage: Random storage is an important technology for Amazon’s operations, but it should be noted that Amazon’s random storage is not random storage, but has certain principles. Especially for best-selling products and non-selling products, the first-in-first-out principle must be considered. At the same time, random storage is also important to the best path.
2) Random storage and system management: The core of Amazon's random storage is the system Bin, which maximizes the binding relationship between goods, cargo locations, and quantities.
Receiving goods: Treat the order as one cargo space, the delivery truck is another cargo space, and receiving the goods means moving the cargo space; Shelves: Bin binds the cargo space and goods and stores them at will; Inventory: Bin Synchronous, does not affect the operation; Picking: Bin generates batches, specifies the location, and gives the operation path; Shipping: Orders generate packages. 3) Random storage operation features: Amazon’s operation center has two major features. The first feature is random storage, which achieves the best storage method by taking advantage of every opportunity.
It looks chaotic, but in fact there is order within the chaos. In fact, this chaos is not real chaos, chaos.
4. What are the characteristics and advantages of Amazon logistics?
Characteristics and advantages of Amazon FBA:
1. Save management costs
2. Increase sales speed
3. Buyers can push these products directly to Amazon (save a lot of links)
4. Sellers can add them to the description of non-media products in the list Own logo
5. Several ways on how to transport goods to Amazon warehouses
Generally speaking, it is very suitable for sellers with small products and high profits. The advantages of other products are less obvious. Generally, American warehousing is more affordable than this. Outsourcing sellers' daily chores isn't Amazon's only advantage. FBA has brought huge sales and huge returns to many sellers.
5. What does European FBA mean?
FBA is Amazon’s own logistics and warehousing. It has a lot of knowledge about international logistics. You can find it directly on Baidu. The following is an excerpt: International Express: Express delivery is generally It is a door-to-door service, as is international express delivery.
However, because the scope of international express delivery is very different from domestic express delivery, international express delivery is much more complicated than domestic express delivery. First of all, let’s talk about the packaging of the goods. Since international express delivery takes a long time and space, the internal and external packaging must be strong and able to withstand long distances and multiple transportations. Many customers don’t seem to care much about this. .
Especially for some fragile items, the packaging should be strengthened. If necessary, they can be packed in wooden boxes --- but they must not be made of logs, only processed ones. Secondly, there are issues related to the goods themselves. Special goods (such as imitation brand names, batteries, etc.) cannot be exported normally - of course, they can be exported through different channels and at different prices.
Before delivery, the customer should prepare a commercial invoice (ERCIAL INVOICE) and a packing list (PACKING LIST). You can also write the two documents on one piece of paper but the content must be detailed. The declared value must be accurate and as close as possible to the actual value of the goods (some customers will fill it in according to the recipient's wishes in order to avoid taxes). Some customers often ask the freight company what the foreign tariffs are. In fact, this question is difficult to answer. Yes, the freight company doesn't know at all.
Because the tariff policies of each country are different, the same products and quantities will incur different tariffs when shipped to different countries. The presence or amount of tariffs is beyond the control of the freight company.
Therefore, if the goods arrive abroad and the tariffs are high or low, the freight company should not be blamed. Sometimes when the goods arrive at the local customs, the recipient will be required to assist in customs clearance --- this is normal.
Finally, there is the issue of cargo delivery. When the volume of goods is large, sometimes it will be delivered several times (we often encounter DHL and UPS operating this way), and this does not matter. If the area to be delivered is remote, the time will be slightly extended by 1-2 working days, and a remote surcharge of minimum RMB150/ticket or RMB3.1/KG will be charged. This fee is generally paid by the sender. .
Of course, whether it is remote or not can be confirmed before shipment, but TNT and EMS are not remote, so please remember this.
FedEx---FedEx of the United States, gives the impression that it is a bit expensive overall, but its service is also very popular.
