Maserati, which is sophisticated in mechanics, will release a new sports car MC20 in September this year. It will be matched with the pinnacle in the history of internal combustion engines - the "Poseidon" engine. Whether you are a Maserati fan or a People in the industry are all ignited by this engine. Fortunately, Maserati took the lead in deciphering this machine full of black technology. Let’s take a look at its capabilities.
Maserati has been making great progress in the pursuit of speed. 106 years ago, Maserati was born in Bologna, Italy. Since then, Maserati has achieved countless brilliant achievements, both on the road and on the track. In the midst of constant ups and downs, Maserati has gone through a wonderful century with the power and vitality endowed by the trident in the hands of Poseidon.
Cui Jun
Producer of "Style Car Review" and "Car Research Society"
Does anyone know that Maserati participated in the event earlier than Ferrari? More than twenty years. The beginning of all dreams was a brand new single-cylinder engine designed by Carlo Maserati when he was 17 years old. Throughout the history of Maserati, engine technology has been the focus that has always led it forward. During this period, many famous engine models and leading technologies were born.
During World War I, his younger brother Alfieri designed a patented spark plug, which was used on the famous SVA aircraft. With many years of experience in engine research and development, Alfieri began to devote himself to motor sports, because only rigorous racing competitions can test the true strength of technology. In 1932, the Tipo V5 debuted for the first time and was a great success. Subsequently, the legendary driver Novalli drove the Maserati 8CM and won multiple grand prix championships. In 1938, Maserati's 8CTF racing car with a fixed cylinder head and an 8-cylinder engine debuted. It was equipped with an in-line 8-cylinder engine. The maximum power of this engine was 365 horsepower. Immediately won the game in the United States. The experience and technology brought by automobile racing are also applied to civilian vehicles.
After World War II, Maserati's first civilian car, the A6, was also the first prototype of the GranTurismo sports car series. This 6-cylinder car A6 was designed by Pininfarina himself. Shine. Powered by a 1488cc inline six-cylinder engine with a single overhead camshaft and a Weber carburetor, it can produce a maximum of 65 horsepower (48kW). The engine is arranged in a front-mounted configuration and has a top speed of 154km/h.
In the 1950s, Maserati actively participated in the Formula Grand Prix, and the famous racing car 250F won the championship immediately after its debut. The inline six-cylinder engine can output a maximum of 240 horsepower. At the same time, Maserati and Ferrari were competing for their glory.
After withdrawing from automobile racing, Maserati focused on the development of civilian cars. The advantages from racing technology made Poseidon full of fighting spirit. The famous "White Lady" 3500GT of this period was dedicated to the "King of Iran". The heart of the beauty came from a 6-cylinder engine. Then in 1959, the famous "Birdcage" was born, which was the legendary Tipo? 60, and the Birdcage series also won two championships in the arduous Nurburgring 1000 kilometers race.
The "Birdcage" chassis has brought unprecedented power to Maserati. A series of classic models such as Tipo 60, 61, 63, etc. and the famous "Birdcage" 75th anniversary concept car have become household names. Subsequently, Maserati transplanted the engine used for racing into civilian cars, and the Quattroporte was born. The charm of Poseidon also conquered people from all walks of life, and Pavarotti became the owner of the Quattroporte.
Italian designer Giugiaro also brought Maserati the Ghibli equipped with an 8-cylinder engine, which has been selling well for nearly ten years. Giugiaro then launched the famous Bora and Bora's "sister" - Merak. Boomerang, known as Maserati's most daring concept car ever, was unveiled at the auto show. Its wedge-shaped shape was later imitated by a large number of sports cars.
In the 1990s, the famous coupe masterpiece 3200GT was launched, equipped with an engine produced by Maranello. Subsequently, this classic sports car successfully conquered the American market.
Xia Dong
Host and producer of "Kick Car Gang"
The "Poseidon" engine developed by Maserati is of great significance to the brand. It declared Maserati as a high-performance luxury brand, officially established a hard-core technology foundation with power as the core, and ended the era of relying on Ferrari for OEM production. It also marks out Maserati's positioning. When the era of electrification comes and 12-cylinder and 8-cylinder engines are under pressure, a lightweight 6-cylinder engine has greater flexibility. It has relatively low emissions, strong power, and leaves a lot of room for electric hybridization.
Given that Maserati is symbolized by the weapon of Poseidon, it is logical that this engine is named after Poseidon. Since it is a milestone, of course it must first express the ultimate performance. For this purpose, a special technology in Formula One racing is used: turbulent jet ignition. The first model to use this engine is Maserati's ultimate model, the MC20.
Turbulent jet ignition can be understood as an "ignition amplifier" from a structural point of view. To this end, a special "pre-combustion chamber" structure is added to the inside of the engine cylinder to enclose the direct injection fuel injection head and spark plug. This pre-combustion chamber communicates with the main combustion chamber through a channel. It is equivalent to installing a "flame thrower" on the cylinder. It is a combustion chamber with a very small space that contains a fuel injection head and a spark plug.
The Poseidon engine is also fully equipped with a port injection system, which charges mixture into the main combustion chamber, commonly known as the cylinder, through the normal intake valve. This portion accounts for approximately 98% of the fuel. The fuel injection head in the pre-combustion chamber injects a small amount of fuel, accounting for about 2% of the fuel. Due to the relatively independent state of the pre-combustion chamber space, when igniting, it is first ignited by the spark plug in the same chamber, and then the burning flame passes through the hole and ignites the mixture in the main combustion chamber. Due to the rapid expansion of the gas in the pre-combustion chamber due to combustion, flame turbulence is formed under the guidance of the holes, and the flame turbulence flows strongly into the main combustion chamber, forming a highly efficient and homogeneous combustion state close to that of a diesel engine.
