What toxic substances are in paint? What impact will it have on the human body?

What harm do common toxic substances in paint do to the human body?

What are the main hazards to human health caused by common toxic substances in paints? In paints and coatings, we often come into contact with some toxic substances, which can cause problems to the environment and human health..

(1) Toluene, xylene Toluene and xylene are moderately toxic solvents in the solvent classification, and have anesthetic and narcotic effects on the human body. It is toxic to the nervous system at high concentrations, but its residual toxicity in the human body is low and can generally be eliminated through metabolism. The maximum allowable concentration in the air is 100mg/m3. People who have been exposed to toluene and xylene for a long time should not drink liquor, let alone excessive high-strength liquor, because alcohol will prolong its residence time in the body, which is extremely harmful to health. The workplace should maintain air circulation to reduce its concentration in the air.

(Di) Benzene Benzene is a highly toxic solvent. It is a fragrant and volatile organic compound that has anesthetic and narcotic effects on the human nervous system. Inhalation of small amounts can also cause long-term damage to the human body. Benzene can accumulate in the nervous system and bone marrow, causing damage to the nervous system and hematopoietic tissues, causing a decrease in the number of white blood cells and platelets in the blood, and long-term exposure can cause leukemia.

(3) Glycol ether solvents Glycol ether solvents will form highly toxic compounds after metabolism in the body, causing permanent damage to the human body's blood circulation system and nervous system. Long-term exposure to high concentrations of glycol ether solvents can cause cancer. In addition, glycol ether solvents can cause permanent damage to the female reproductive system and cause female infertility.

(4) TDI (Chinese name is toluene diisocyanate) TDI has low vapor pressure and has a strong anti-inflammatory effect on the human cornea, causing eye redness and swelling. When TDI vapor is inhaled by the human body, it will damage the liver and kidney functions of the human body. Long-term exposure to high concentrations of TDI vapor can cause cancer. In polyurethane (PU) paints, the free TDI of the curing agent component is <0.5%, which is basically harmless to health. The free TDI content of "Classic" Aijia Health Paint is <0.02%, 10 times lower than the national mandatory standard, which avoids the damage of free TDI to the human body.

(5) Heavy metals Heavy metals mainly exist in paints and are mainly derived from the pigments in paints. Excessive intake of heavy metals by the human body can cause chronic poisoning. Heavy metals affect the growth and development of children, especially their intellectual development. Some heavy metals can remain in the brain and internal organs, causing permanent damage to the liver, kidneys, etc.

(6) Phthalate plasticizers Phthalate plasticizers are the largest and most widely used plasticizers in volatile paints. There are no obvious adverse effects on adult health, but it will have adverse effects on children's development, mainly causing premature puberty in children.

(7) VOC VOC is volatile organic compounds. According to incomplete statistics, my country's paint industry emits about 3 million tons of organic volatile compounds into the atmosphere every year, directly causing pollution to the atmospheric environment and destroying the human living environment. It harms human health and causes huge waste of resources, which is incompatible with today's economic model of regenerative and sustainable development.

(8) Formaldehyde Formaldehyde is a corrosive gas that can damage the respiratory tract and internal organs. It is mainly found in adhesives and water-based paints. Inferior wall putty is also a major source.

(9) Radon Radon is a colorless, odorless radioactive gas, 7.5 times heavier than air, and is the decay product of radioactive elements such as uranium and radium. After radon gas decays, the short-lived progeny products produced are collectively called radon and its progeny; radon is distributed in soil, water and air. Concentrations of radon are higher in soil or rocks that contain high levels of uranium series. Radon is emitted by uranium in underground, above-ground water and building minerals, enters indoors, and accumulates in poorly ventilated areas; radon is a gas, but radon progeny are solid.

Indoors, most radon progeny attach to fine particles suspended in the air. When the short-lived daughters of radon are inhaled, they are continuously deposited on the surface of the respiratory tract and accumulate in regional areas, which can lead to lung cancer, leukemia, respiratory tract and other diseases. Because in the lungs, radon progeny can release ɑ particles, as well as ? particles and r-rays, thus causing harm to the lungs. What toxic substances are in paint?

Paint contains harmful substances such as benzene and arsenic.

Paint is a chemical mixture coating that can firmly cover the surface of an object for protection, decoration, marking and other special purposes. It is an organic chemical polymer material, and the coating film formed is a polymer compound type. According to the classification of modern chemical products, coatings are fine chemical products. Modern coatings are gradually becoming a multifunctional engineering material and an important industry in the chemical industry.

Paint is a viscous oil pigment, flammable when wet, insoluble in water, slightly soluble in fat, soluble in alcohol, aldehyde, ether, benzene, alkane, easily soluble in gasoline, kerosene, diesel fuel.

