Ten financing options
1. Fixed return: The enterprise uses fixed assets or projects as collateral and is willing to sell its own equity. We will invest cash in the shares and will not participate in dividends. A fixed return is charged to the business each year. At the expiration of the cooperation period, we will recover the cost by transferring shares, and the enterprise has the right of priority to repurchase. If the enterprise does not repurchase, we can dispose of the equity on our own to compensate for the investment cost. If the cooperation period is less than three years, a fixed return of RMB 12-12 will be charged each year. If the cooperation period is five years or more, a fixed return of RMB 12 will be charged each year. It is suitable for corporate projects with high interest rates or short construction periods. Depending on the specific circumstances of the project, a construction period of 1-2 years will be given, and the capital amount will be within 200 million yuan.
2. Commercial lending; 1) The term is 3-5 years, the loan amount is within 200 million, the asset mortgage rate is 50-80 depending on the asset quality, and the annual interest rate is 8-13 2) The term is 15 years A one-time discount of RMB 15-17, for a three-year construction period, with annual interest starting from the fourth year of RMB 13 until maturity (only interest is paid, not principal repayment). The borrower should submit the following information: project feasibility study report, asset evaluation report, and the past two years Annual financial statements, a complete set of supporting documents for the enterprise (copy of business license, national tax, local tax registration certificate, code certificate, legal person qualification certificate, project approval document from the competent department) financing application. After preparing the above information and submitting it to us for review, we will make a decision to accept or not accept it. If accepted, we will notify you in time and agree on a time for both parties to meet and negotiate. The specific interest rate will be determined based on the risk status of the project and the repayment guarantee ability. .
3. Large-denomination certificates of deposit pledge loans; we issue large-denomination deposit notes in the name of the enterprise (the first batch of the highest amount is 20 million) in the four major state-owned banks (Bank of China, Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, Agricultural Bank of China, China Construction Bank) Yuan) is handed over to the enterprise to obtain a pledged loan from a local bank. The enterprise can designate personnel to go to our bank to underwrite the guarantee and receive a one-time interest discount for three years18.
4. Direct deposit operation: We open an account in the company’s local designated bank in our name and deposit the amount agreed by both parties. The term is one or three years and can be renewed. At the same time, we take away the money. The interest rate of "Invoice" (one-year current) or "Confirmation" (time-term) deposit is based on the interest rate of the People's Bank of China for the same period. We can promise not to withdraw in advance or report losses, and the project party will voluntarily pay us various fees of 12.5 (one-year current) or 11 (regular) and 16 (three-year) of the total deposit.
5. Bank guarantee; it is a guaranteed written commitment document issued by the bank in response to the customer's application. Once the applicant fails to repay the debt or perform the agreed obligations as stipulated in the contract signed with the beneficiary, , the bank will fulfill the guarantee responsibility, and the applicant needs to provide a complete set of corporate certificates, pledgeable items and other documents. The term is five years, with a one-time interest discount of 9, the principal will be repaid upon maturity, and the deposit interest will be based on the RMB bank interest rate for the same period.
6. Bank acceptance bills: The enterprise side issues no transfer discount as agreed by both parties, and is limited to designated bank acceptance bills accepted over the counter by this bank. Transfer it to the investor in the form of endorsement transfer, and store the bank acceptance draft in the safe deposit box of the issuing bank, which will issue a custody slip to the investor. The half-year bank acceptance bill can be extended for three or five years. The bill is renewed every six months, with an interest discount of 5 for the first time and 3.6 for each subsequent renewal.
7. Three-party entrusted loan [jointly entrusted bank loan];
8. Agreement deposit;
9. Provide "bridge" for enterprises or institutions Funds [enterprise acquisition funds, accounting, bank acceptance discounts, margins, etc.];
10. Standby letter of credit
Writer: Heyin Investment (China) Co., Ltd.
p>Download the loan application form: Yu ①.⑧.⑨/②.⑤.①.④/⑦.⑦.④.⑧ (Guangzhou)
It is difficult for enterprises to get loans and banks are also difficult to lend. difficulty. Companies' behaviors such as withdrawing funds, defaulting on accounts, and evading bank debts make banks want to lend but cannot. The president used many years of lending experience to unlock the seemingly ethereal but very realistic loan "nuclear weapon" - integrity
The author has long been engaged in bank credit business and small and medium-sized enterprise services.
The author realizes that on the one hand, many companies report that it is difficult to get loans, and on the other hand, the deposit gap (the difference between deposits minus loans) in the banking system continues to increase. What is the reason for this? The core of the difficulty in obtaining loans for small and medium-sized enterprises is the word "integrity".
The author has contacted a large number of companies and found that companies with difficulty in obtaining loans generally have untrue accounting information, false financial accounts, empty capital, and chaotic accounting. The fraudulent behavior of individual enterprises and the resulting problems such as evading funds, defaulting on accounts, evading bank debts, malicious tax evasion and tax arrears, and inferior products have always affected the overall image of small and medium-sized enterprises to a certain extent and become a constraint on the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. outstanding issues. What are the “non-malicious” manifestations of dishonesty among small and medium-sized enterprises?
