According to international practice, grouting is first used in hydraulic engineering calculation, and the pioneer of grouting method is French Charles Berigny. 1802, Belligny used grouting technology to repair the gravel soil foundation of tidal gate eroded by water flow. After the foundation stake is repaired, drill holes with the interval of 1m on the gate, and inject plastic clay through the holes with a "mud pump". Grouting pump consists of a wooden cylinder with an inner diameter of 8 cm, which is filled with plastic clay. A wooden piston is installed at the top, and clay is pressed into the hole with this equipment. Repeat this step until the clay completely fills the gap between the foundation slab and the foundation. The initial application of grouting for the first time has achieved great success, and the repaired tidal sluice has been put into use again, which is the first recorded application of grouting technology in the history of foundation engineering.
Portland cement was invented by English asp Ding in 1824. After that, the grouting method with cement slurry as the main grouting material began to popularize.
1845, Watson, USA poured cement mortar on the foundation of spillway chute.
1864, Barlow used cement slurry to fill and grout the back of tunnel lining, which was used in London and Paris subway projects. In the same year, the cement grouting technology was used for the first time to conduct the water plugging test in Ali Inpreb Mine.
1876, Thomas and Hawksley of the United States injected portland cement slurry into the rock foundation of Tengstol dam by downward flow of slurry.
1885, VIOS successfully injected cement slurry into rock cracks to prevent water inrush, which was widely used in mine construction in Europe.
1886, Britain successfully developed "compressed air grouting pump", which promoted the development of cement grouting method.
1887, German Szarski injected concentrated sodium silicate into one hole and calcium chloride into the adjacent hole, creating a silicification method, which was successfully applied to the sand fixation project of bridge buildings, creating a precedent for chemical grouting.
1909, Germany and Belgium successively obtained the patents of water glass grouting material and double liquid single system grouting method.
19 14, Albert Frankis of Belgium injected water glass and aluminum sulfate slurry, and then Hans Janade of Germany developed a one-time injection method for water glass and cement slurry.
In 1920, Dutch mining engineer E.J.Joosten used water glass and calcium chloride for grouting. On the theoretical basis and technology, he really established the bridge from cement grouting to chemical grouting, and formed the "Eusden grouting method", and obtained the patent of 1926. Since then, the double-liquid grouting water plugging technology has been popularized and applied.
1924 Japan used cement-water glass mixed slurry for grouting in the fault fracture zone of the old Danna railway tunnel, which achieved good results and was widely used in future tunnel projects.
In the 1940s, the research and application of grouting technology entered its heyday, and various cement pastes and chemical pastes came out one after another. Especially since the 1960s, organic polymer chemical materials have developed rapidly, and countries have made great efforts to develop grouting materials and grouting technology. With the rapid development of grouting materials, grouting technology and grouting equipment have also developed greatly, and the application scale of grouting technology is getting wider and wider, involving almost all geotechnical and civil engineering fields, such as mines, railways, oil fields, water conservancy and hydropower, tunnels, underground engineering, geotechnical slope stability, municipal engineering, construction engineering, bridge engineering, foundation treatment and land subsidence. However, since the poisoning accident caused by acrylamide grouting in Fukuoka, Japan on 1974, the research and application of chemical grouting materials and technologies once fell into a low tide. Japan prohibits the use of all other chemical slurries except sodium silicate, and countries all over the world also prohibit the use of highly toxic chemical slurries.
In 1980s, due to the modification of chemical grout, chemical grouting technology developed continuously. At present, in view of the shortcomings of cement slurry and chemical slurry, countries all over the world have carried out the work of improving existing grouting materials and developing new grouting materials, and successively developed a number of improved slurry materials with low toxicity, non-toxicity and high efficiency.
To sum up, after more than 200 years of development, grouting technology has developed from single liquid grouting to multi-liquid injection; Grouting materials have developed from clay slurry to chemical slurry with high efficiency, non-toxicity and easy injection; The equipment has also developed from a single grouting equipment to a special equipment for measurement, pulping, grouting, recording, inspection and analysis; With the improvement of technology, the application fields are more and more extensive.