preface
At present, in construction projects, polystyrene board or rock wool composite material is mostly used for exterior wall insulation board. A-grade rock wool board has good fire resistance, but it has not been widely used because of high material cost and high construction requirements. Rock wool is an artificial fiber made of selected basalt and diabase as the main raw materials and a certain amount of auxiliary materials. Non-combustible, non-toxic, light weight, low thermal conductivity, good sound absorption, good insulation and chemical stability and long service life. It is recognized as an ideal thermal insulation material at home and abroad.
Second, the characteristics of the construction method
2. 1 has a wide range of applications.
Rock wool board external thermal insulation system has the advantages of low thermal conductivity, good air permeability and high combustion performance, which can be applied to energy-saving thermal insulation projects of new, expanded and rebuilt residential buildings and public buildings, including external thermal insulation of EPS external thermal insulation system, non-transparent curtain wall thermal insulation and fire isolation zone.
2. 1 Save costs and shorten the construction period.
The rock wool external thermal insulation system has good thermal insulation performance, crack resistance, fire resistance and durability. At the same time, the rock wool board and the foundation wall adopt effective fixing measures, which has excellent wind load resistance. Rock wool board anchoring technology has the advantages of fast construction speed and simple technology, which can shorten the construction period, reduce the labor cost and strength of the project and reduce the construction cost. Green and environmentally friendly, with moderate cost, it is a kind of external wall insulation technology worth popularizing.
2.3 Conducive to wall tiles.
Rock wool board is one of the most commonly used materials for building sound absorption because of its excellent characteristics such as fire prevention, heat preservation and easy cutting.
Three process principles
Rock wool external wall insulation system takes rock wool as the main insulation material, and anchors such as plastic expansion bolts are used to fix the rock wool board with hot dip galvanized steel wire mesh. Gaskets are added in front of the surfaces of hot-dip galvanized steel wire mesh and rock wool board, so that there is a certain distance between the hot-dip galvanized steel wire mesh and rock wool board, which is beneficial to plastering the surface of rock wool board. After the rock wool board is fixed, the interface treatment is carried out on the surface of the rock wool board, which enhances the waterproof and surface strength of the rock wool board and effectively solves the bonding problem between the rock wool board and the rubber powder polystyrene particle leveling layer. The surface layer is leveled with rubber powder polystyrene particle thermal insulation mortar, which overcomes the problem that the surface load of rock wool board should not be too large, and has the characteristics of light weight, flame retardant, fire prevention, crack prevention and cost reduction. The anti-crack protective layer is composed of anti-crack mortar and plastic-coated alkali-resistant glass fiber grid cloth, which has good anti-crack performance and can effectively prevent liquid water from entering. The decorative layer is scraped with flexible waterproof putty and coated with elastic paint.
Four. Process flow and key points of operation
4. 1 process
△ Flow chart of cutting construction process for rock pile cap foundation
4.2 Key points of operation
(1) construction preparation
1) The wall base shall meet the requirements of Code for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Concrete Structure Engineering (GB50204-20 15), Code for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Masonry Engineering (GB 50203-201) and the corresponding wall base acceptance specifications. Before thermal insulation construction, the structural acceptance shall be done in conjunction with relevant departments. If the deviation of the wall at the grass-roots level is too large, mortar should be used for leveling.
Before construction, according to the design size of the overall external wall facade of each building, the layout of rock wool board is compiled to save materials and speed up the construction. Rock wool board should be laid horizontally along the long direction to ensure continuous combination. The upper and lower rows of boards should be vertically staggered, with a length of 1/2. The seam of rock wool board should be at least 200mm away from the corner, and the width of insulation board at the corner of the wall should not be less than 300 mm.
△ Typesetting Design Standard Requirement Diagram
3) Before construction, a sample layer should be made. The pasting of rock wool board should start from the detail nodes (such as balcony and cornice) and the angle of yin and yang to the middle. Check the bonding of insulation board, flat-fell seam of insulation board, setting of anchor nails, turnover of grid cloth, lap joint and reinforcement of four corners of doors and windows, and thickness of bonding layer and veneer through the sample. After inspection, large-scale construction can be carried out.
△ Design template and implementation diagram
3) Install the control steel wire at each corner of the house. In high-rise buildings and super-high-rise buildings, check the steel vertical line with theodolite.
4) The influence of insulation system thickness should be considered in the installation of external wall balcony railings, rainwater pipe supports and external fire exits.
5) Install the auxiliary frame of the outer window.
6) Scaffolding holes, through-wall holes and wall defects on the wall shall be repaired with corresponding materials.
7) Remove the rebar heads and protrusions of concrete beams or walls.
8) The deformation joints of the main structure should be handled in advance.
9) According to the requirements of engineering quantity, construction site and time limit for a project, make a construction plan, sample first, and determine the fixed consumption through sampling. The amount of materials shall be determined by Party A, Party B and the material suppliers through consultation, and the person in charge of construction shall be familiar with the drawings before insulation construction.