Due to the imperfection of the entire social credit mechanism, many companies have been turned into dishonest companies. Apart from malicious fraud and debt evasion, what are the symptoms of kind-hearted operators being turned into dishonest companies?
1. Capital shell
When some companies register, they try to increase their capital in order to facilitate future loans. If a technology company has been unable to get a loan for more than three years, come to me for a loan. When I looked at the report, I saw that the registered capital was 3 million, and the market supply exceeded demand, but the long-term investment was 1 million and the short-term investment was 1 million. Currently, in order to meet market demand, we urgently need a loan of 2 million yuan. It stands to reason that a company's products have a market and are profitable, so it should get a loan, but why hasn't it been able to get a loan in the past two years? I asked: Since your own product is so good, why would you give 2 million yuan to others to "play"? And others "played" without getting anything in return? The operators have been hit hard - the company's paid-in capital should only be 1 million. How can 1 million be used in vain (2 million)? My advice: borrow 600,000 first, and gradually build up your credit, then it will not be difficult to borrow again. In this way, corporate conflicts are temporarily resolved.
2. Tax evasion
A business owner came to me and said, "Our product orders have been placed until 2006. Sales are very good, but we are short of funds. President, please lend me some money." Let me." When I looked at the report, I saw annual sales of 560 million, annual profit of 1.09 million, and net sales profit margin of only 0.0019. I said that your profits are so low, what else are you doing? Working for the bank (paying interest) is not enough, so what are you borrowing? Money? The boss immediately confessed, "The report is a bit too small. I have hid the profits. In order to pay less taxes, I wrote less income." Since you have no integrity, how dare I lend you money? Can't you still play tricks on me then? As far as I know, there are quite a few similar companies. The largest company has eight sets of reports and uses different tricks on different targets. Do you dare to make friends like this?
3. Those holding golden dolls can’t make money
The most typical ones are technology-based enterprises. The operators have a stack of certificates in their hands: National Innovation Certificate, Technology-based Enterprise Class A certificate, national patent certificate, international search report certificate, user approval certificate, etc. This type of enterprise is mainly composed of scientists and patent inventors. A few intellectuals come together to raise 100,000 or 80,000 yuan. Including intangible assets, the registered capital can reach 1 million yuan, and they require bank loans of 6 million or 8 million yuan. "I spend all my own expenses on research and development. There is definitely a market for my products. Please lend me money." Can the bank lend? According to national regulations, bank loans to enterprises generally cannot exceed 1 to 1.5 times the capital or net assets. That is, if you have 1 million, I will support you at most 1.5 million. The operator was unhappy: "I need at least 6 million to launch my product." I suggested: "Since the product is so good, I will introduce you to a partner. You will provide the technology and they will provide the money." "That won't work, this golden doll It’s my life’s work, my whole life has been devoted to this product, and I don’t want others to share my achievements. “How pitiful! It has been more than ten years and your product has not been launched yet. If you wait two years, the patent will lose its protection period. Everyone can enjoy this intellectual property. How can you make money?
4. Accounts receivable or inventory are too large
There are many companies with really good products and a good market. The worst thing is companies with a capital of 3 million, accounts receivable Up to 9 million. The boss said that he relied on the help of his friends to do business and was embarrassed to ask for accounts receivable. If the account is older than six months, it is dangerous; if it is older than one year, it will become a bad debt, and your work will be in vain.
There are people in the IT industry and computer companies with inventories of more than 5 million, and they are urging banks to borrow money. If you have more than three months of computer inventory, who wants it? Why is there only one way to go to Huashan - just go to the bank? Why not quickly find the loopholes in your own business management. What are the bank credits?
Generally speaking, banks mainly examine the creditworthiness of enterprises in four aspects:
1. Bank credit
Including settlement credit and loan credit:
Settlement credit means that the cash settlement situation of the enterprise applying for the loan is normal, and there have been no bad records such as violations of settlement disciplines, refunds, inability to cash bills, and fines. Loan credit means that the company applying for the loan has a good willingness to repay, has had bank loans before, and has no overdue loans or interest arrears and other insolvencies.
A special reminder is that the boss must personally handle the finances. Some companies forget the repayment date due to temporary neglect. Once the repayment period passes, it becomes overdue and becomes overdue in the banking system. "Blacklist" (Shanghai's banking system is internally connected to the Internet). You suddenly became "black" and the whole city knew about it. Even if you think about it the next day, it will be difficult to request a rollover. Even if the bank manager wants to help you, there is nothing he can do. Remember: if you borrow something, you must repay it, and it’s not difficult to borrow again!
2. Commercial credit: Including that the company applying for a loan can abide by the merchant's promises and not break promises in terms of contract performance and repayment of accounts payable debts.
3. Financial credit: accounting settlement standards, accounting statements are authentic and credible, assets are real, and there is no withdrawal of cash or other fraud.
4. Tax credit: The enterprise can pay the tax payable on time and has no bad records such as tax theft or evasion. The above are the four principles for banks to evaluate the creditworthiness of borrowing companies.
