LED is a semiconductor that can convert electric energy into light energy. It changes the principle of tricolor powder of incandescent tungsten filament and energy-saving lamp, and adopts electric field to emit light. According to the analysis, the characteristics of LED are very obvious, such as long life, high light efficiency, low radiation and low power consumption. The spectrum of white LED is almost completely concentrated in the visible light band, and the luminous efficiency can exceed 150lm/W(20 10 years). Comparing LED with ordinary incandescent lamp, spiral energy-saving lamp and T5 tricolor fluorescent lamp, the results show that the light efficiency of ordinary incandescent lamp is 1.2 lm/w, and its service life is less than 2000 hours. The power of spiral energy-saving lamp is 60lm/W, and its service life is less than 8000 hours. The power of T5 fluorescent lamp is 96lm/W, its life is about 1000 hours, and its diameter is 5 mm. It is also predicted that the upper limit of LED life will be infinite in the future. With the improvement of LED heat dissipation technology, outdoor lighting LED lamps, floodlights and other high-power LED lighting lamps have been industrialized and widely used. Stage lamps and studio lamps for indoor lighting, which require high color temperature and color rendering, have also been mass-produced and put into use. T8, T5 and T4 lamps, which are widely used and used in general lighting, have been serialized to replace incandescent lamps and energy-saving lamps, and their service life has reached 50,000 hours. LED lighting has entered a period of rapid development.