10) Organize the construction team to conduct technical training and disclosure, and conduct safety education.
(2) Basic interface processing
1) Clean up the wall, clean up oil stains, clean up floating ash, etc. Loose and weathered parts of the wall should be removed.
2) When plugging feet, hands, eyes and abandoned holes, the impurities and dust in the holes should be cleaned, watered and moistened, and then filled with cement mortar. Clean up the floating ash, release agent oil stain and other sundries remaining on the concrete wall, and rinse them with caustic soda water.
△ Implementation Diagram of Basic Interface Processing
(3) Hanging vertical and elastic control lines
1) missile control line
According to the technical requirements of building facade design and external wall insulation, horizontal and vertical control lines, expansion joints and decorative joints of external doors and windows pop up on the wall.
2) Hanging datum line
Hang vertical datum steel wires at the big corners (positive and negative corners) of buildings and other necessary places, and hang horizontal lines at appropriate positions on each floor to control the verticality and smoothness of rock wool boards.
△ Schematic diagram of elastic control line process
(4) Stick the turned grid cloth on the base.
The turnover grid cloth is arranged at the end of the insulation board. Paste the exposed side of the insulation board (such as expansion joints, building settlement joints, temperature joints and other joints on both sides, overhangs, doors and windows, etc.). ), the grid cloth should be reversed.
△ turnover grid layout
(5) Install the bracket
After measuring and positioning, embed the angle steel metal bracket into the designated position of the foundation wall with anchor nails, and reserve it for the subsequent rock wool board. Brackets must be installed on the same level. The short side of the bracket is provided with a reserved hole for fixing the rock wool board to avoid the longitudinal deformation of the rock wool board due to thermal expansion and cold contraction; Long holes are left on the long side of the bracket for mooring anchor nails, so as to adjust the position of the bracket during installation.
△ Support structure and installation details
(6) Preparation of polymer anti-crack bonding mortar and surface treatment of rock wool board.
Mortar used in construction is divided into special glue and surface plastering. It is required that the slurry is not caked and can be used only after it is fully dispersed evenly. It is advisable to use it all at once 1.5 hours. Please refer to the instruction of bonding mortar, the material manufacturer, for specific mortar composition and mixture ratio.
(7) Install and paste rock wool board (nylon anchor bolt drilling and anchoring method)
1) Cut the rock wool board according to the pre-arranged size (use a table saw or a hand saw to cut the tool), and connect it vertically at the corner. The corner should be straight and complete along the whole height of the building.
△ Schematic diagram of pasting and typesetting of rock wool board
2) Brush the special interface agent on the surface (single side) of the rock wool board, and coat the polymer mortar after drying. Rock wool boards are bonded by strip bonding method, with each strip width of 15mm and spacing of10 mm. ..
△ Schematic diagram of strip bonding construction
3) Immediately after brushing the ash, paste the rock wool board on the wall, and squeeze and level it with a 2mm guiding rule. Apply pressure evenly to fully bond the rock wool board with the base, and ensure its verticality, flatness and bonding area meet the requirements. Bonding mortar shall not be applied to the joints. After each piece of plastering, the residual bonding mortar on the plate joints and sides shall be scraped off in time.
△ Rock wool board is attached to the wall.
4) At the corner of the wall, the rock wool boards on both sides should be staggered and overlapped, and the sizes should be arranged first, and then the rock wool boards should be cut to ensure that the corner is straight and vertical.
△ Schematic diagram of the implementation of sticking the yin and yang angles of rock wool board
5) When pasting the balcony around the window frame and the balcony at the Yang angle, the baseline should be popped up first as the basis for controlling the upper and lower values of the balcony angle.
6) Before pasting, install aluminum alloy underplate on the foundation wall 500mm above the finished surface of apron slope root, and connect it with the underplate connector.
7) The bonding plastering of rock wool board insulation system should correspond to the anchoring position. The sides of plates shall not be coated with foam or stained with mucilage, the gap between plates shall not be greater than 2mm, and the height difference between plates shall not be greater than1.0mm.
(8) Polishing and leveling
1) After the fastener construction is completed, the out-of-tolerance part of the seam flatness of rock wool board should be polished with coarse sandpaper, and the polishing action should be gently moved around, not along the parallel direction of the seam of rock wool board.
2) After polishing, use a brush or compressed air to clean up the debris and other floating ash produced by polishing operation.
(9) The rock wool board shall be laid with rolled wrapping grid cloth.
1) Where the bag needs to be turned over, the front of the rock wool board shall be plastered with mixed plaster 100mm wide 1.5 ~ 2.0 mm thick;
2) Fold the pre-thrown grid cloth along the thickness direction of the plate and press it into plastering paste;
(10) Apply the first layer of polymer anti-crack mortar.