Enterprises must also grasp the following 12 indicators:
Financial structure:
1. Ratio of net assets to outstanding loan balance. Must be greater than 100 (real estate companies can be greater than 80).
2. Asset-liability ratio. Must be less than 70, preferably less than 55.
Solvency:
3. Current ratio. Generally speaking, the larger the index is, the stronger the company's short-term debt repayment ability is. Generally, the index is better between 150 and 200.
4. Quick ratio. Generally speaking, the larger the indicator is, the stronger the company's short-term solvency is. Usually, the indicator is around 100. For small and medium-sized enterprises, it should be relaxed appropriately and should be greater than 80.
5. Guarantee ratio. Enterprises should minimize the risk of losses. Generally speaking, it is better if the ratio is less than 0.5.
Cash flow:
6. The net cash flow generated by the company's operating activities should be positive, and the cash return from its sales revenue should be above 85~95.
7. When an enterprise purchases goods and services during its business activities, the cash payment rate should be above 85 to 95.
Operating capabilities:
8. Main business income growth rate. Generally speaking, if the annual growth rate of main business income is not less than 8, it means that the company's main business is in the growth stage. If the ratio is below -5, the product is reaching the end of its life.
9. Accounts receivable turnover speed. Generally, enterprises should have more than six times. Generally speaking, the higher the company's accounts receivable turnover rate, the shorter the average collection period of the company's accounts receivable, and the faster the funds are withdrawn.
10. The turnover rate of deposits and loans should generally be greater than five times for small and medium-sized enterprises. The faster the inventory turnover rate, the lower the inventory occupancy level and the stronger the liquidity.
Operating benefits:
11. Operating profit margin. This indicator indicates the profitability level of the annual operating income and reflects the comprehensive profitability of the enterprise. Generally speaking, this indicator should be greater than 8. Of course, the greater the indicator value, the stronger the overall profitability of the company.
12. The return on net assets should currently be greater than 5 for small and medium-sized enterprises. Generally speaking, the higher the value of this indicator, the higher the return on investment and the higher the level of returns for shareholders. How do SMEs get loans?
Nowadays, it is obvious that small and medium-sized enterprises, especially private small and medium-sized enterprises, have difficulty in financing.
Relatively speaking, small and medium-sized enterprises are a vulnerable group in society and need support from all aspects of society. The recent promulgation of the "Small and Medium Enterprises Promotion Law" provides legal protection for the healthy development of small and medium-sized enterprises. Operators must do the following:
1. Stay within the boundaries and never deviate from the norm.
As an operator of a small and medium-sized enterprise, you must pay attention to the market value of integrity. Starting from now, work hard to establish an image of corporate integrity externally. You must abide by yourself, operate legally, never deviate from the rules, play tricks, and keep your promises with integrity. The company's honest image will accompany you throughout your life and bring you unexpected wealth.
2. Work steadily and win step by step.
In operations, you must live within your means, first calculate the profit point and repayment ability, and do not ask for a loan of 2 million yuan for a capital of 500,000 yuan. The loan period is also realistic. If you can repay it in one year, don't guarantee: "Six months is enough." In addition, limited funds should be concentrated on the main business, and there is no requirement for full flowering, full results, or becoming a fat man in one bite.
3. Master the tools and use them flexibly. Facing the trend of economic globalization, it is not enough for operators to just understand their own products. They must also learn finance and taxation knowledge, be familiar with financial tools, and operate financial products flexibly. For example, there are various types of bank loans, including movable and real estate mortgage loans, patent intellectual property mortgage loans, plant and equipment mortgage loans, natural person property mortgage or guaranteed loans, export tax refund certificate mortgage loans, and standard warehouse receipt mortgage loans. For import and export enterprises, they can also make flexible use of various types of bank trade financing, such as bill discount, letter of credit, buyer's credit, letter of guarantee, etc.
There are also many channels for corporate financing, including direct financing and indirect financing. For direct financing, technology-based enterprises can strive for funding and interest discounts from the National Innovation Fund; they can also absorb partners, invest in shares, and join forces. For indirect financing, if you need to purchase large equipment, you can engage in financial leasing; if you are short of short-term funds, you can adjust your position in a pawn shop. In short, all roads lead to Rome, it depends on how you use them flexibly.
4. Identify a family and make friends to the end.
Some companies mistakenly believe that making friends with banks will make it easier to borrow money in the future, so they open accounts in more than a dozen banks. Let’s not talk about the “capital cost” of each account. The “emotional cost” alone is too much for you to deal with. Enterprises should choose a nearby bank to open an account for settlement that they think has good service. The advantage of this is that it concentrates funds and settlement, allowing the bank to see that your trade is booming, and it also allows the bank to see your sincerity. The better you let the bank know you, the more likely you are to make friends, and even become friends in times of need. The bank knows you very well and is willing to help you at critical moments.
As an operator, you must eliminate the above-mentioned shortcomings and establish integrity in order to be supported by banks and society.
Writer: Heyin Investment (China) Co., Ltd.
Download loan application form: Yu①.⑧.⑨/②.⑤.①.④/⑦.⑦ .④.⑧（Guangzhou）