However, FEDEX has great advantages in shipping large goods above 21KG to Southeast Asia (for example, other companies cannot do it from 21KG and above to Thailand at 27.7/KG), and the delivery time is quite fast, ranging from 1-2 days. 1. Requirements for the goods: (width and height)*2 The length is greater than or equal to 330CM. If the goods are less than 68KG, the charge will be calculated as 68KG, and a processing fee of 2 yuan/KG will be added, and the longest one side must not be Over 270cm. .
2. If one of the multiple items in a ticket weighs 68KG, then the other items in the ticket that are less than 68KG will also be charged according to 68KG. That is: 68*number of pieces = billing weight.
UPS---United Parcel Service of the United States, gives people the impression that it is moderate in all aspects---not good nor bad, neither slow nor fast, neither expensive nor cheap, but UPS delivers large shipments to Western Europe The price will be more favorable than others, and the requirements for the goods: a single piece of goods must not exceed 68KG and the longest must not exceed 270cm, (width and height) * 2 length; 330cm DHL---Deutsche Post, which is comparable to UPS. But DHL often has some special prices, such as the United States (101KG39/KG) and some countries in the Middle East. Requirements for goods: DHL has no requirements for goods (as long as they meet safety requirements).
TNT---Netherlands Express, the overall feeling is not satisfactory, and we traveled less. According to the feedback of our customers - the service of the delivery staff is not good, of course there are also good reports.
TNT’s requirements for goods: a single piece must not exceed 30KG, and the maximum size is 100cm*60cm*70cm EMS---National Post. Few people choose EMS. The timeliness of EMS is slow and the service is lagging behind. .But for general special goods (such as imitation goods, with batteries, etc.), EMS is a good choice because it has strong customs clearance capabilities--after all, the boss of EMS is named "Guan". EMS requirements for goods: Only one piece of goods can be shipped per shipment, and it must not exceed 30KG. Each 0.5KG is used as the calculation unit (this is how much is calculated).
Remember that EMS does not need to measure the volume and weight (as the saying goes, "stuffing goods"). The weight of international express delivery: The weight is in kilograms. Generally, every 0.5KG is used as the billing unit for less than 21KG, and there are first weight and additional weight---less than 0.5KG is calculated as 0.5KG (for example, 1.3KG requires Calculated as 1.5KG). More than 21KG shall be calculated as a whole kilogram---less than 1KG shall be calculated as 1KG (for example: 21.2KG shall be calculated as 22KG).
However, when the volumetric weight of the goods is greater than the actual gross weight, charges will be calculated based on the volumetric weight. Calculation method of volumetric weight: (length*width*height)cm/6000=?KG. Please note that when measuring the size, you need to measure the longest part of each side, and the calculation is rounded up.
For example, the standard size of the box is 22.5*50.8*33.1. This item should be calculated as 23*51*34. International express delivery cost calculation: the cost is divided into fuel-inclusive and fuel-exclusive – there is a big difference.
For example, the published price of UPS 71KG or above to Western European countries is 77/KG. The fuel surcharge is 17.5 (March). After adding fuel to this price, it is 77*1.175=90.48/KG. Do you see the difference? big? ! Therefore, when making inquiries, you should ask whether it contains fuel. The situation of some other international express lines is similar.
International air transport: International air transport generally only goes to the local airport, where the customer clears customs and picks up the goods themselves. There are also options for air freight and delivery - if the quantity is small, air freight plus delivery may not be cost-effective.
Freight forwarders in Shenzhen generally use Hong Kong and Shenzhen. Hong Kong is very simple, but Shenzhen is more troublesome. The fee structure is: freight customs declaration fee 250, bill of lading fee 50, gate fee 40, commodity inspection fee depends on the product ( Some products require commodity inspection). It's much easier to go to Hong Kong. Just one shipping fee is OK.
The weight calculation of air freight is the same as that of express delivery. The minimum weight of air freight is 45KG---you also need to add a small cargo handling fee of 150-200. Some goods are only received after 100KG.