There should be an activation process before preparing activated carbon. A large amount of oil is often attached to the surface of activated carbon, which blocks pores and affects adsorption capacity. If treated with zinc chloride solution, the oil deposited on the surface of carbon can be removed, thus increasing the pores of carbon and improving its adsorption capacity. This process is called activation.
The preparation of activated carbon can usually be completed by the following processes:
Soak sawdust (or peanut shells, walnut shells, etc. ) soak in zinc chloride solution for several hours, fully absorb zinc chloride, take it out and dry it, put it in an iron can, cover it tightly (a small hole needs to be opened on the cover of the iron can), stop heating when gas is no longer generated, rinse carbon chips to remove impurities such as zinc chloride, and then dry and grind.
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Your request for an answer is too sincere. I found another document for your reference. I don't do chemical engineering either. I don't know if it's right, and I don't know if you have the equipment inside.
The following is extracted from the preparation of peanut shell activated carbon and the determination of its properties.
Henan Chemical Industry 2006: 23 (11)-19-20
Author: Kong Jin Huijiero
Abstract: Using peanut shell as raw material, high-performance activated carbon was prepared by zinc chloride method, and the experimental influencing conditions were analyzed. The optimum preparation conditions were obtained by orthogonal test: the mass ratio of peanut shell to zinc chloride solution was 1∶2.5, the mass fraction of zinc chloride solution was 60%, the activation temperature was 600℃, and the activation time was 90 min. The properties of activated carbon prepared under these conditions were determined. Its apparent density is 0.4 146 g/mL, water content is 9.3067%, iron content is 0.002%, methylene blue adsorption value is 12.5 mL/(0. 1 g), and iodine adsorption value is1.269.
About the author: Kong (1978-), female, graduate student, engaged in green chemical research, tel: (037 1)63887937.
Author: Kong (School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002)
Jin Huijie (School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002)
Luo (School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002)
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Laboratory preparation method:
1, reagents and instruments
Reagents: zinc chloride, hydrochloric acid
Instruments: muffle furnace, electric oscillator, drying oven, 200 mesh screen.
2. Preparation process
Firstly, the peanut shell was washed, dried and crushed, and then it was mixed with a certain concentration of ZnC 12 solution according to a certain material-liquid ratio. After fully stirring, place the feed liquid at 14h, then move it into a crucible and put it into a muffle furnace for firing and activation, cool it, wash it with 1% dilute hydrochloric acid, then wash it with distilled water until the pH value is 5-7, dry it and grind it.
Activation temperature and activation time are the most important factors. The optimized material-liquid mass ratio is 1: 2.5, the mass fraction of zinc chloride is 60%, the activation temperature is 600℃, and the activation time is 90min.
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Industrial preparation method:
Raw material category of processed products: peanut shell
Processing product name activated carbon
Processing technology: activated carbon made from peanut shells.
Raw material preparation: peanut shells are washed, dried, crushed and sieved with a 40-mesh sieve for later use. Buy polyethylene beads for later use.
Product name activated carbon.
Production equipment, instruments and medicine mixers, plastic molds, carbonization furnaces, mixers, activation furnaces, wooden barrels, test paper, 120 mesh sieve, wok, sodium hydroxide, formaldehyde, zinc chloride, hydrochloric acid, ammonium chloride, styrene, hexane, calcium stearate and talcum powder.
The process flow is standby → carbonization → cooling → activation → washing → frying → drying → crushing and sieving to obtain the finished activated carbon.
Operating steps: Add 3 times of 44% zinc chloride solution (adjust pH= 1 with hydrochloric acid) to the standby materials, fully stir and soak, stand and absorb for 5 hours, then fully stir and stand and absorb for 5 hours until the zinc chloride solution is completely absorbed, move it into an open flat-bottomed carbonizer for closed carbonization, carbonize at 400℃ for 3 hours, fully stir once every 30 minutes, and wait until the furnace temperature drops to 65,438+. Until it turns into black coke, indicating that carbonization is complete, the discharging is cooled, soaked with twice the amount of 44% zinc chloride solution (pH= 1), fully stirred, moved into an activation furnace, activated at 650℃ for 70 minutes, discharged and cooled, moved into a wooden barrel, added with the same amount of 40% ammonium chloride solution, fully stirred and washed, and stood for clarification. Stir and wash with 30%, 12% and 3% ammonium chloride solution in turn, then stir and wash with 30% hydrochloric acid in the same amount, filter the carbon particles, put them into a pot, add equal volume of water, boil and wash for several times until there is no ammonium chloride in the washing, heat and evaporate, stir and stir, remove water, dry and crush, and pass through a 120 mesh sieve.
Precautions (1) Hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide are strong acids and alkali, and formaldehyde is highly toxic. Wear protective clothing, gloves and masks during operation to prevent acid and alkali burns. The treatment and discharge of waste acid-base solution must comply with the relevant provisions of the state to prevent environmental pollution. (2) During carbonization and activation, attention should be paid to high temperature to ensure safe production.
Benefit analysis: It takes about 4 tons of peanut shells to produce 1 ton of activated carbon.
Please also refer to:
What is the preparation and method of activated carbon?
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Preparation of bamboo activated carbon
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