Regardless of the variety or form, paint is composed of three basic substances: film-forming substances, secondary film-forming substances and auxiliary film-forming substances;

Film-forming substances: also known as Binders and film-forming substances are mostly organic polymer compounds such as natural resins (rosin, lacquer), coatings (tung oil, linseed oil, soybean oil, fish oil, etc.), synthetic resins and other mixed ingredients, which are formed through high-temperature reactions. There are also Paints composed of inorganic substances (such as inorganic zinc-rich paint). Various film-forming substances are classified into ***xxx categories according to national standards. It is the main body of paint and determines the effectiveness of the paint film. Without film-forming substances, simple pigments and auxiliary materials cannot form a paint film.

Secondary film-forming substances: including various pigments, extender pigments, and anti-rust pigments. Pigments provide color and hiding power to the paint film, improving the protective efficiency and decorative effect of the paint. Pigments with good weather resistance can extend the service life of the paint. Extensive pigments can increase the thickness of the paint film, and utilize the effectiveness of its own "flaky, needle-like" structure to form a fish-scale paint film through the accumulation of pigments, extending the service life of the paint film, improving waterproofness and rust prevention Effect. Anti-rust pigments use their own physical and chemical anti-rust effects to prevent the surface of objects from being corroded by the atmosphere and chemical substances, and the metal surface from being corroded.

Auxiliary film-forming substances: including various additives, solvents, various additives play a very important role in the production process, storage process, use process of paint, and the formation process of paint film. Although the amount used is very small, it has a great impact on the performance of the paint film. Even the paint film cannot be formed, such as: it does not dry, sinks to the bottom and agglomerates, or forms a skin.

Judgment skills

Green environmentally friendly paint

The first point: Look at the toxicity of paint solvents, that is, those that can cause disease after contact with the human body or being inhaled solvent. The familiar benzene and methanol are toxic solvents. Ethylene glycol ethers are also highly toxic solvents and their use has been strictly prohibited. Toxic solvents can cause direct harm to production and construction personnel, so you must pay attention to whether the paint ingredients contain these solvents.

The second point: user security issues. Generally speaking, after the paint dries, the solvent in the paint can basically evaporate completely, but some solvents evaporate very slowly. Although the amount of these solvents is not large, if they are exposed to toxic substances for a long time, they will also be harmful to human health. cause damage. Therefore, when purchasing paint, be sure to check whether the use of solvents is strictly restricted.

The third point: Look at the VOC content of the paint. The lower the content, the more environmentally friendly the paint is. VOC is volatile organic compound, which is the abbreviation of English VolatileOr-ganicCompound. It refers to organic compounds in coating products that can volatilize on their own under normal temperature and pressure. Overseas, restrictions on the amount of solvents in coatings are becoming increasingly strict. Some commonly used solvents such as toluene, xylene, methyl ethyl ketone, acetate, etc. are restricted, and ethanol is no exception. What toxic substances do paints contain?

The most harmful substances in paints to the human body mainly include formaldehyde, benzene, TVOC, etc. Formaldehyde is a colorless, soluble, toxic gas. Man-made panels such as particleboard, density board, and plywood, adhesives and wallpaper are the main sources of formaldehyde in the air, with a release period of 3 to 15 years. It can be absorbed through the respiratory tract. The harm of formaldehyde to the human body is characterized by long-term, latent and hidden effects. Long-term inhalation of formaldehyde can cause serious diseases such as nasopharyngeal cancer and laryngeal cancer.

Benzene is a colorless gas with a special aromatic odor. Glues, paints, coatings and adhesives are major sources of benzene in the air. After benzene and benzene series are inhaled by the human body, they can cause central nervous system anesthesia; they can inhibit the body's hematopoietic function, reduce red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, and increase the incidence of aplastic anemia; they can also cause abnormal menstruation in women and congenital abnormalities in fetuses. Defects etc. TVOC is the abbreviation of Total Volatile Organic Compound, VOC, Votatile Organic Compound. VOC is a heterogeneous pollutant in indoor air. Because their individual concentration is low but there are many types, they are generally not expressed one by one. TVOC is used to express the total amount. TVOC includes benzene, toluene, butyl acetate, ethylbenzene, p-xylene, styrene, o-xylene, undecane, etc. What are the toxic substances in polyester paint?

Polyester paint needs to be cured during construction, and the amount of these curing agents accounts for one-third of the total amount of paint. These curing agents are also called hardeners, and their main component is TDI (toluene diisocyanate). Free TDI exceeding the standard can also cause harm to the human body. The harm of free TDI to the human body is mainly sensitization and inflammatory effects, including causing symptoms such as pain and tearing, conjunctival congestion, cough and chest tightness, shortness of breath, asthma, red papules, maculopapular rash, contact allergic dermatitis and other symptoms. The international limit standard for free TDI is to be controlled below 0.5%. According to the normal emission rate of TDI, its release amount can generally reach the national standard after about 4 months. However, once the slow-release treatment is carried out, the emission period is greatly extended. According to actual testing data, the TDI emission period of some polyester paints exceeds 18 Monthly, there are more than 20. What toxic substances are in paint? What foods are helpful to painters?