The purpose of this technology is to allow turbocharged gasoline engines to run at higher speeds and compression ratios, achieving ultimate performance close to the ideal state of homogeneous combustion. On the MC20, the power output of the Poseidon engine is as high as 630 horsepower, which is equivalent to 210 horsepower per liter of displacement, and the adaptable speed is as high as 8,000 rpm. The torque is as high as 730 Nm, and the corresponding speed is as low as 3,000 rpm.
When expanding the border upward, ensure that the territory below is not lost. The Poseidon engine is still equipped with a main combustion chamber ignition system. So, it actually has dual spark plugs and dual injectors. Since the pre-combustion chamber is located in the middle of the top of the cylinder, the spark plug in the main combustion chamber is installed laterally. At low speeds and when the engine output is relatively low, using ordinary port injection and traditional ignition mode can make the exhaust emissions cleaner, the engine runs smoother, the combustion can be ensured, and the risk of carbon deposits can be reduced.
Liu Hongcang
Author of "Car Home·Car Home"
As electrification technology becomes popular today, traditional engines seem to have "passed their youth". However, Martha has launched a new "Nettuno" Poseidon engine, which is the most powerful turbocharged engine in history. This can't help but shock car fans. Maserati once again stands at the pinnacle of the automotive industry.
For traditional luxury cars, high-horsepower engines have never been difficult, as long as the displacement and cylinders are increased. Bentley's 6.75-liter V8 and Ferrari's 6.5-liter V12 are both products of this idea.
However, with the advent of the era of small-displacement turbocharging, luxury cars have also "compressed" their displacement to 3.0-liter 6-cylinders and 4.0-liter 8-cylinders (these are all integers because they can be tailored according to the number of cylinders) , the single-cylinder structures of many brands of 1.5-liter 3-cylinder, 2.0-liter 4-cylinder and 3.0-liter inline GT; 6-cylinder are almost the same, thus reducing R&D and manufacturing costs). The 4.0-liter engine is okay. After deep supercharging, it can produce more than 600 horsepower and can be classified as a supercar. However, the 3.0-liter supercharger often only has 400 horsepower. Even Porsche's 2.9T is already very powerful, that is, 450 horsepower. The Alfa Clover is more powerful, reaching 510 horsepower, but it still lacks a little horsepower from the top sports car. However, the Maserati Poseidon engine uses a 3.0 displacement to release 630 horsepower and 730 Nm, which greatly exceeds the current level. The Maserati MC20 sports car equipped with the Poseidon engine, which will be launched in September, is very worth looking forward to.
Behind extraordinary power is extraordinary technology. In order to increase the power of a traditional engine, in addition to increasing the displacement, it means increasing the boost pressure and increasing the compression ratio. However, the two cannot be deeply enhanced at the same time because knocking must be avoided. For example, the Ferrari 488Pista engine has a very high degree of supercharging, with a compression ratio of 9.6:1. However, the Poseidon engine's supercharging intensity is not low at all, with a compression ratio of 11:1, and it will not knock. The key technology here is the "pre-combustion chamber", which is derived from F1 technology.
Although traditional engine combustion is very fast from ignition (usually at the center point of the cylinder) to flame burning to the edge of the cylinder, it still takes some time. Let's use an analogy. If the traditional combustion process is ignited with a match, Poseidon's combustion is "combustion" with a flamethrower. The starting point of this "combustion" is the pre-combustion chamber - ignition in a small space. All the gasoline is sprayed out with flames from here, igniting the gasoline in the cylinder. It is precisely because of such rapid and complete burning that "Poseidon" possesses such power. And from the perspective of turbines, in order to achieve stronger power, high boost pressure is often required. Using a large turbine should have a certain degree of turbo lag. However, the high compression ratio and efficient combustion of the Poseidon engine will allow the turbocharger value to be lowered even lower, and a small turbine with lower turbo lag can be used, and the power response will be even faster, at low loads. Response is also smoother.
I think the "Poseidon" engine will not only be a strong contender for this year's World Engine of the Year, but will also create another milestone in engine history. Are other brand bosses who are also involved in F1 also excited?
Song Haitao
Investor of "Haichuan Cars" and "Roadside Parking Lot"
After reading the above three teachers’ opinions on Maserati’s new Poseidon 3.0T? The introduction of the V6 engine can’t help but make me look forward to the arrival of the MC20, a new generation of Maserati supercars. Since the advent of the Gran Turismo 13 years ago, Maserati has not launched a true two-door model. Instead, it has begun to vigorously develop four-door models, such as the Quattroporte, Ghibli and Levante. Although the production and sales have increased to The brand has reached a new historical height, but it seems to lack some support in terms of the sportiness that should be contained in its bones. The arrival of the MC20 will undoubtedly once again strengthen the sports genes and track nature of the Maserati brand. At the same time, the MC20, which adopts a mid-mounted rear-wheel drive layout, is definitely a pure sports car with Maserati's century-old racing pedigree. Equipped with the Poseidon engine, it has enough It has the capital to challenge any competitor on the market, and its design and technology represent Maserati’s new direction in the next ten or even twenty years. Now we are looking forward to its world debut in Modena in September.
This article comes from the author of Autohome Chejiahao and does not represent the views and positions of Autohome.