With the project support of Environment Department of Ministry of Land and Resources, China Geological Survey, Ministry of Science and Technology, and China Geological Environment Monitoring Institute, the Hydrogeological Environment Geological Survey Center of China Geological Survey independently developed the automatic monitoring technology of groundwater dynamics in view of the shortage of domestic groundwater monitoring instruments and considering various factors such as field environment and man-made destruction. R&D can be divided into three stages.
1.2002 ~ 2004
The main core technologies studied and solved:
(1) A water level/water temperature composite probe is developed by using advanced sensor technology from abroad. In order to overcome the influence of atmospheric pressure change, a unique air pressure balance device is developed to make the sensor communicate with the atmosphere, which effectively overcomes the influence of atmospheric pressure change on the measured value and fully ensures the stability of the probe.
(2) The fully sealed cylinder structure design is convenient for on-site installation and storage. The sealing and moisture-proof problems are solved, and the reliability of the instrument system is ensured.
(3) The host circuit with low power consumption and high stability is developed. In order to solve the problem that long-term automatic monitoring equipment in the field needs both continuous operation and DC (battery) power supply, all instruments and systems use low-power components, and intermittent power supply is used for high-power sensors, amplifiers, A/D converters, single-chip computers, etc.
(4) The software of single-chip microcomputer control and data processing is developed, and the software is modified in view of various problems in the popularization and use of the instrument, and preventive measures are added in view of several human factors caused by improper user operation.
The above achievements won the second prize of the Land and Resources Science and Technology Award in 2004 and the 2007 Excellent Product Award of China Instrumentation Society in 2007. In 2008, we obtained two utility model patents, namely "automatic monitoring instrument for groundwater dynamics" (patent number: ZL200820 108674.3) and "air pressure balancing device for water level monitoring" (patent number: ZL200820 108673.9).
2.2009
"WS- 1040 Groundwater Dynamic Monitor" has been included in the "National Key New Product Plan" of the Ministry of Science and Technology, and the groundwater monitoring instrument has been upgraded based on the national key new product project. By upgrading the core devices and improving the signal conditioning circuit, the power consumption of the whole machine is further reduced, and the integration, stability and reliability of the system are improved. Its function has reached the level of similar products.
3.20 10 till now
Relying on the geological survey project, the practical groundwater monitoring technology is studied and the remote monitoring system of groundwater dynamics is developed. The following results have been achieved:
(1) cooperated with international famous brands to develop practical products for groundwater dynamic remote monitoring, and realized automatic collection, transmission and remote monitoring of groundwater monitoring data.
(2) The multi-level and multi-source equipment remote management system is developed, and the monitoring data reception and synchronous update based on multi-source, multi-mode and multi-level are realized. Combined with the remote monitoring equipment of groundwater, the remote management of monitoring equipment is realized.
(3) The remote monitoring system of groundwater dynamics has passed the detection of relevant departments at home and abroad, and won unanimous praise from peers at home and abroad. Especially in the groundwater monitoring exhibition in the United States, it has aroused widespread concern in the industry.
(4) Engineering is the key link to ensure product quality. Through the engineering work of products, the quality is improved, the cost is reduced, and the real transformation from scientific research prototype to products is realized. At the same time, through engineering work, accumulate experience, cultivate talents, standardize product research and development, and improve the engineering ability of technicians. It laid the foundation for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in the future.
(5) Relying on the geological survey project, the project is extended, and the groundwater remote monitoring system plays a role in groundwater monitoring along the South-to-North Water Transfer Project.