In paints and coatings, we often come into contact with some toxic compounds, which can cause certain toxic effects on the environment and human health. The common toxic compounds in paints and coatings are briefly described as follows: Toluene and xylene: are moderately toxic solvents in the solvent classification. They have anesthetic and narcotic effects on the human body. They are toxic to the nervous system at high concentrations, but in humans The residual toxicity in the body is low and can generally be eliminated through metabolism. The maximum allowable concentration in the air is 100mg/m3. People who have been exposed to toluene and xylene for a long time should not drink liquor, let alone excessive high-strength liquor, because alcohol will prolong its residence time in the body, which is extremely harmful to health. The workplace should maintain air circulation to reduce its concentration in the air. According to the latest research data, toluene and xylene will produce certain photochemical reactions after entering the atmosphere, which will have a certain destructive effect on the ozone layer. Benzene: It is a highly toxic solvent. Inhaling a small amount can cause long-term damage to the human body. Benzene can accumulate in the nervous system and bone marrow, causing damage to the nervous system and hematopoietic tissues, causing a decrease in the number of white blood cells and platelets in the blood, and long-term exposure can cause leukemia. Glycol ether solvents: Glycol ether solvents will form highly toxic compounds after metabolism in the body, causing permanent damage to the human body's blood circulation system and nervous system. Long-term exposure to high concentrations of glycol ethers Solvents can cause cancer. In addition, glycol ether solvents can cause permanent damage to the female reproductive system and cause female infertility. TDI: TDI has low vapor pressure and has a strong irritating effect on the human cornea, causing eye redness and swelling. When TDI vapor is inhaled by the human body, it will damage the liver and kidney functions of the human body. Long-term exposure to high concentrations of TDI vapor can cause cancer. In polyurethane (PU) paints, only the free TDI of the curing agent component is less than 0.5%, which will not cause toxic effects on the human body. Because at low concentrations, free TDI cannot easily escape from the system and cannot form TDI vapor that can be toxic to the human body. In the current national standards, the free TDI is stipulated to be less than 0.7% after the paint is formulated, so the curing agent component alone is actually still highly toxic. Because of the level of the domestic TDI polymerization industry, it currently lags behind that of developed countries. is very large, so from the perspective of protecting national industry, the scope of standards set by the state is relatively wide. Heavy metals: Excessive intake of heavy metals by the human body can cause chronic poisoning. Heavy metals affect the growth and development of children, especially their intellectual development. Some heavy metals can remain in the brain and internal organs, causing permanent damage to the liver, kidneys, etc.

Phthalate plasticizers: This type of plasticizer is the largest and most widely used plasticizer in volatile paints. It has been considered non-toxic to the human body for quite some time. However, according to the latest research in Europe and the United States, this type of plasticizer has no obvious adverse effects on adult health, but it can have adverse effects on children's development, mainly causing premature puberty in children. Therefore, recent European and American standards have clearly stipulated that such plasticizers are prohibited in children's toys. VOC: VOC is volatile organic compounds. According to incomplete statistics, my country's paint industry emits about 3 million tons of organic volatile compounds into the atmosphere every year, directly polluting the atmospheric environment, destroying the human living environment, harming human health, and causing huge waste of resources. , which is incompatible with today’s economic model of regenerative and sustainable development.

What are the toxic substances in chemical wastewater

Wright Ryder The organic acids that appear in wastewater include formic acid, acetic acid, long-chain fatty acids, citric acid, oxalic acid, and aromatic carboxylic acids And dibasic acid, etc.

1 Distillation and evaporation method: Add excess methanol to produce methyl formate with a lower boiling point, and evaporate it from the wastewater. It is then heated to recover the methanol.

2 Coagulation and sedimentation method: Adjusting the pH value of wastewater and adding chemical coagulants to the wastewater can remove organic acids in the wastewater.

3 Adsorption method: Carboxylic acid can also be adsorbed and recovered using macroporous adsorption resin. The resin structure contains different groups, which can adsorb and recover different chemical substances.

4 Extraction method: Acetic acid in wastewater can be extracted with butanol.

Precipitation method: Wastewater containing aromatic acids or their salts can use ferric salts as precipitants to adjust the pH value of the wastewater to produce precipitation, which is then removed by filtration. The removal rate is related to the pH after treatment and has nothing to do with the concentration of the pollutant.

