① what is transgenic?
Transgenic technology is a modern molecular biotechnology that introduces artificially separated and modified genes into the genome of the target organism, thus transforming the organism.
the theoretical basis of transgenic technology comes from molecular biology derived from evolution. The source of gene fragment can be the target gene needed to extract the genome of a specific organism, or the DNA fragment with the specified sequence can be artificially synthesized. DNA fragments are transferred into specific organisms, recombined with their own genomes, and then artificially selected for generations from the recombinants, so as to obtain individuals with stable performance of specific heritability.
To put it simply, transgene is to infect another gene with one gene, recombine the genome and adjust itself according to human requirements.
② safety.
Whether transgenic is safe or not remains to be verified.
Because some ingredients in genetically modified foods are never found in traditional foods. Modern biotechnology can transfer other biological genes into plants, and introduce exogenous genes of viruses, bacteria and non-food varieties, as well as antibiotic resistance genes in marker genes into edible crops, which can not be realized by traditional breeding technology. Moreover, modern genetic engineering is still relatively young, and no one can tell what consequences these genetic changes will have in the future. Therefore, the safety inspection requirements of this kind of food in various countries are more stringent than those cultivated and produced by traditional methods. As of 213, the safety evaluation method based on the principle of substantial equality is widely used in the world.
second: advantages and disadvantages
① advantages.
Genetically modified food has many advantages: it can increase crop yield; The production cost can be reduced; Can enhance the ability of crops to resist pests and viruses; Improve the storability of agricultural products.
For example: genetically modified food-potato; Shorten the time of crop development; Get rid of the four seasons supply; Breaking species boundaries, constantly cultivating new species, and producing food beneficial to human health.
② disadvantages.
Genetically modified foods also have disadvantages: the so-called increase in production is not affected by the environment, and if it encounters natural disasters such as rain and snow, it may reduce production even more. At the same time, in the process of cultivation, transgenic crops may evolve into farmland weeds; It may affect other species through gene drift; Genetically modified foods may cause allergies.
Third: public opinion survey
① Internet dispute.
The debate about the safety of genetically modified foods has become popular on the Internet again recently. A Weibo debate between Cui Yongyuan, a famous former CCTV host, and Fang Zhouzi, an anti-counterfeiting fighter, attracted online onlookers.
Since the development of transgenic technology, there have been many rumors about transgenic technology, and scientists have also proved the innocence of transgenic technology with strong evidence. (such as the Pustai case in 1998)
② Public opinion.
1. The safety of genetically modified food is both a scientific issue and a social issue, and the public has the right to question it. It is too overbearing to equate questioning with "spreading rumors".
2. Genetically modified food has safety risks, and "substantial equivalence" does not mean "substantial safety". Traditional food also needs supervision, and patent application and food safety are two issues.
Fourth: Banning advertisements
In October p>214, the Ministry of Agriculture sent a letter to the State Administration for Industry and Commerce, requesting that the management of advertisements involving genetically modified organisms be strengthened. On October 9th, CCTV advertising department official Wei said that it was forbidden to use misleading advertising words such as "healthier and safer" in non-GMO advertisements.
We will strengthen the review of advertisements for genetically modified and non-genetically modified products. Among them, there are no advertisements for crops such as rice, peanuts and their processed products commercially planted with genetically modified varieties in China and the world, and the use of non-genetically modified advertising words is prohibited; Advertisements for products such as soybeans and rapeseed and their processed products that have been commercially planted with genetically modified varieties are prohibited from using words with non-transgenic effects, such as misleading advertising words such as healthier and safer, except for collecting certification materials as required.
It is also the many advantages of transgenic technology, which can be used not only in production, but also in ecology, and the blue sky may last forever one day.