When chlorine is mixed with more than 5% (by volume) of hydrogen, there is a danger of explosion.
Chlorine can be replaced or added with organic and inorganic substances to generate various chlorides.
In the early days, chlorine was used as a bleaching agent in the paper and textile industries.
History of chlorine gas: the production method of chlorine gas has experienced a long development process. Swedish chemist karl william scheele was born in 1978.
Using pyrolusite (containing manganese dioxide) and concentrated hydrochloric acid to treat chlorine leakage, firstly, prepare chlorine: 4HCl (concentrated) +MnO2 = heating = mncl2+2h2o+Cl2 = (condition: heating). However, because hydrochloric acid could not be prepared in large quantities at that time, this method was limited to the preparation of chlorine gas in the laboratory. Later, French chemist Betouret mixed sodium chloride, pyrolusite and concentrated sulfuric acid.
Since Scheler made chlorine gas in 1774 to 1836, people have been using Berto Lei Faming's method to produce chlorine gas.
1836, Gusag invented a coking tower, which was used to absorb the hydrogen chloride gas discharged in the process of producing soda ash (Na2CO3) by Rubin method (previously, this gas containing hydrogen chloride was considered as waste gas, which was fully utilized from Gusag) to obtain hydrochloric acid, and then hydrochloric acid became a cheaper acid, which can be widely used. The method of producing chlorine invented by Scheler was improved.
1868, Dickon and Hont Hungary invented the method of oxidizing hydrogen chloride gas with oxygen in the air when heating: 4hcl+O2 = 2h2o+2cl2.
This method is called Deakin method (also translated as Deakin method).
Although these methods of chlorine production have played a certain role in history, they are far less than electrolytic chlorine production in terms of economic benefits and production scale.
When electrolysis is put into practice in production, the above methods of producing chlorine gas are gradually eliminated.
The birth of electrolysis can be traced back to 1833. Faraday found through a series of experiments that when the current acts on sodium chloride aqueous solution, chlorine gas can be obtained: 2NaCl+2H2O = 2NaOH+H2 = Cl2 =.
Later, British scientist Watt also discovered this method, and obtained a British patent for the production of chlorine at 185 1. However, because there was no practical DC generator to generate enough current at that time, the electrolysis method could only stay in the laboratory scale and could not be put into industrial production, so it was put on hold.
It was not until 1970s and 1980s that a good DC generator appeared, and electrolysis was widely used.
Since then, the industrial production of chlorine has entered a new era.