The remote monitoring system of groundwater dynamics is mainly composed of on-site monitoring instruments, commercial public service networks and monitoring central stations. In this system, the central station exchanges information with various monitoring instruments through the public service network to complete the recovery of monitoring data and the management of monitoring equipment. Field monitoring equipment includes water level and temperature sensors, data transmission instruments and wellhead protection devices. The monitoring instrument realizes long-term automatic monitoring of groundwater level and water temperature through sensors, and the measured data is automatically stored in the storage unit. Data is sent to the control center regularly through data transmission instruments. The data transmitter adopts stainless steel cylinder structure, and the sensors are connected by cables. Both sensors and data transmitters can be placed in monitoring wells, which is convenient for protecting and overcoming the influence of climate and weather. The whole instrument realizes the safety management of on-site monitoring equipment through wellhead protection device. The monitoring center station includes a data receiving system, a terminal server and control software. Monitoring data can be regularly transmitted to the central station through the public network, and the parameters of the instrument can be set. The system has the functions of automatic storage, remote transmission, reception, interpretation, warehousing, management and monitoring of well information, monitoring equipment information, communication equipment information management and abnormal alarm, and the data can be synchronously transmitted and updated to national, provincial and municipal institutions. In addition, the monitor has the advantages of high precision, high resolution, anti-interference and low power consumption, and can work unattended all day. Built-in air pressure sensor can not only measure air pressure and temperature independently, but also compensate local air pressure without ventilation pipe.
Second, the scope of application and application examples
The system can automatically monitor the dynamic changes of groundwater level and water temperature for a long time, and can be widely used in hydrogeology, environmental geology, geological disaster prediction, environmental protection, water resources management, geothermal well monitoring, water conservancy, mining area hydrology and other fields.
1. The groundwater dynamic remote monitoring system has played an important role in groundwater monitoring in the South-to-North Water Transfer Project.
As a major national strategic project, the South-to-North Water Transfer Project provides an important basis for future follow-up work such as storage and project management by grasping the basic information of groundwater along the route. S-GRT- 1 Remote groundwater monitoring Instrument 10 set independently developed by Hydrogeological Environmental Geological Survey Center of China Geological Survey is installed in Henan and Hebei sections of South-to-North Water Transfer Project, which are located in Hebi, Anyang, Handan, Xingtai and Shijiazhuang, Hebei respectively, with a total length of 350km, and can dynamically monitor data such as groundwater level, water temperature, air pressure and temperature. This batch of instruments has been running successfully for more than two months since it was installed and started on September 20 12, and the returned data is accurate and reliable.
In the future, a series of remote dynamic monitoring instruments for groundwater independently developed by China will be installed along the South-to-North Water Transfer Project one after another, which will provide a continuous and powerful guarantee for groundwater safety in the monitoring area.
2. Groundwater monitoring in Heihe River Basin
Groundwater monitoring in Heihe River Basin began in 1980s. The monitoring areas mainly include Zhangye, Gao Tai, Linze and Jiuquan. Groundwater level, water quality, water temperature and spring flow are mainly monitored manually. Combined with the key project of Natural Science Foundation "Observation and Mechanism Research on the Mutual Transformation between Surface Water and Groundwater in Heihe River Basin", the Coordination Center of Water Environment and Geodesy applied the self-developed remote monitoring system of groundwater dynamics in Heihe Plain, aiming at providing monitoring data support for the scientific research of the project and providing decision-making basis for the scientific management of groundwater in Heihe River Basin. The system can automatically monitor the dynamic changes of groundwater level and water temperature for a long time. The measurement data is automatically stored in the storage unit inside the instrument, and the monitoring data can be regularly transmitted to the terminal management platform through the public service network to complete the dynamic management of the monitoring data and monitoring equipment. The automatic collection, storage, transmission and remote management of groundwater dynamic data are realized. It greatly facilitates the relevant work of the supervision department. It provides basic data for the observation and mechanism study of the mutual transformation between surface water and groundwater in Heihe River Basin.
Third, promote the transformation mode.
The popularization and transformation of groundwater monitoring technology achievements can be recommended to users and pushed to the market through publicity reports, conference exchanges, personnel training and technical consultation. The results will be gradually popularized and applied in the whole country through local pilot demonstration, and can be widely used in many occasions such as long-term observation of groundwater, water resources investigation, surface water monitoring, water level monitoring of pumping wells, industrial water management and so on.
Technical support unit: Hydrogeological Environmental Geological Survey Center of China Geological Survey.
Contact: Wei Yumei
Mailing address: No.0/305, Qiyi Middle Road, Baoding City, Hebei Province.
Postal code: 07 105 1
Tel: 03 12-59085 10
E-mail :weiyumei@chegs.cn