6 Oxidation method: Most carboxylic acid wastewater can be treated by oxidation method. Including batch liquid phase oxidation, wet oxidation, ozone oxidation, etc.

7 Biochemical method: Most fatty acids can be processed by aerobic biological methods. It is generally believed that linear fatty acids are easily biochemically degradable, and the introduction of other groups into the linear structure may affect the biodegradability of acids. Are there toxic substances in nail polish? What are toxic substances? Why is it poisonous? What adverse reactions will it cause to the human body?

Nail polish is also called "nail paint". Its main components are 70%-80% volatile solvents, about 15% nitrocellulose, a small amount of oily solvents, camphor, titanium dioxide and oil-soluble pigments. The film formed after nail polish is applied to the nails is firm and has a moderately colored luster, which can protect the nails and give them a sense of beauty. Nail polish is basically made of nitrocellulose and chemical solvents such as acetone, ethyl acetate, ethyl lactate, and phthalic acid tincture. This kind of nail polish can make the nails red and moist when applied on the nails, and will not fade for a long time, so it is loved by people. However, most of these raw materials have certain biological toxicity and should be avoided from entering the human body and causing chronic poisoning. After applying nail polish, do not hold food with your hands to avoid sticking the nail polish to the food and prevent "poison entering from the mouth". Special attention should be paid to oily foods such as fried dough sticks and cakes, which contain a lot of oil, and cannot be eaten with hands, because the compounds contained in nail polish are fat-soluble compounds and are easily dissolved in oil, so be extra careful. At the same time, nail polish contains a substance called phthalate ester. If this substance is absorbed by the human body for a long time, it is not only very harmful to human health, but also most likely to cause miscarriage and birth defects in pregnant women. Therefore, women who are pregnant or breastfeeding should avoid using cosmetics labeled with "phthalate esters" to prevent phthalates from causing miscarriage or infant deformities. We know that although the phthalate ester is applied by the future mother, it is the unborn child who suffers. In addition, this harmful substance can also harm the baby's organs below the waist and cause genital deformities. Therefore, if the mother uses cosmetics containing this substance while breastfeeding, the child may suffer from infertility or impotence when he grows up. This is the harmful effect of phthalate esters, a substance that blocks the function of male hormones. The ingredients of ordinary nail polish are generally composed of two types. One type is solid components, mainly pigments, glitter substances, etc.; the other type is liquid solvent components, the main ones used are acetone, ethyl acetate (commonly known as banana water), phthalate Diformate, formaldehyde, etc.

There are many types of pigments, including natural and artificial. The most widely used nowadays is of course artificial pigments, but many artificial pigments are toxic and may be harmful to the human body. The well-known Sudan red is a carcinogen. Natural pigments may also be mixed with harmful ingredients, but they can be purified to remove harmful ingredients. However, the removal technology is quite difficult and costly, and is generally not used by manufacturers. The solvent components of ordinary nail polish are basically toxic or harmful substances, which is not known by ordinary people. Among them, the most powerful ones should be phthalates and formaldehyde, followed by acetone, ethyl acetate, etc. Among the hazardous ingredients in nail polish, phthalates can interfere with normal hormonal balance and cause serious reproductive damage and other health problems; benzene and formaldehyde are both carcinogens. There are also reports that some ingredients in nail polish may have an impact on the health of the fetus, which requires great attention. In ordinary nail polish, in order to achieve the purpose of making the nail polish dry quickly, a large amount of acetone and ethyl acetate are added. These two ingredients are characterized by being extremely volatile, so the nail polish can dry out quickly. However, acetone and ethyl acetate are dangerous chemicals. They are flammable and explosive. When they volatilize, they produce a dizzying odor and pollute the indoor air (their volume will expand a thousand times after volatilizing). , in the case of long-term inhalation, it may cause harm to the nervous system and is also highly toxic to mucous membranes. Exposure to these ingredients is even more dangerous if there are babies at home. Another disadvantage of these organic solvents is that after repeated use on nails, they will cause the nails to change color, become brittle, and turn white, leading to "failed manicure and damage to nails." Therefore, some instructions on how to use nail polish write: "It is best to apply nail polish in a ventilated room, otherwise it may cause dizziness..." This is the truth. The above-mentioned nail polish ingredients are harmful to the human body all the time, so it is very important to avoid the harm of nail polish. Try to use as little ordinary nail polish as possible, and do not choose some non-standard products or extremely low-priced irregular products. Most of the time, you get what you pay for. Maintain ventilation when applying nail polish, and try to minimize the inhalation of chemical gases emitted by nail polish to reduce poisoning to the body. Switch to natural nail polish that is not harmful to the human body, such as Canadian co*** ay natural nail polish. How to remove toxic substances in paint?

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