The Mystery of the Pyramid---------The Pyramid of Khufu
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2009-4-7 20:22 Satisfactory answer Geographical coordinates: 29°58′43.72〃N31°08 ′02.31〃E
Egypt is one of the oldest ancient civilizations in the world. The pyramid is a representative work of ancient Egyptian civilization, a symbol of the Egyptian country, and the pride of the Egyptian people.
Pyramid, meaning "square cone" in Arabic, is a stone building with a square bottom and a spire. It is a mausoleum where kings, queens or other members of the royal family were buried in ancient Egypt. It is neither made of gold, nor is it the pagoda shape we usually see. Because it is large in scale and looks like an isosceles triangle from all sides, much like the Chinese word "gold", it is vividly translated as "pyramid" in Chinese.
There are about 80 pyramids discovered in Egypt so far, the largest of which is the towering Great Pyramid of Khufu, which ranks first among the eight wonders of the ancient world. For more than 4,000 years before the Eiffel Tower was completed in Paris in 1889, the Great Pyramid of Khufu had been the tallest building in the world.
According to an estimate by a British archaeologist named Peter, the Great Pyramid of Khufu is made of about 2.3 million stones, with about 115,000 outer stones, each weighing an average of 2.5 tons, like a It is as big as a small car, and the larger one is even more than 15 tons. If these stones were chiseled into pieces averaging one cubic foot, and arranged in a line along the equator, their length would be equal to two-thirds of the circumference of the equator. According to estimates by the ancient Greek historian Herodotus, it took 30 years to build the Pyramid of Khufu, employing 100,000 workers each year. On the one hand, the pyramid reflects the wisdom and creativity of the ancient Egyptian people, on the other hand, it also becomes a witness to the autocratic rule of the Pharaoh.
When Napoleon invaded Egypt in 1789, he had a fierce battle with Turkish and Egyptian troops in the pyramid area on July 21 of that year. After the war, he observed the Pyramid of Khufu. It is said that he was so impressed by the size of the tower. He estimated that if the stones from the Pyramid of Khufu and the pyramids of Khufu's son Khafre and grandson Menkaura not far away were added together, a stone wall three meters high and one meter thick could be built. The whole of France is surrounded by the national border.
In the Middle Ages more than 4,000 years ago, when production tools were very backward, how did the Egyptians collect and transport so many huge stones, each of which was so heavy, to build such a magnificent pyramid? A very difficult mystery to solve.
The Pyramid of Khufu is located in the Giza Highlands about 10 kilometers southwest of the Egyptian capital Cairo. The Pyramid of Khufu is the largest existing pyramid in Egypt and is known as one of the "Seven Wonders of the Ancient World". Among the 110 pyramids discovered in Egypt, the three generations of pyramids in the Giza Highlands - the Pyramid of Khufu, the Pyramid of Khafre and the Pyramid of Menkaura are the oldest pyramids.
The Pyramid of Khufu was built during the reign of Khufu, the second pharaoh of the Fourth Dynasty of Egypt (about 2670 BC). It is considered to be a mausoleum built by Khufu for himself. In ancient Egypt, every pharaoh began to build his own tomb from the day he ascended the throne, hoping to be transformed into a god after death. The four slopes of the Great Pyramid of Khufu face the east, south, west and north directions, with an error of no more than 3 minutes of an arc. The original length of the base was 230 meters. Due to the peeling off of the outer layer of limestone, the base is now shortened to 227 meters. , the inclination angle is 51 degrees and 52 minutes. The original height of the tower was 146.59 meters. Due to the peeling off of the top, it is now 136.5 meters high, which is equivalent to a 40-story skyscraper. The base of the tower is square.
The entire pyramid is built on a huge convex rock, covering an area of ??about 52,900 square meters and a volume of about 2.6 million cubic meters. Its four sides face the four directions of southeast, northwest and northwest.
There is an editor of the British "London Observer" named John Taylor, who is an amateur in astronomy and mathematics. He conducted research on the Great Pyramid based on data provided in documentary sources. After calculation, he found that the Great Pyramid of Khufu contained many mathematical principles that were incredible.
He first noticed that the base angle of Khufu's Great Pyramid was not 60 degrees. but 51. 51', thus finding that the area of ??each wall triangle is equal to the square of its height. In addition, the ratio of the tower height to the circumference of the tower base is the ratio of the earth's radius to the circumference. Therefore, the pi ratio can be obtained by dividing the tower height by twice the base. Taylor believes that this ratio is no accident. It proves that the ancient Egyptians already knew that the earth was round and knew the ratio of the earth's radius to its circumference.
Taylor also used data from literature to study what length units the ancient Egyptians used when building the pyramids. When he converted the circumference of the base of the tower into inches. This is what he thought. Is the imperial unit of length somehow related to the unit of length used by the ancient Egyptians?
Taylor's ideas were supported by the British mathematician Professor Charles Peach Smith. After a field trip to the Great Pyramid of Khufu in 1864, Smith claimed that he had discovered more mathematical mysteries of the Great Pyramid. For example, the height of the tower multiplied by 1 billion is equal to the distance between the earth and the sun. The Great Pyramid not only contains units of length, but also contains units of time: the circumference of the tower base calculated according to certain units is exactly one. The number of days in the year, etc. Smith's field trip was praised by the Royal Society and he was awarded the Society's Gold Medal.
Later, another Englishman, Ferendzi Petrie, took the measuring instruments that his father had carefully improved over 20 years of hard work to survey and map the Great Pyramid. During the surveying and mapping, he was surprised to find that the errors in lines, angles, etc. of the Great Pyramid were almost zero, and the deviation was less than 0.25 inches in the length of 350 feet.
This pyramid is huge, majestic and breathtaking.
But the book Petrie wrote after his investigation rejected Smith's assertion that the circumference of the base of the tower was equal to the number of days in a year.
Petrie's book caused an uproar among scientists. Some support him, some oppose him.
How much knowledge and wisdom the ancient Egyptians embody in the Great Pyramid is still a mystery that is far from being completely solved.