Windows system Windows operating system is a windowed operating system developed by Microsoft Corporation of the United States. Last year, it was updated to win10, so what other system can you choose without Windows? Follow me to learn about it.
Introduction to systems that you can choose without Windows:
Starting from July 29, 2015, Microsoft’s new operating system Windows 10 was officially released. At the same time, it also serves as Microsoft Windows as a Service. ?An important step in the new strategy, a one-year free upgrade activity has begun. As of now, Win10 has officially been promoted to a patented operating system that costs $119.99 to upgrade.
Faced with such a closed-source, paid operating system that has been criticized for its security and controllability, many programmers are saying no. Some people even asked: Recently discovered that Windows 10 sells advertisements on the lock screen interface?
Despite this, Windows, as an operating system that already occupies a large share of the consumer market, is almost monopolistic. But for developers, Windows 10 seems to be a niche operating system. In their eyes, operating systems such as Mac OS, Ubuntu, Fedora, and CentOS are the real kings! Today, the author will take you from the development party Perspective to judge the operating system.
1. Windows 10
Openness index: ★☆
Difficulty factor: ☆
Ecological construction: ★★★★★ < /p>
As the author introduced earlier, the Windows 10 operating system has now become the second largest operating system under Windows 7, with a market share of 21.9%. This shows that the free upgrade service adopted by Microsoft’s Windows 10 operating system is indeed very attractive. Microsoft has even made bold promises, hoping to have 1 billion devices around the world run Windows 10 within three years.
In addition to the advantages of free upgrades, Windows 10 must have other advantages to attract so many users to upgrade and install it. To sum it up, there are only two words: simple.
Although PCs, Pads and mobile phones have become necessities in life, for most people, these devices are just a pastime to fill boring time. In the face of such demand, we can be sure that the simplicity and easy-to-use features of the operating system will become the focus of most IT equipment users when choosing an operating system.
However, in the view of the Open Party, when Windows decides to target the user groups with the weakest technical foundation, it must abandon its open, programmable and free features. As a result, Windows has suffered from cyberattacks, charges, and user agnosticism of the system. These characteristics are fatal flaws from the perspective of development.
The author has to say that for the majority of ordinary consumers, Windows 10 or Windows 7 systems are indeed good choices. After all, Microsoft has a good ecosystem, and the advertisements generated by such systems , safety issues often do not have a fatal impact on users. In short, for ordinary entertainment needs, Windows 10 is enough. But if you have higher requirements for system security and openness, you can learn about the following operating systems and fill in the following questionnaire to better understand most people's needs for the system.
2. macOS
Open index: ★★☆
Difficulty factor: ★★☆
Ecological construction: ★★★★ ☆
According to the latest survey, macOS is the third largest operating system in the world, with a market share of 9.92%.
Such data shows that Apple's macOS system has a good market share. More importantly, the macOS operating system has been recognized by both IT experts and ordinary users. In this regard, macOS is the best.
If you ask Mac users why you use Apple computers, you will get a variety of answers. Some people say it’s because the Mac notebook looks beautiful; some people say it’s because of the Mac’s versatile Space key; some people say it’s because using Multi-Touch gestures on the Mac improves my work efficiency; of course, some people say it’s because I’m rich. . When the author asked the same question to the developer, he only replied with two words: purity.
This starts with macOS. Compared with the previous Windows 10 operating system, the origin of macOS can be said to be quite noble. The macOS operating system was born out of the UNIX operating system. Many people may not know much about Unix systems, but you must have heard of servers while playing games. In fact, Unix was born for servers and is a system focused on efficiency. Based on Unix, macOS has optimized memory and processor scheduling to become an operating system suitable for PCs.
So what are the advantages of using macOS?
First of all, macOS, which was born out of Unix, is more like Linux. This feature allows users who need to use Linux for research and development to Quickly switch to macOS.
Secondly, the macOS system runs smoothly. For many Windows users, there is always a skill at hand when going out. From then on, whenever the computer is stuck, they will use "Ctrl+Alt+Delete" to start the Task Manager to greet them. In many cases, when a software crashes, it is no problem to use this trick, but frequent application is not only time-consuming, but also not always successful. There is no doubt that frequent system and software crashes will not only have a negative impact on the PC, but more importantly, will delay time and even cause data loss. Relatively speaking, macOS has a closed ecosystem and perfect drivers, and it rarely freezes.
The software is stuck. Finally, for developers, the macOS system does not have a "Start" menu at the bottom. This feature allows developers to focus all their attention on research and development without being harassed by various new information on the lower right side.
Of course, for Windows users, it will be more difficult to suddenly switch to macOS, but after getting used to it, they find that it is more efficient. Of course, some people have questioned macOS, believing that macOS only relies on Apple. This situation may lead to the demise of macOS once Apple declines or goes bankrupt. But I don't think this is a cause for concern. Not to mention the possibility of Apple going bankrupt quickly, if we assume that Apple is about to go bankrupt, then there will definitely be scientific research institutions in many countries maintaining it.
3. Ubuntu
Openness index: ★★★★★
Difficulty factor: ★★★
Ecological construction: ★★ ☆
Before talking about Ubuntu, we should talk about Linux. Without Linux, there would not be so many operating systems suitable for various languages ??and various production environments. If you don’t understand the Linux operating system, you only need to know that the Android system used by many mobile phones is also derived from Linux. Linux is usually loved by developers, and its market share is only 2%, which is far less than the previous Windows and macOS.
Ubuntu was first released in September 2004. It is a relatively late Linux distribution. Although the project is not as early as other Linux distributions, its mailing list was quickly developed by users' desire and development. filled with passionate discussions.