1) Apply a thin layer of interfacial agent on the surface of rock wool board, and then evenly apply polymer mortar on the rock board after drying.
2) Plastering mortar shall be constructed from top to bottom and from left to right in each construction area node;
3) Use a stainless steel trowel to smooth the 3 ~ 5 mm thick plaster on the surface of the rock wool board; It is required to completely cover the rock wool board.
4) Each daubing area should be slightly larger than the area of the grid cloth.
Delta polymer anti-crack mortar brushing implementation diagram
(1 1) Buried grid cloth
1) The so-called buried grid cloth is to horizontally wipe out a distance from the middle with a trowel, and then smooth the grid cloth up and down. It is forbidden to fold the grid cloth, and the grid cloth shall not be pressed too deeply to make it close to the bottom polymer mortar, and the surface must be exposed outside the bottom mortar.
2) Add a layer of grid cloth to reinforce the inner periphery of the door and window openings and the four corners of the openings. The grid cloth pasted on the big wall is overlapped on the steel grid cloth around the doors and windows, and buried together in the bottom polymer mortar.
3) At the corner of the wall, the grid cloth buried on both sides of the wall must be wrapped in the corner in both directions and overlap each other.
4) Stretch large area grid cloth along the length and horizontal direction.
(12) Installing anchorage
Choose an anchor to anchor, and drill holes with impact drill at the position required by the scheme. The required effective anchorage depth of concrete wall shall not be less than 30mm, and that of aerated concrete wall shall not be less than 50mm.
During operation, holes with a depth of not less than 50mm should be drilled on the foundation wall with an impact drill with a diameter of 8mm at the parts where the fasteners need to be installed; Hammer the expanding pipe of the anchor rod into the pre-drilled hole to ensure that the top plate is flush with the rock wool board; Knock the steel nail into the expansion pipe with a hammer, tighten the self-tapping screw with a screwdriver, and screw the engineering plastic expansion nail cap to be even or slightly flat with the surface of the rock wool board to ensure that the tail of the expansion nail rotates and the base is fully anchored.
Delta anchor bolt construction process template
(13) Apply the second layer of polymer anti-crack mortar and press it into the grid cloth.
The second layer of polymer anti-crack mortar shall be carried out after the first layer of plastering mortar is cured. The laying of grid cloth should be straight, and keep the founder and verticality of Yin and Yang angles. Standard grid cloth should be overlapped up and down, left and right, and the overlapping width should not be less than100m. The grid cloth used to reinforce the first floor of the building can be butted. Grid cloth shall not be laid on the surface of rock wool board or exposed; Waterproof mortar should be applied between the two layers, and dry piling is not allowed.
△ Construction drawing of the second layer of polymer anti-crack mortar and grid cloth
(14) Brush the third layer of polymer anti-crack mortar (the surface layer can enter the facing construction after receiving light).
1) When the mortar is pressed into the fiber net and dried until it doesn't stick to hands, polymer mortar shall be plastered, and the plastering thickness shall be subject to covering the grid cloth.
2) The surface plastering mortar shall completely cover the grid cloth, and the surface smoothness shall meet the requirements of coating and painting.
Five major quality control
5. 1 quality control standard
The external wall insulation system shall be tested for weatherability according to Technical Specification for External Wall Insulation Engineering (JJ144-2004). After the weather resistance test, there shall be no damage such as hollowing, peeling and falling off, and no seepage cracks. After the weather resistance test, the tensile bond strength of the system shall be tested and meet the requirements in Table 5- 1 below:
Table 5- 1: Performance Requirements Table for External Thermal Insulation System of External Wall
5.2 Quality assurance measures
The quality requirements of rock wool board shall conform to Rock wool products for external thermal insulation of building exterior wall (GB/T 25975-20 10) and Technical Specification for Application of External Thermal Insulation System of Thin Plastered Rock wool Board in Chongqing (DBJ50t-141-2012 The surface of the rock wool board should be smooth, and there should be no damage that hinders the use. The deviation between product specifications and overall dimensions shall meet the requirements in Table 5-2 below:
Table 5-2: Deviation Table of specifications and external dimensions of rock wool board
The quality requirements of alkali-resistant glass fiber grid cloth shall meet the requirements of Code for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Energy-saving Projects of Residential Buildings in Chongqing (DBJ50-069-2007), and the product performance indicators shall meet the requirements in Table 5-3:
Table 5-3: Performance Index of Alkali-resistant Glass Fiber Grid Cloth
The allowable deviation and inspection method of site installation of rock wool board shall comply with the provisions in Table 5-4:
Table 5-4: Table of allowable installation deviation and inspection method of rock wool board
Layering, hollowing and cracks at the grass-roots level should be eliminated to ensure no pulverization, peeling and ash explosion. The insulation layer shall be sealed, buried and waterproof in advance, and shall not be damaged afterwards.
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