Immunizing animals is the process of immunizing mice with target antigen to produce sensitized B lymphocytes. Generally, female mice aged 6-8 weeks are selected and immunized according to the pre-established immunization plan. Antigen enters peripheral immune organs through blood circulation or lymphatic circulation, which stimulates the corresponding B lymphocytes to clone, activate, proliferate and differentiate into sensitized B lymphocytes.
Monoclonal antibody is a highly homologous antibody produced by a single B cell clone, which only targets a specific epitope. Usually prepared by hybridoma technology. Hybridoma antibody technology is based on cell fusion technology, which fuses sensitized B cells with the ability to secrete specific antibodies and myeloma cells with unlimited reproductive ability into B cell hybridoma.
Monoclonal antibodies are produced by artificially prepared hybridoma cells, which are fused by antigen-activated B cells and myeloma cells. The monoclonal antibody has high purity, high sensitivity, strong specificity, less cross reaction and low preparation cost. Disadvantages: there are certain requirements for technology, and it is easy to lose epitopes by chemical treatment of antigens.