Subsequently, Ubuntu grew into the most popular desktop Linux distribution. It has made great efforts and contributions towards developing an easy-to-use and free desktop operating system that can compete with any personal operating system on the market. compete.
So, what factors make Ubuntu such a huge success? First of all, the influence of the project’s founder is very powerful (the founder is Mark Shuttleworth, a charismatic South African billionaire, Debian’s Early developer and the world's second self-funded space tourist). Second, the late release allowed Ubuntu to learn from the failures of other similar Linux distribution plans. Third, Ubuntu distributes free CDs to all interested users on the Internet, thus promoting the rapid expansion of Ubuntu distributions.
Ubuntu graphical interface In terms of technology, Ubuntu is a Debian-based distribution that contains updates to the latest versions of some well-known software packages, such as GNOME, Firefox and OpenOffice.org. Although Linux-based operating systems are usually known for their command line interfaces, Ubuntu also has a graphical interface, which provides help for users with weak development foundation. What is even more considerate is that in order to meet the needs of each user, Ubuntu appears There are many versions or flavors of Ubuntu.
Other special features of Ubuntu include an installable live CD, art creation and desktop themes, Windows user migration assistant, support for the latest new technologies such as 3D desktop effects, and easy-to-install ATi and NVIDIA graphics cards Driver and wireless device driver support, etc., and support for non-free or patent-licensed media codecs on demand, Ubuntu has created an excellent web-based Wiki-style documentation, using a professional approach to create bugs for end users Report feedback mechanism.
For Java, PHP and Python developers, Ubuntu is a good choice. Whether it is simple installation or excellent hardware recovery capabilities, Ubuntu has become the favorite of the development party.
4. Fedora
Openness index: ★★★★★
Difficulty coefficient: ★★★★★
Ecological construction: ★★★☆
If you are not familiar with the Fedora operating system, you must have heard of the company Red Hat. Generally, Red Hat will test and release on Fedora before releasing the official version. Despite this, the official version of Fedora is still very stable. It is somewhat similar to Ubuntu, and the number of users is also very considerable among all Linux systems. If Ubuntu is easy to use, has rich forums and WIKI support, and is suitable for novices to get started; then Fedora is simpler to configure in terms of programming environment than Ubuntu, making it more suitable for novices to learn programming, development and advancement. Fedora system In terms of regular release and upgrade version time, Fedora and Ubuntu are open and the other is conservative. Fedora prefers to ensure that the system meets standards before releasing it, which may cause release delays within an acceptable range for users; but Ubuntu prefers to be conservative, and the determined date will basically not change. The origin of Fedora can be traced back to 1995, but its official release time should be similar to that of Ubnutu. However, it is worth noting that Fedora, as the pioneer version of Red Hat, has an absolute advantage in stability, and Red Hat also controls the development of Fedora. direction.
In terms of operation, Fedora needs to manually configure the yum source and install various decoders and common tools. For novices, learning and development is difficult. The installation steps are basically divided into setting partition, setting time zone, selecting software source, setting keyboard, setting network interface, etc. If you are using GNOME for the first time, you need to make simple settings. Of course, you can also choose KDE, LXDE, Openbox, Xfce. desktop.
In addition to Fedora's excellent security features, Fedora, as Red Hat's test platform, also has a high degree of innovation, a large number of support packages, and strictly adheres to the free software concept. Its disadvantage is that due to too much focus on enterprise-level application features, desktop usability is weak.
For developers of programming languages ??such as Java and PHP, Fedora is also a good choice because it can make the development program closer to the application.
5. CentOS
Openness index: ★★★★★
Difficulty factor: ★★★☆
Ecological construction: ★ ★★★★
CentOS was launched at the end of 2003. It is compiled from the source code released by Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) in accordance with the open source code regulations. As far as the CentOS platform is concerned, it is It is not strictly a commercial version, but CentOS has its own package library and communication support. CentOS gets all the features of HEL, even better software. However, CentOS does not provide commercial support to users, and of course it does not bear any commercial responsibility.
CentOS Despite this, you will still find that many commercial companies deploy servers in production environments using CentOS systems. Therefore, CentOS is often regarded as a reliable server distribution. It inherits the well-tested and stable Linux kernel and software from the same foundation as Red Hat Enterprise Linux.
CentOS is an enterprise-ready desktop solution, especially in terms of stability, reliability and long-term support, and is the first choice for the latest software and features. Like RHEL, CentOS supports more than 5 years of security updates. In addition, CentOS is simple, the command line is relatively user-friendly, stable, and has strong English documentation and development community support. Although CentOS does not provide commercial support alone, you can often find clues from Redhat.
Many webmasters will choose the CentOS system because CentOS can remove many applications that have nothing to do with server functions. The system is simple but very stable. Command line operations can easily manage the system and applications, and it also has helpful documentation and communities. support.
centos.org Generally speaking, CentOS is not only effective, but also stable and reliable; it can be downloaded and used for free, and it is also equipped with 5 years of free security updates, which can release and security updates in a timely manner. But it also often lacks support for the latest Linux technology, and most software is outdated when it is released.
Nowadays, Linux operating systems have improved in terms of application experience, desktop aesthetics, game support, web applications and software compatibility, and have won the favor of many developers. However, Windows still maintains the largest market share. occupancy rate, and natively supports Linux bash in the Windows 10 development version. Whether it is Windows, macOS or Linux systems, there are a large number of developers gathered.
Although computers come with their own operating systems, developers often choose to reinstall them, or choose dual systems or virtual machines. For example, many people choose to install CentOS in a virtual machine, or make Win and Linux a dual system, which makes it difficult to tell which operating system has more developers. But what is certain is that different development needs adapt to different operating systems, not to mention that everyone has their own preferences. Only when we understand our own technical level and work needs can we find an operating system that is closer to the application and improves work efficiency.
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